During medical school, our seniors often told us that the easiest way to remember something is to understand it. And rightly so, when I came across the Ophthalmology Lecture Notes textbook as a student I realised that the key to studying ophthalmology is simply understanding the basic pathophysiological and anatomical processes.

The Ophthalmology Lecture Notes series, up to the 12th edition, is one that is not intended to cover all of ophthalmology. Rather, it is aimed at students (especially those in final year) that want to understand the key, common ophthalmological presentations and conditions without reading too much outside of their undergraduate curriculum.At the start of each chapter, the book highlights the learning outcome(s) which allows you to tailor your learning according to your curriculum.


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The initial chapters cover basic eye anatomy, followed by chapters covering the major ophthalmic history and examination in a clear, detailed manner. The other chapters are titled according to the relevant anatomical structure, e.g. the eyelids, the lacrimal system, etc. This edition also has chapters that cover trauma and tropical ophthalmology.

The final chapter of the book is a compilation of clinical cases, covering adult, paediatric, common and acute presentations in ophthalmology. This is particularly useful if you are looking to learn or revise using a problem-based approach. If you are looking for a concise, visual guide for a solid foundation of ophthalmology or to revise key points before your finals, then this textbook is undoubtedly a worthy investment.

To further add on, many lecturers are now routinely publishing lecture handouts on the web for students to access. This method of dissemination of information may provide many advantages over conventional paper-based distribution as it provides links to other online materials.[6] The technological advancement has made all the other methods redundant in the sense that students can learn at their own pace, contact the lecturer anytime, they want to post him questions and get an answer, explanation or clarification from the lecturer. At the same time, the learning process is made easier by providing the students all the information in presentation slides.

Handouts could be a valuable aid to guide the students to study in an organized way and is easy for them to cope with their exam stress.[7] Writing in the blank spaces in handout during a lecture allows the students to be alert and active, and they learn by writing.[8]

Table 1 reveals that the posttest score (4.85  0.363 in skeleton handout and 2.61  0.771 in full lecture handout) were significantly increased in comparison to respective pretest scores (1.85  1.275 in skeleton handouts and 1.92  1.09 in full lecture handouts) [Table 2].

Provision of full slide presentation has decreased the students attentiveness as they already have the notes on what the lecturer is going to teach in the class with the belief that they can always refer to it at their leisure. However, the skeleton handouts will provide an opportunity for the students to ponder over the subject and increase the understanding of the subject by the scaffold given. The students who were given skeletal handouts out-performed when compared with students who were not given.[9,10] In our study, the mean post-test value was significantly higher when the students were given skeleton handouts, which were similar to the one was done by Russell et al.[11] They have concluded that learning by medical students was improved when they recorded notes in class. However, the majority of the students in our study, preferred to have full handout; probably for their easy referral during the examination. When students are given full handouts, they often substitute this for class attendance and are less likely to attend the lecture, which sometimes is disheartening to the lecturer.[11] Perhaps the compromise that best assists students is the provision of partial or guided notes. Skeleton outlines or handouts can provide a scaffold for accurate student note-taking while still requiring their attention, active engagement, and attendance. Guided rather than complete notes provided prior to class time can also allow students to prepare and review material for concepts in need of further explanation[12] with the added benefits of increasing student engagement with the content and improving their accuracy of note-taking.

It has been stated in one of the literatures that the students who generated their own outlines or study questions learned more from a lecture than did students who used materials provided by the lecturer.[13]

The result is a book that remains the most compact yet comprehensive guide to ophthalmology. It will appeal to medical students, junior doctors, optometry students, practising opticians, general practitioners, and ophthalmic nurses who want a concise introduction to the subject or an ideal revision companion.

"The Lecture Notes series has always been a useful source for revision and this ophthalmology edition is not an exception. With an excellent balance of text, diagrams and colour photographs this book gives the reader an overview of the most important features of ophthalmology...I would definitely recommend it."

In 1961, Eye and Ear ophthalmologist, Dr John Colvin started giving comprehensive lectures. For 35 years he inspired generations of medical students to learn more about ophthalmology. Today, these important learning and development opportunities continue.

The John Colvin Ophthalmology Lecture Series is pitched for delivery at the level of a general medical graduate, and will cover a range of ophthalmology topics and conditions. Our next Ophthalmology Lecture Series will commence Tuesday 2 May 2023 via Zoom video broadcast, and will run for 6 weeks.

Students will need to register their attendance in advance, and will need to watch a pre-viewing of the recorded lecture to participate in the live online lecture. The live online lecture will not be recorded.

An introduction to ophthalmology lecture is available here: , and an additional introductory resource focusing on clinical optics is here: These videos will provide students with a brief background of what ophthalmology is all about! Please note that this talk was recorded for the 2022 course.

This lecture note will serve as a practical guideline for the hard-pressed mid-level health workers. We hope that it will be a good introduction to eye diseases for health science students working in Ethiopia. This note covers the following topics: basic anatomy and physiology of the eye, basic examination of the eye, external eye diseases, differential diagnosis of red eye, community ophthalmology, eye injuries and systemic disease and the eye.

Wild, Derk Sven Gard; Kucur, Serife Seda; Sznitman, Raphael (2017). Spatial Entropy Pursuit for Fast and Accurate Perimetry Testing. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 58(9), pp. 3414-3424. Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 10.1167/iovs.16-21144

Dysli, Chantal-Simone; Quellec, Gwnol; Abegg, Mathias; Menke, Marcel N; Wolf-Schnurrbusch, Ute; Kowal, Horst Jens; Blatz, Johannes; La Schiazza, Olivier; Leichtle, Alexander Benedikt; Wolf, Sebastian; Zinkernagel, Martin S (2014). Quantitative analysis of fluorescence lifetime measurements of the macula using the fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscope in healthy subjects. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 55(4), pp. 2106-2113. Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 10.1167/iovs.13-13627

Otesteanu, Corin F.; Robledo, Lucio; Zinkernagel, Martin; Sznitman, Raphael; Mrquez Neila, Pablo (6 January 2023). Retinal image registration approach in optical coherence tomography and fluorescence imaging (In Press). Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology e24fc04721

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