Mamunar Rahoman

Project Title: Complete architecture of the physical electrical system on the veroboard using the pole zero method.

Project duration: Undergraduate, 4th Year 1st Semester.

Objective: The objective of this project is to fine-tune and stabilize a feedback control system. Over time, feedback systems often lose their original configuration due to component degradation, resulting in reduced performance or instability. Instead of replacing the entire system, this project focuses on recalibrating and optimizing key parameters to restore proper functionality and ensure long-term reliability.

Tool used: MATLAB simulink (for simulation), MATLAB SISO tool (for plant design), EasyEDA (for schematic drawing).

Abstract: In this project, a feedback control system was provided with specific performance criteria, assigned based on student ID (any student ID from project group). The original design could not be modified. instead, additional components were allowed to be introduced to meet the required specifications. Using the given parameters, the base system was analyzed and modeled using the MATLAB SISO Tool, followed by simulation in MATLAB Simulink and schematic design of the initial configuration. To achieve the desired performance improvements, compensation techniques were applied using the SISO Tool to determine the appropriate controller adjustments. The compensated system was then redesigned, simulated, and finally implemented on a veroboard. The project involved calculating the required RC parameters and developing an op-amp–based compensator circuit to ensure the system met all given criteria.

Image: The practical implementation of full system.

Learnings:

Gained hands-on experience in feedback control system analysis using MATLAB SISO Tool and Simulink.
Developed the ability to interpret system performance criteria and determine suitable compensation techniques.
Learned to calculate and select appropriate RC parameters for op-amp–based compensator circuits.

Difficulties Faced: One of the major challenges encountered in this project was the gap between simulation results and the practical implementation on the veroboard. Although the simulated system performed accurately and met all design criteria, the hardware prototype failed to achieve the required specifications.

After detailed observation, we identified that the discrepancy originated from two sources. First, the operational amplifier used in MATLAB Simulink was a generalized, idealized model designed for broad applicability, whereas the physical op-amp sourced from the market was an application-specific device with non-ideal characteristics. Second, the resistors and capacitors used in the circuit exhibited tolerances that resulted in deviations from the calculated design parameters. These component inaccuracies collectively caused the practical circuit to behave differently from the simulated model.

My role in this project:

Completed all simulations and system analyses based on my assigned student ID using MATLAB SISO Tool and Simulink.
Took primary responsibility for building the hardware prototype, including soldering and assembling the entire circuit on a veroboard, while other group members supported the process.

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