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Che Sofea Adira Binti Che Azman (200628)
Background of Topic
The dialect that is being investigated for this online project is Malay Dialects but on the Kelantanese dialect. The Kelantanese dialect comes from Parent Malay or Bahasa Melayu Induk. Except for the Johor dialect, all local dialects in Malaysia arose from the same source (Adi Yasran, 2005). Because Kelantan and Siam (the previous name for Thailand) were geographically close, the local vernacular was influenced inadvertently. Kelantanese dialect had its origin in Pattani. The influences can be seen in the words within the Kelantanese dialect that described the mystical and supernatural. This is not suprising because even dialectal similarities reported by a radio station from Narathiwat demonstrate the closeness between Kelantan and Thailand (Abdul Hamid Mahmood, 1977). Geographically, Kelantanese dialect is a dialect of the Malay language variants spoken by speaker who are from Kelantan and also can be found in the east coast region mainly in Kelantan, the border between Terengganu and Kelantan, the border between Kelantan and Pahang and some districts in South Thailand such as Narathiwat, Golok River, Yala and Pattani (Abdul Hamid, 1977). Kelantanese dialect had its origin in Pattani.
Interesting Aspect of the Topic
The interesting aspect of the Kelantanese dialect is that its language, differs from others Malay dialects and Standard Malay because of its historical relationship with Pattani. In terms of vowels, Kelantanese dialect produces more vowels in their words rather than the Standard Malay dialect. Many Kelantanese dialects words end with a low back open vowel. While in terms of consonants, Kelantanese dialects has less consonants than Standard Malay. Kelantanese dialects has 20 consonants whilst Standard Malay has 25 consonants. Lastly, Kelantanese Dialect has its own lexicon. There are some words in the Kelantanese dialects that actually existed but cannot be found in Standard Malay and there are also words that available in both Kelantanese Dialect and Standard Malay but they produces different meanings.
Concept Related with Interesting Aspect
As mentioned previously in the interesting aspect, many Kelantanese dialects words end with a low back open vowel /ɔ/, which is equivalent to a schwa /ə/ in Standard Malay. So quite systematically, /lusɔ/ in Kelantan Malay is ‘lusa’ /lusə/ in Standard Malay, /bisɔ/ is ‘bisa’ /bisə/, /ɣasɔ/ is ‘rasa’ /rasə/, /masɔ/ is ‘masa’ /masə/, and naturally, /isɔ/ is ‘isa’ /isə/. So the vowels of Standard Malay and Kelantanese dialect were divided into two different part as they use different vowels. Kelantanese dialect use /i/,/e/,/u/,/o/,/ɛ/,/ʌ/,/ɔ/,/ɔ̃/,/ə/ vowels while Standard Malay use /i/, /e/, /a/, /u/, /o/, /ə/ vowels. So, the different is the front and back vowels for the Kelantanese dialect are not fronted unlike in Standard Malay. Basically, Kelantanese dialects use less consonants rather than Standard Malay that has 25 consonants. Here is the differences in consonants between the Kelantanese dialect and Standard Malay. Kelantanese dialects use consonants /p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/,/s/, /z/,/h/,/l/,/m/,/n/,/w/, /y/, /ʔ/ /d͡ʒ/ /ɣ/ /ɲ/ /ŋ/ while Standard Malay use consonants /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/,/k/,/g/,/s/, /z/, /h/, /ʔ/ /d͡ʒ/ /ɤ/,/l/, /m/, /n/, /ɲ/ /ŋ/, /w/, /y/, /f/, /v/, /r/, /ç/, /χ/, /ʃ/. Lastly, the examples of some Kelantanese lexis that is not available in Standard which is ‘tok se(y)’ that brings the meaning of ‘tak mahu’ that means ‘I don’t want’ in English and ‘kecek’ that brings the meaning of ‘cakap’ that means ‘talk’ in English. The research has shown that Kelantanese Dialects has 20 consonants and 9 vowels based on investigation that has been made around Kelantan by examining the geographical dialects of that state.
Support Relation of concept to the Topic
Talking about the interesting aspect of the Kelantanese dialect, it is clear that pronounciation is the main thing that is related. According to Abdul Hamid Mahmood (1994), his findings show that the way Kelantanese Dialects pronounced words is different from speaking in Malay Standard. Most words in Kelantanese dialects have changes at the end of the word which in Malay Standard, each word ends with a vowel phoneme [a]. However, in Kelantanese dialect, most words will be changed to semi-narrow back [o] vowel phonemes such as the words [ma͂to] and [mu͂ko]. According to Adi Yasran (2010), a re-evalution also gives an example of the consonant phoneme [o] that exists in the Kelantanese dialect, i.e. the word ‘sibuk’ has changed to [siboʔ]. Example given by Adi Yasran have similarities with the researchers, the phoneme [a] in Malay Standard will changed to phoneme [o] in the Kelantan dialect.
References
References
Razali, N. F. S. M., Deli, R. M., & Daud, M. Z. (2018). Asas Fonem Konsonan Dialek Melayu Kelantan (Subdialek Pasir Mas, Kelantan).
Makhtar, R., & Laengkang, A. G. (2018). KEUNIKAN DIALEK DI SUNGAI NENGGIRI, KELANTAN: SATU ANALISIS STRUKTURAL The Dialect of Uniqueness at Sungai Nenggiri, Kelantan: A Structural Analysis. e-Bangi, 15(3).
Razali, N. F. S. M., Deli, R. M., & Daud, M. Z. (2020). Penelitian Dini Dialek Melayu Kelantan (Subdialek Pasir Mas, Kelantan): Fonem Vokal. Jurnal Sains Sosial@ Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 102-112.
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