Embedded Files
Bibliography
Resources
Resources
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.
All sorts of information can be found on the Internet, including misinformation, false information, and sheer fabrication.No central authority reviews and verifies the content of web pages on the Internet. You as an individual are wholly responsible for evaluating the quality and validity of the information...
Source citations in the Turabian manual come in two varieties: (1) notes and bibliography (or simply notes) and (2) author-date. These two systems are also sometimes referred to as Chicago-style citations, because they are the same as the ones presented in The Chicago Manual of Style.
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Evaluating Sources
Evaluating Sources
A bibliography is a list of sources (books, journals, websites, periodicals, etc.) one has used for researching a topic. Bibliographies (sometimes called works cited) usually include the bibliographic information such as the author, title, publisher, etc.
An annotation is a summary and/or evaluation.
Therefore, an annotated bibliography is a summary and/or evaluation of books, articles, websites, periodicals, etc. Each entry has a citation and is followed by a brief (usually about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy and quality of the sources cited. You can use the CARRDSS* method to help evaluate your sources and to write your annotations.
Suggestion for Writing Annotations:
Suggestion for Writing Annotations:
- C – Credibility - Who’s providing the information? What are the author’s credentials?
- A – Accuracy – Did you compare sources? Do the other sources support the information?
- R – Reliability – Is the information biased? Does it demonstrate someone’s point-of-view?
- R – Relevance – Does this answer my question or is it just excess info?
- D – Date – Can you find a date to see if this is recent enough to matter?
- S – Sources – Is a bibliography or works cited page provided so you can see where THEY got their info?
- S – Scope and Purpose – Why was this source/article created? Who is the intended audience?
*Schlessinger Media – Research Skills
Sample Annotated Bibliography
Sample Annotated Bibliography
Book Example
Blumenthan, Karen. Bootleg: Murder, Moonshine, and the Lawless Years of Prohibition. New York: Roaring Brook Press, 2011. Print.Book Example
This book outlines the nearly fourteen years of American history where an amendment to the constitution was virtually ignored by citizens. The law was supposed to prohibit the sale and manufacture of alcohol in the United States, but instead turned parents and kids into outlaws and celebrities. This book was written by a journalist and writer of several historical best sellers for young adults. Much of the information matched up to that from the ABC-Clio data base, but presented a different point of view. It showed how everyday people began making a living illegally selling liquor. It was helpful in my research to know the history of the alcohol industry and laws in the United States. This book is current as it was written in 2011 for young adult audiences. At the end of the book the author lists resources for temperance and alcohol, and an extensive list of sources for each of the chapters in her book.
Online Data Base Example
World Health Organization. "Society Should Focus on Reducing the Negative Impacts of Alcohol." Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gale, 2008. Web. 22 Sept. 2011.Online Data Base Example
According to the World Health Organization alcohol use contributes to workplace accidents and lower productivity, poverty, domestic violence and impairs people’s ability to function as a part of the family. This article is written by the World Health Organization and published in the database Opposing Viewpoints. Several of the claims of abuse were also mentioned in the Health and Wellness Resource Center database. The information in this article is biased against the use of alcohol consumption. That is its purpose. It will be very helpful for me to build a case against the use of alcohol. This article was published in 2008 and is current. It includes an extensive list for further readings. It is published in a database with a high school and college student audience to present evidence to stop alcohol use.
MLA Bibliographic Style – Quick Reference Guide
MLA Bibliographic Style – Quick Reference Guide
Format for the “Works Cited” section
Print Sources
Print Sources
A Book By One Author
Friedman, Thomas L. The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century. New York: Farrar, Straus Giroux, 2005. Print.A Book By One Author
A Book By Two Authors
Woodward, Bob and Carl Bernstein. The Final Days. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1976. Print.A Book By Two Authors
A Book with an Editor
Fountain, Nigel, ed. WWII: The People’s Story. New York: Reader’s Digest, 2003. Print. A Book with an Editor
Books in a Series
Williams, Mary E. ed. Immigration. Farmington Hills: Greenhaven Press, 2004. Print. Opposing Viewpoints Series.Books in a Series
Encyclopedia Article
Gates, David M. “Astronomy.” Encyclopedia American. 1996 ed. Print.Encyclopedia Article
Article from a Magazine
Simons, John. “Improbable Dreams.” U.S. News and World Report 22 Mar. 1997: 4-7. Print.Article from a Magazine
Article from a Newspaper
Pfarr, Tim. “Patriots Crank up Their Run to State to 11.” The Issaquah Press 01 Sept. 2010: B4-B5. Print.Article from a Newspaper
Electronic/Online Sources
Electronic/Online Sources
World Wide Web
World Wide Web
Format:
Author (if known). Title of the site or larger work. Sponsor and date of publication or last update. Medium and date of access.Example:
Pearce, Casey. NFL Internet Network, San Diego Chargers. 2009. Web. 09 Sept. 2009.Article in an Online Encyclopedia
Rose, Richard. "Elizabeth II." World Book Online Reference Center. 2006. Web. 18 Sept. 2007. Article in an Online Encyclopedia
Article in an Online Magazine/Newspaper
Smith, Jane. “Who Really Invented the Internet?” Web Weekly Harvard Medical School. 26 Feb. 2001. Web. 04 Sept 2009. Article in an Online Magazine/Newspaper
Online Book
Milton, John. Paradise Lost: Book I. Poetry Foundation.org. Poetry Foundation, 2008. Web. 08 Sept. 2009. Online Book
Work from a Database
Work from a Database
Format:
Author. “Article Title.” Original source of article. Date of original source: n. page. Name of Database. Web. Date of access. Format:
Example:
Faircloth, Anne, and Ed Brown. “The Best Cities for Business.” Fortune 23 Nov. 1999: 142-45+. ProQuest. Web. 18 Sept. 2009.Google Sites
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