This study documents that the congestion tax policy in Chicago significantly curtails overall ridesourcing demand but marginally alleviates traffic congestion. Moreover, considerable heterogeneity exists. For example, the policy notably reduces ridesourcing demand with short travel distances, but such an impact is gradually attenuated as the distance increases.

This study shows that a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentrations leads to a 2.5% reduction in dockless bike-sharing (DBS) usage in Chengdu, China. Furthermore, such adverse effects are particularly pronounced among young DBS users, during non-peak hours, for long-distance trips, and in census tracts with low housing prices.

This study reveals that the fare-free public transport (FFPT) program in Fuzhou, China, reduces fine particulate (PM2.5) concentrations by 0.332 µg/m3 (2.1 %) in the short run. Furthermore, the program leads to an increase of 129,486 rides (49.8%) in daily subway ridership. Back-of-the-envelope calculations indicate that the health benefits brought by the FFPT program through air quality improvements, including reduced mortality and healthcare expenditures, amount to about 3.09 billion Chinese yuan (or 478.92 million US dollars) annually, which is six times the loss of fare revenue.