Leviticus 11:1-47
Clean and Unclean Food
1 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, 2 “Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat: 3 You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.
4 “‘There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them. The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. 5 The hyrax, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. 6 The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. 7 And the pig, though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. 8 You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.
9 “‘Of all the creatures living in the water of the seas and the streams you may eat any that have fins and scales. 10 But all creatures in the seas or streams that do not have fins and scales—whether among all the swarming things or among all the other living creatures in the water—you are to regard as unclean. 11 And since you are to regard them as unclean, you must not eat their meat; you must regard their carcasses as unclean. 12 Anything living in the water that does not have fins and scales is to be regarded as unclean by you.
13 “‘These are the birds you are to regard as unclean and not eat because they are unclean: the eagle,[a] the vulture, the black vulture, 14 the red kite, any kind of black kite, 15 any kind of raven, 16 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 17 the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18 the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey, 19 the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.
20 “‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are to be regarded as unclean by you. 21 There are, however, some flying insects that walk on all fours that you may eat: those that have jointed legs for hopping on the ground. 22 Of these you may eat any kind of locust, katydid, cricket or grasshopper. 23 But all other flying insects that have four legs you are to regard as unclean.
24 “‘You will make yourselves unclean by these; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening. 25 Whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.
26 “‘Every animal that does not have a divided hoof or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you; whoever touches the carcass of any of them will be unclean. 27 Of all the animals that walk on all fours, those that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening. 28 Anyone who picks up their carcasses must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening. These animals are unclean for you.
29 “‘Of the animals that move along the ground, these are unclean for you: the weasel, the rat, any kind of great lizard, 30 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the wall lizard, the skink and the chameleon. 31 Of all those that move along the ground, these are unclean for you. Whoever touches them when they are dead will be unclean till evening. 32 When one of them dies and falls on something, that article, whatever its use, will be unclean, whether it is made of wood, cloth, hide or sackcloth. Put it in water; it will be unclean till evening, and then it will be clean. 33 If one of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean, and you must break the pot. 34 Any food you are allowed to eat that has come into contact with water from any such pot is unclean, and any liquid that is drunk from such a pot is unclean. 35 Anything that one of their carcasses falls on becomes unclean; an oven or cooking pot must be broken up. They are unclean, and you are to regard them as unclean. 36 A spring, however, or a cistern for collecting water remains clean, but anyone who touches one of these carcasses is unclean. 37 If a carcass falls on any seeds that are to be planted, they remain clean. 38 But if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.
39 “‘If an animal that you are allowed to eat dies, anyone who touches its carcass will be unclean till evening. 40 Anyone who eats some of its carcass must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening. Anyone who picks up the carcass must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.
41 “‘Every creature that moves along the ground is to be regarded as unclean; it is not to be eaten. 42 You are not to eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it moves on its belly or walks on all fours or on many feet; it is unclean. 43 Do not defile yourselves by any of these creatures. Do not make yourselves unclean by means of them or be made unclean by them. 44 I am the Lord your God; consecrate yourselves and be holy, because I am holy. Do not make yourselves unclean by any creature that moves along the ground. 45 I am the Lord, who brought you up out of Egypt to be your God; therefore be holy, because I am holy.
46 “‘These are the regulations concerning animals, birds, every living thing that moves about in the water and every creature that moves along the ground. 47 You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between living creatures that may be eaten and those that may not be eaten.’”
The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Tell the Israelites: These are the animals you can eat: If an animal has hooves that are split into two parts, and if that animal also chews the cud, then you may eat the meat from that animal...“Some animals chew the cud, but they don’t have split hooves...Don’t eat these animals...Camels, rock badgers, and rabbits are like that, so they are unclean for you...Other animals have hooves that are split into two parts, but they don’t chew the cud...Don’t eat these animals...Pigs are like that, so they are unclean for you...Don’t eat the meat from these animals...Don’t even touch their dead bodies!...They are unclean for you...
“You may eat everything that lives in the sea or in a river that has fins and scales...But you must not eat anything that lives in the sea or in a river and does not have fins and scales...Just the thought of eating such a creature should make you sick...This will never change...So don’t ever eat meat from anything like that...Don’t even touch its dead body!...It is a sickening thought for you to touch anything that lives in the water and does not have fins and scales...
“You must also treat some birds as things that are wrong to eat...Stay away from them...It is a sickening thought for you to eat any of these birds: eagles, vultures, buzzards, kites, all kinds of falcons, all kinds of black birds, ostriches, nighthawks, sea gulls, all kinds of hawks, owls, cormorants, great owls, water hens, pelicans, carrion vultures, storks, all kinds of herons, hoopoes, and bats...
“Don’t eat insects that have wings and crawl...Even the thought of eating them should make you sick!...But you may eat insects if they have legs with joints above their feet so that they can jump...You may also eat all kinds of locusts, all kinds of winged locusts, all kinds of crickets, and all kinds of grasshoppers...“But stay away from all the other insects that have wings and crawl...They will make you unclean...If you touch the dead bodies of these insects, you will become unclean until evening...If you pick up one of these dead insects, you must wash your clothes...You will be unclean until evening...
Some animals have split hooves, but the hooves don’t make exactly two parts...Some animals don’t chew the cud...Some animals don’t have hooves—they walk on their paws...All these animals are unclean for you...If you touch them, you will become unclean until evening...If you pick up the dead bodies of these unclean animals, you must wash your clothes...You will be unclean until evening...These animals are unclean for you...
“These small animals are unclean for you: moles, mice, all kinds of great lizards, geckos, crocodiles, lizards, sand reptiles, and chameleons...Whoever touches their dead bodies will be unclean until evening...
“If any of these unclean animals dies and falls on something, that thing will become unclean...It might be something made from wood, cloth, leather, or sackcloth...Whatever it is or is used for, it must be washed with water...It will be unclean until evening...Then it will become clean again...If any of these unclean animals dies and falls into a clay dish, anything in the dish will become unclean...And you must break the dish...If water from the unclean clay dish touches any food, that food will become unclean...Any drink in the unclean dish will become unclean...If any part of a dead, unclean animal falls on something, that thing is unclean...It may be a clay oven or a clay baking pan...It must be broken into pieces...These things will remain unclean...They will always be unclean for you...
“A spring or a well that collects water will remain clean, but anyone who touches the dead bodies of any unclean animal in that water will become unclean...If any part of a dead, unclean animal falls on seed that is to be planted, that seed is still clean...But if you put water on some seed and if any part of a dead, unclean animal falls on those seeds, they are unclean for you...“Also, if an animal which you use for food dies, whoever touches its dead body will be unclean until evening...If you eat meat from this animal’s body, you must wash your clothes...You will be unclean until evening...If you pick up the dead body of the animal, you must wash your clothes...You will be unclean until evening...
“You must treat all the crawling animals that live on the dirt as disgusting things that you must not eat...You must not eat any of the reptiles that crawl on their bellies or that walk on all four feet or that have many feet...Don’t eat these animals!...Don’t let them make you filthy...You must not become unclean, because I AM the LORD your God...I AM Holy, so you should keep yourselves Holy...Don’t make yourselves unclean with these crawling things...I, the LORD, brought you out of Egypt so that you could be My special people and I could be your God...I AM Holy, so you must be Holy too.”...
These are the rules about all the tame animals, birds, all the animals in the sea, and all the animals that crawl on the ground...These rules will help the people know which animals are unclean and which animals they are allowed to eat and which ones they cannot eat...