Greetings in 3400 Languages

A greeting is a starting point. It is a way to initiate a conversation, to acknowledge a friend, or to meet someone new. It is also often one of the first things people want to learn when they begin learning a foreign language. This website is likewise a starting point intended to initiate conversations, acknowledge the linguistic diversity of the world, introduce people to new languages they may not have encountered before, and promote further language learning.

At this site you can learn how to say greetings (equivalent to "hello", "how are you?", "welcome", "good morning", and other forms of greeting) in thousands of different languages and dialects. This is the updated version of the website found at http://users.elite.net/runner/jennifers, which I am no longer updating. The purpose of this list is to promote intercultural communication and understanding, and to increase awareness of the linguistic diversity around the world. My goal is to include every language, so that people will be able to stay at least a few words to anyone they meet, anywhere in the world. Some of the translations on this site come from resources not available online, or resources not available in English; therefore, an additional purpose of this site is to make those translations available online to an English-speaking audience.

Ethnologue, 24th Edition lists 7,139 languages spoken in the world. Approximately 47% percent of these languages are included on this website as of November 2021 (3,400 languages). This page contains languages that begin with the letter H; there are 87 languages on this page. Please use the links at the top to find languages that begin with each letter of the alphabet, or use the search icon at the top of any page (or click here) to search for a language name, country name, or greeting.

If you have any corrections or additions to this site, or for information about use of the materials found on this site, please contact me using the email address at the bottom of the page.

Ha [haq] (Tanzania: Kigoma Province.)

Ulimo (general greeting)

Kavubu (general greeting)

Mwakeye (morning greeting)

Mwidiwe (afternoon greeting)

Ulakomeye? (how are you? spoken to one person)

Ndakomeye (reply to Ulakomeye)

Mlakomeye? (how are you? spoken to a group)

Tulakomeye (reply to Malakomeye)

Wakhe (general greeting in the Ujiji dialect)

Wakhe wakhe (general greeting in the Ujiji dialect)

Nama sanga? (how are you? in the Ujiji dialect)

Shishumbe (how are you? in the Ujiji dialect)

Muami (reply to Shishumbe)

Habun [hbu] (East Timor.)

Hian ka lae? (how are you?)

Hadiyya [hdy] (Ethiopia: Gurage, Kambatta, Hadiyya region.)

Tumma (general greeting)

Enkirietè (how are you?)

Hadza [hts] (Tanzania: Singida.)

Mutana (general greeting)

Mutana bawa (general greeting spoken to a man)

Mutana aya (general greeting spoken to a woman)

Shayamu (morning greeting)

Tsifuya kwa (afternoon greeting)

Itikwa ta? (how are you?)

Itlikwa ta? (how are you?)

Bocho etzana (welcome greeting)

Bocho bocho (welcome greeting)

Haida, Northern [hdn] (Canada: Haida Gwaii. United States: Alaska.)

Sánuu dáng gíidang? (general greeting)

Gasán uu dáng gíidang? (general greeting)

Díi 'láagang (reply to Sánuu dáng gíidang and Gasán uu dáng gíidang spoken by one person)

Íitl' 'láagang (reply to Sánuu dáng gíidang and Gasán uu dáng gíidang spoken by a group of people)

Haida, Southern [hax] (Canada: Haida Gwaii.)

Sàn uu dàng giidang? (general greeting)

Kii te daas a (general greeting)

Sing laan laas (morning greeting)

Dalanghl askadung (welcome greeting)

Hai||om [hgm] (Namiba.)

Am thai (general greeting)

Mati sa? (how are you?)

ǂKhai tsi? (how are you?)

ǂKhai ta go (reply to ǂKhai tsi)

!Gãise? (how are you?)

!Khub õase (general greeting, literally "nothing bad to tell")

Haisla [has] (Canada: British Columbia.)

Yawċ (general greeting)

Yawċ wagwa (greeting spoken to a friend)

Si 'ix ġwailásus a? (how are you?)

Nna, 'ix ġwailásgenc (reply to Si 'ix ġwailásus a)

Haitian [hat] (Haiti.)

Bonjou (general greeting)

Bonjou msieu (respectful greeting spoken to a man)

Bonjou konpè-m (greeting spoken to a friend)

Alò (general greeting)

Bonswa (afternoon and evening greeting)

Bon nuit (nighttime greeting)

Bòn nouyit (nighttime greeting)

Koman ou ye? (how are you?)

Sak pase? (how are you?)

Ki jan ou ye? (how are you?)

Mwen byen (reply to Koman ou ye, Sak pase, and Ki jan ou ye)

M'ap boule (informal reply to Koman ou ye, Sak pase, and Ki jan ou ye)

Mwen byen (reply to Koman ou ye, Sak pase, and Ki jan ou ye)

Byenvini (welcome greeting)

V byenvini (welcome greeting)

Byenvenu (welcome greeting)

N bèlantre (welcome greeting)

Hajong [haj] (India. Bangladesh.)

কেংকা আছে? (kengka ase: how are you?)

তই আহিলে? (toy ahile: greeting to a person who is arriving, "you came")

তই কেংকা আছে? (toy kengka ase: how are you?)

মই ভালা আছ (moy bhala ase: reply to তই আহিলে and তই কেংকা আছে)

Hakö [hao] (Papua New Guinea: Buka Island.)

Tsibongbong (morning greeting)

Tsisoahasa (noontime greeting)

Ulan uniga (noontime greeting)

Tsilehe (afternoon greeting)

Tsibong (nighttime greeting)

A le niga num? (how are you?)

Lue niga num? (how are you?)

Aa ko niga nig (reply to Lue niga num)

Halang [hal] (Vietnam: Kon Tum Province. Laos: Attopeu Province.)

Aih ay liem lay di? (how are you?)

Au da ay liem (reply to Aih ay liem lay di)

Halbi [hlb] (central India.)

Nameska lago (general greeting; written as नामेसका लागो)

Tui kasan aasees? (how are you?)

Me achha se (reply to Tui kasan aasees)

Halia [hla] (Papua New Guinea: Buka Island.)

A tsi bongbong (morning greeting)

Tsi bongbong (morning greeting)

A tsi soasa (noontime greeting)

Tsi soasa (noontime greeting)

A tsi lahi (afternoon greeting)

Tsi lahi (afternoon greeting)

A tsi bong (nighttime greeting)

Tsi bong (nighttime greeting)

Nigam? (how are you?)

Halkomelem [hur] (Canada.)

'Uy skweyul (general greeting)

Kwéleches (general greeting)

Law (informal greeting)

Lichewx we éyo? (how are you?)

Tsel we éyo (reply to Lichewx we eyo)

Tsats'el éy (reply to Lichewx we eyo)

'I ch 'uw' 'uy' 'al'? (how are you? to one person)

'I cun (reply to 'I ch 'uw' 'uy' 'al')

'I 'u ce:p 'uw' 'eli' 'al'? (how are you? to a group of people)

'I ct 'uw' 'eli' 'al' (reply to 'I 'u ce:p 'uw' 'eli' 'al')

Hwi'yu'nem ch (general greeting in the Lyackson dialect)

Iich'uwuyul (general greeting in the Nanaimo dialect)

Hamer-Banna [amf] (Ethiopia.)

Nagaya (general greeting)

Nagayau (general greeting)

N'gaya (general greeting)

Änato (greeting spoken to a group of people)

Donzanato (greeting spoken to a group of elders)

Bami (greeting spoken by one man to another man, if they have never gone hunting together)

Nanato (greeting and term of address spoken to a group of children)

Morkonato (greeting and term of address spoken to a group of children)

Marrato (greeting and term of address spoken to a group of boys or young men)

Yeria (greeting and term of address spoken to a young child, "growing up quickly")

Anza (greeting and term of address spoken to a young girl, "girl")

Anzanato (greeting and term of address spoken to a group of women)

Imbo (greeting and term of address spoken to one's father or father's younger brothers)

Indo (greeting and term of address spoken to one's mother or mother's younger sisters)

Äke (greeting and term of address spoken to one's grandfather and older uncles)

Ako (greeting and term of address spoken to one's grandmother and older aunts)

Ishmo (greeting and term of address spoken to one's older brother and older male cousins)

Ishimo (greeting and term of address spoken to one's older sister and older female cousins)

Abo (greeting and term of address spoken to one's mother's brother)

Ikana (greeting and term of address spoken to one's younger brother)

Ikano (greeting and term of address spoken to one's younger sister)

Woi (reply spoken by a man)

Yo (reply spoken by a woman or by a group of people)

Ya payau? (how are you; "are you well?")

Hamtai [hmt] (Papua New Guinea: Gulf Province.)

Awi (general greeting)

Awina (general greeting)

Hän [haa] (United States: Dawson City. Canada: Yukon Territory.)

Nänjit dähònch’e? (how are you? to one person)

Shänjit hozo (reply to Nänjit dähònch’e)

Nëkhwänjit dähònch’e? (how are you? to a group of people)

Niyänjit hozo (reply to Nëkhwänjit dähònch’e)

Juk kàhmän' nänjit dähònch’e? (how are you this morning? to one person)

K’ähmänt hozo (morning greeting)

K’ämänt hozo (morning greeting)

Drin tätl’ät dähozo (afternoon greeting)

Khäwts’ä’ hozo (evening greeting)

Nëkhwëtr’ënoh’ąy häjit shò tr’ìnląy (welcome greeting, "we are happy to see you")

Hanga [hag] (Ghana: Damongo District.)

Ansa (general greeting)

Ansumaa (morning greeting)

Antiree (midday greeting)

Anuula (evening greeting)

Awoo (reply to Ansa, Ansumaa, Antiree, and Anuula)

A ni e tuma (greeting spoken to a person who is working)

A ni ti dabaayi (greeting spoken to a person whom you haven't seen for a few days)

A ni ti yuma (greeting spoken to a person whom you haven't seen in a long time)

A ni e taabu (welcome greeting)

Hanga Hundi [wos] (Papua New Guinea: East Sepik Province.)

Eauedo (general greeting)

Hangaza [han] (Tanzania: northwestern region.)

Mwalamtse (general greeting)

Mwalai (morning greeting)

Mwarai (morning greeting)

Mwidiwe (midday greeting)

Hani [hni] (China; Yunan.

Nol meeq ngal meeq (general greeting; calque from Chinese)

Nol meeq nga (general greeting; calque from Chinese; also written as 诺们阿)

Weiq (general greeting; from Chinese)

Nol meeq nga laq? ("how are you?")

Ngal meeq nga (reply to Nol meeq nga laq, "I'm fine")

Nol coljol sal ya'laq? ("how are you? are you healthy?")

Coljol sal yaq? ("how are you? are you healthy?")

Sal ya (reply to Nol coljol sal ya'laq and Coljol sal yaq, "I am healthy")

Sal ya lil (reply to Nol coljol sal ya'laq and Coljol sal yaq, "I am healthy")

Zaq al laq ("have you eaten?")

Zaq al (reply to Zaq al laq, "I have eaten")

Aoqsoq meeq (morning greeting)

Keel lavq saq al (thank you)

Hano [lml] (Vanuatu: North Pentecost, Maewa.)

Rantavahu (morning greeting)

Rani (morning greeting)

Bontavahu (nighttime greeting)

Bongi (nighttime greeting)

Kun hanigi? (how are you?)

Nu tavuha (reply to Kun hanigi)

Gom ban behe? (where are you going?)

Gom ban hala behe? (where are you going?)

Gom mai behe? (where have you come from?)

Gom mai hala behe? (where have you come from?)

Hanunoo [hnn] (Philippines: Southern Oriental Mindoro.)

Mayad karawang sirang (general daytime greeting)

Mayad pagsurip (morning greeting)

Mayad pagyabi (evening greeting)

Anong aypod upadan (welcome greeting spoken to a friend)

Sarin ka pagmangginan? (literally, "where did you come from?")

Harari [har] (Ethiopia: Harar and Addis Ababa.)

Aman (general greeting)

Aman be kero (morning greeting)

Aman be hedero (nighttime greeting)

Aman hadarkhu? (how are you? in the morning)

Aman wa'alkhu? (how are you? in the evening)

Amanta kea? (how are you? spoken to a man)

Amanta shea? (how are you? spoken to a woman)

Amanta khu? (how are you? formal)

Amanta khi? (how are you? informal)

Aman íntana (reply to Amanta khu and Amanta khi)

Hují min war hal? (what's new?)

Aman inta hují (reply to Huji min war hal)

Haroi [hro] (Vietnam: Binh Dinh and Phu Yen.)

Salam (general greeting)

Ayuong hmau mieng pral suh? (how are you?)

Mieng pral min (reply to Ayuong hmau mieng pral suh)

Harsusi [hss] (Oman: Dhofar.)

Wessalaam (general greeting)

Wessalaam 'aleek (general greeting)

Haryanvi [bgc] (India.)

Namaste (general greeting)

Aur ke halchal hai? (how are you?)

Me teek thak (reply to Aur ke halchal hai)

Tu kese he? (how are you?)
Me teek hun (reply to Tu kese he)

Ke haal se? (how are you?)

Ki gyan sai? (how are you? in the Jatu dialect)

Tu kaisa sai? (how are you? in the Jatu dialect)

Hassaniyya [mey] (Mauritania.)

Salaam alaikum (general greeting)

Wa alaikum issalaam (reply to Salaam alaikum)

'Laikum bassalaam (reply to Salaam alaikum)

Iyak labas (general greeting

Labas (general greeting)

Labas (reply to Iyak labas and Labas)

Ehlen (informal greeting)

Ish haal issbaah (morning greeting)

Ish haal limgiil (afternoon greeting)

Ish haal limbaat (evening greeting)

Masa elher (evening greeting)

Ish haalak? (how are you?)

Sh'halak? (how are you?)

Labas meshaallah (reply to Ish haalak and Sh'halak)

Ish tari? (how are you?)

Iyak ilkhayr? (how are you?)

Ilkhayr ilhamdulillah (reply to Iyak ilkhayr)

Kaifek? (how are you?)

Marhbe (welcome greeting)

Marhaba (welcome greeting)

Assalam alaiku (general greeting in the Nemadi dialect)

Kayfa haluku? (how are you? in the Nemadi dialect)

Hatam [had] (Indonesia: West Papua.)

Acemo (general greeting)

Hausa [hau] (various countries in West Africa.)

Sànnu (general greeting)

Sànnuku (general greeting to a group of people)

Yâuwa sànnu (reply to Sànnu and Sànnuku)

Yâuwa (reply to Sànnu and Sànnuku)

Sànnu kàadai (reply to Sànnu and Sànnuku)

Sàlamù àlaikùn (general greeting used by Muslims)

A gaishai ka (formal greeting)

Rânkà yà dade (to a male superior)

Rânkì yà dade (to a female superior)

Barkà dai (informal greeting)

Barkà dà kwana (morning greeting)

Barkà dà safe (morning greeting)

Barkà dà asuba (morning greeting)

Inaa kwaanaa (morning greeting)

Lafiya lau (reply to Inaa kwaanaa)

Sànnu dà yâmma (morning greeting)

Yâuwa (reply to Sànnu dà yâmma)

Barkà dà rana (noontime greeting)

Inaa yini (afternoon greeting)

Inaa ini (afternoon greeting in the Tahoua dialect [hau-wes])

Inaa wini (afternoon greeting in the Dogondoutchi dialect [hau-wes])

Inaa wuni (afternoon greeting in the Maradi, Agadez, Zinder, and Diffa dialects [hau-nor])

Barkà dà yâmma (afternoon and evening greeting)

Barkà kàdai (reply to Barkà dà yâmma)

Sànnu dà aiki (greeting spoken to a person working)

Kana lafiya? (how are you? spoken to a man)

Kina lafiya? (how are you? spoken to a woman)

Lafiya lau (reply to Kana lafiya and Kina lafiya)

Ina gajiya? (how are you?, how is the tiredness?)

Ba gajiya (reply to Ina gajiya (no tiredness))

Ya ya dai? (how are you? informal)

Maràbaa (welcome greeting)

Sannu da zuwa (welcome greeting)

Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai [yuf] (United States of America: Arizona.)

Tchew ko mew (general greeting in the Havasupai dialect [yuf-hav])

Ko new (general greeting in the Havasupai dialect [yuf-hav])

Gamyu (general greeting in the Walapai dialect [yuf-wal])

Gamyu je? (general greeting in the Walapai dialect [yuf-wal])

M’hahm jik’gah (general greeting in the Yavapai dialect [yuf-yav])

Mah-hŏmgah (general greeting in the Yavapai dialect [yuf-yav])

Hŏmgah (general greeting in the Yavapai dialect [yuf-yav])

Ahŏnii (reply to Mah-hŏmgah and Hŏmgah in the Yavapai dialect [yuf-yav])

Gum-yuuhj'jih (greeting spoken to a group of people in the Yavapai dialect [yuf-yav])

Duu-ahon'jih (reply to Gum-yuuhj'jh in the Yavapai dialect [yuf-yav])

Hawaiian [haw] (United States of America: Hawaii.)

Aloha (general greeting)

Aloha mai (general greeting)

Welina (general greeting)

Welina mai (general greeting)

Aloha kakahiaka (morning greeting; calque from English; not often used)

Aloha awakea (noontime greeting; calque from English; not often used)

Aloha 'auinala (afternoon greeting; calque from English; not often used)

Aloha ahiahi (evening greeting; calque from English; not often used)

Pehea 'oe? (how are you? spoken to one person)

Pehea 'olua? (how are you? spoken to two people)

Pehea 'oukou? (how are you? spoken to three or more people)

Maika'i (reply to Pehea 'oe, Pehea 'olua, and Pehea 'oukou)

Aloha kākou (welcome greeting)

Hawai'i Creole English [hwc] (United States of America: Hawaii.)

Aloha (general greeting)

How you stay? (how are you?)

Howzit? (how are you?)

Howzit (reply to Howzit)

Hawu [hvn] (Indonesia: Nusa Tenggara.)

Helama (general greeting)

Helama tona ie (general greeting)

Helama ama oo (general greeting)

Helama djami a'e (morning greeting)

Helama rai dja'ami a'e (morning greeting)

Helama ne'tu lok'do (afternoon greeting)

Helama mak'da lok'do (afternoon greeting)

Helama mak'da (evening greeting)

Helama nga'a (nighttime greeting)

Haya [hay] (Tanzania: northwestern region.)

Wabonaki (general greeting)

Tinabonakantu (reply to Wabonaki)

Murembe (general greeting)

Talailota (morning greeting spoken to a man)

Malailota (morning greeting spoken to a woman)

Babaolailota (morning greeting spoken a person of equal age)

Tata olailota (morning greeting spoken to a man)

Mama olailota (morning greeting spoken to a woman)

Mae olailota (morning greeting spoken to a woman)

Olailota (reply to Talailota, Malailota, Babaolailota, Tata olailota, Mama olailota, Mae olailota)

Olailota oboineki (reply to Talailota, Malailota, Babaolailota, Tata olailota, Mama olailota, Mae olailota)

Tasibota (afternoon greeting spoken to a man)

Masibota (afternoon greeting spoken to a woman)

Wasibota (reply to Tasipota and Masipota)

Agasibayo? (how are you?)

Agaraileyo (reply to Agasibayo)

Twasibao (reply to Agasibayo)

Agandi? (how are you?)

Orige? (how are you?)

Ndige (reply to Orige)

Waguma? (how are you?)

Naguma (reply to Waguma)

Nyegera (welcome greeting)

Hazaragi [haz] (Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan.)

Salam alaikum (general greeting)

Sub tu bakhair (morning greeting)

Badi chashtu bakhair (afternoon greeting)

Chiz khel mukni? (how are you?)

Tu chiz khel mukni? (how are you?)

Tu chiz khel muni? (how are you?)

Chiz ad asti? (how are you?)

Ma kheli khubom (reply to Chiz ad asti)

Hdi [xed] (Cameroon.)

Zgú (general greeting)

Zgú tsa (general greeting)

Zgúwa tsa (general greeting)

Xànàxànáká rà? (morning greeting, "did you spend the night well?")

Hebrew [heb] (Israel.)

שָׁלוֹם (shalom: general greeting)

שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם (shalom aleichem: general greeting)

בֹּקֶר טוֹב (boker tov: morning greeting)

בּוֹקֵר אוֹר (boker or: reply to בֹּקֶר טוֹב)

אַחַר צָהֳרַיִם טוֹבִים (tzohora'im tovim: midday greeting)

עֶרֶב טוֹב (erev tov: evening greeting)

לַיְלָה טוֹב (laila tov: nighttime greeting)

מַה שְלוֹמְךָ (ma shlomcha: how are you? spoken to a man)

מַה שְלוֹמֶךְ (ma shlomech: how are you? spoken to a woman)

מַה שְלוֹמֵכֶם (ma shlomechem: how are you? spoken to a group of men)

מַה שְלוֹמֵכֶן (ma shlomechen: how are you? spoken to a group of women)

מַה נִשְמַע (ma nishma: how are you? informal)

מה ניש (ma nish: how are you? very informal, used in Tel Aviv)

טוב, תודה (tov toda: reply to מַה שְלוֹמְךָ, מַה שְלוֹמֶךְ, מַה שְלוֹמֵכֶם, מַה שְלוֹמֵכֶן, מַה נִשְמַע)

מַה קוֹרֶה (ma kore: how are you? literally "what's going on")

אֵיך הוֹלֵך (eikh holekh: how are you?, literally "how's it going?")

מָה הַמַּצָּב (ma hamatzav: how are you?, "what's the state of things")

ברוכים הבאים (baruchim haba'im: welcome greeting spoken to a group)

בָּרוּך הַבָּא (baruch haba: welcome greeting spoken to one person)

Hebrew, Ancient [hbo] (Israel.)

שָׁלוֹם (shalom: general greeting)

שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם (shalom aleichem: general greeting)

עֲלֵיכֶם שָׁלוֹם (aleichem shalom: reply to שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם)

Hehe [heh] (Tanzania: southeastern region.)

Sawu (general greeting)

Sau (general greeting)

Kamwene? (how are you?)

Kuhumige? (greeting to a visitor, literally "any news?"

Makamu kuhumige? (greeting to a visitor, literally "any news?")

Kunofu (reply to Kauwene, Kuhumige, and Makamu kuhumige)

Ukuali? (general greeting, literally "are you here")

Ndilipaha (reply to Ukuali)

Mnoge? (how are you?)

Ndimnofu (reply to Mnoge)

Ndauli? (how are you?)

Ale (reply to Ndauli)

Heiltsuk [hei] (Canada: British Columbia.)

Híỷaú (general greeting)

Wai (greeting used to call attention)

Giaxsixa (thank you)

Walas giaxsixa (thank you very much)

Helong [heg] (Indonesia: Timor Island.)

Bana tamlo? (general greeting)

Hema [nix] (Congo-Kinshasha: Orientale Province.)

Mirembe (general greeting)

Herdé [hed] (Chad.)

Ndu heä suà (general greeting spoken to a man)

Ndañ heä suà (general greeting spoken to a woman)

Momasu? (how are you?)

Anta bo (reply to Momasu)

Herero [her] (Namibia: Damaraland and Ovamboland.)

Koree (general greeting spoken by an older person to a younger person)

Kora (general greeting spoken by an older person to a younger person)

Koreya (general greeting spoken by an older person to a younger person)

Tjike (general greeting spoken by an older person to a younger person)

Moro (morning greeting spoken to one person)

Wa penduka (morning greeting spoken to one person)

Wa penduka nawa (morning greeting spoken to one person

Mwa penduka (morning greeting spoken to a group of people)

Mwa penduka nawa (morning greeting spoken to a group of people)

Wa rara nawa? (morning greeting spoken to one person, "did you sleep well?")

Mwa rara nawa? (morning greeting spoken to a group of people, "did you sleep well?")

Wa uhara (afternoon greeting spoken to one person)

Mwa uhara (afternoon greeting spoken to a group of people)

Wa uhara nawa (afternoon greeting spoken to one person)

Wa tokerua (evening greeting spoken to one person)

Wa tokerua nawa (evening greeting spoken to one person)

Mwa tokerua (evening greeting spoken to a group of people)

Mwa tokerua nawa (evening greeting spoken to a group of people)

Hwenda (evening greeting)

Peri vi? (how are you?)

Mbi ri nawa (reply to Peri vi)

Ame mbi ri nawa (reply to Peri vi)

Hidatsa [hid] (United States of America; Fort Berthold, North Dakota.)

Doosha? (general greeting, "how is it?")

Mabeedzagidz (general greeting, "it's a good day")

Nii doosha? (how are you?)

Nii doosha tsii? (how are you?)

Nii maara wa taa? (how are you?)

Higaonon [mba] (Philippines: Misamis Oriental.)

Madagway masolom (morning greeting)

Madagway ha masolom (morning greeting)

Madagway ha aldaw (daytime greeting)

Madagway mahapon (afternoon greeting)

Madagway daloman (evening greeting)

Madagway ha pag-uma (welcome greeting)

Hiligaynon [hil] (Philippines: Iloilo and Capiz.)

Maayong adlaw (general daytime greeting)

Maayong aga (morning greeting)

Maayong udto (noontime greeting)

Maayong hapon (afternoon greeting)

Maayong gabi-i (evening greeting)

Maayong sab (evening greeting)

Maayo (general greeting)

Halo (informal greeting)

Kamusta ka? (how are you?)

Kamusta ikaw? (how are you?)

Maayo man (reply to Kamusta ka and Kamusta ikaw)

Hindi [hin] (India.)

नमस्ते (namasté: general greeting)

नमस्कार (namaskaar: general greeting)

प्रणाम (praņaam: respectful greeting used by Hindus)

राम राम (raam raam: informal greeting used by Hindus)

सत श्री अकाल (sat sri akal: general greeting used by Sikhs)

आप कैसे हैं? (aap kaise hain: how are you? to a man)

आप कैसी हैं? (aap kaisi hain: how are you? to a woman)

तुम कैसे हो? (tum kaise ho: how are you? informal to a man)

तुम कैसी हो? (tum kaisi ho: how are you? informal to a woman)

आप ख़ैरियत से है? (aap kairiyat se hain: how are you?)

मैं ठीक हूँ (main thiik hun: reply to आप कैसे हैं, आप कैसी हैं, तुम कैसे हो, तुम कैसी हो, and आप ख़ैरियत से ह)

सुप्रभात (suprabhaat: morning greeting)

शुभ प्रभात (shubh prabhaat: morning greeting)

शुभ संध्या (shubh sundhyaa: evening greeting)

शुभ रात्रि (shubh ratri: nighttime greeting)

स्वागत (svaagat: welcome greeting)

स्वागत ह (svaagat hain: welcome greeting)

Hindi, Fiji [hif] (Fiji.)

Bula (general greeting; from Fijian)

Namaste (general greeting used by Hindus)

Raam raam (informal greeting used by Hindus)

Salaam (general greeting used by Muslims)

Salaam alaykum (general greeting used by Muslims)

Suprobhat (morning greeting)

Kaise? (how are you?)

Kaise hai? (how are you?)

Tum kaise hai? (how are you?)

Thiik (reply to Kaise, Kaise hai, and Tum kaise hai)

Thiik bhai (reply to Kaise, Kaise hai, and Tum kaise hai)

Ham thiik hai (reply to Kaise, Kaise hai, and Tum kaise hai)

Ham thiik hai, dhanyabaad (reply to Kaise, Kaise hai, and Tum kaise hai)

Swagat (welcome greeting)

Hindustani, Caribbean [hns] (Suriname. Trinidad amd Tobago. Guyana.)

Namaste (general greeting used by Hindus)

Paalagie (general greeting used by Hindus)

Raam raam (informal greeting used by Hindus)

Salaam (general greeting used by Muslims)

Salaam waleikoem (general greeting used by Muslims)

Raz ba-aish (general greeting used by Muslims)

Sitaram (general greeting used in Trinidad)

Sitarama (general greeting used in Trinidad)

Subh ba khair (morning greeting)

Kaisen hai? (how are you?)

Kaisan haal? (how are you?)

Achcha haal (reply to Kaisan haal)

Na kutch (reply to Kaisan haal)

Kaa ho laa? (informal greeting, "what's happening?")

Hittite [hit] (Syria: Anatolia.)

Aššuli (general greeting)

Aššu (general greeting)

Ultuḫéḫin (formal greeting)

Ana gìr bēliya ušteḫiḫin (formal greeting)

Hiw [hiw] (Vanuatu: Hiw Island.)

Metave wye (morning greeting)

Metave wye tekn̄wa (morning greeting spoken to a group)

N̄wëna? (how are you?)

Tego, në mer̄awe n̄wutuye (reply to N̄wëna)

Hmar [hmr] (India: Assam.)

Chibai (general greeting)

In um am? (general greeting when approaching a house)

Zingtieng tha (morning greeting)

Zingkar tha (morning greeting)

Znatieng tha (evening greeting)

I dam maw? (how are you?)

Aw ka dam (reply to I dam maw)

Aw ka dam thra (reply to I dam maw)

I dam naw? (how are you? in the Saihriem dialect)

Ka dam ie (reply to I dam naw)

Iem i ang a? (how are you?)

Lawmlut chibai (welcome greeting)

Hmong Daw [mww] (Laos and Thailand.)

Nyob zoo (general greeting)

Koj nyob licas? (how are you?)

Koj nyob licas lawm? (how are you?)

Kuv nyob zoo kaws (reply to Koj nyob licas lawm)

Koj puas nyob zoo? (how are you?, literally: "do you live well")

Kuv nyob zoo (reply to Koj puas nyob zoo)

Koj puas noj qab nyob zoo? (how are you?, literally: "do you eat and live well")

Kuv noj qab nyob zoo (reply to Koj puas noj qab nyob zoo)

Koj tuaj los? (welcome greeting, literally "you have come")

Kuv tuaj os (reply to Koj tuaj los)

Zoo siab txais tos (welcome greeting)

Zoo siab tos txais (welcome greeting)

Zoo siab txais tos koj tuaj (welcome greeting spoken to one person)

Zoo siab txais tos neb tuaj (welcome greeting spoken to two people)

Zoo siab txais tos nej tuaj (welcome greeting spoken to a group of people)

Hmong Dô [hmv] (Vietnam.)

Nhaoz jụng (general greeting spoken in the Lào Cai dialect)

Mờx aoz tus nhaoz jụng (general greeting spoken to two people in the Lào Cai dialect)

Caox tuôx lak (welcome greeting, literally "you have come")

Nhaoz jụng tsis jụng? (how are you? spoken in the Lào Cai dialect)

Caox mụngl hair tưs eik? (how are you? spoken in the Lào Cai dialect)

Caox nhaoz tsờr ar (greeting used when arriving at a house spoken in the Lào Cai dialect)

Caox nhaoz tsêr ar (greeting used when arriving at a house spoken in the Lào Cai dialect)

Hmong Njua [hnj] (Laos, Thailand, China, and Vietnam.)

Nyob zoo (general greeting; spelled Nhaoz jông in Vietnam)

Nyob zoo tsi zoo? (how are you?; spelled Nhaoz jông tsi jông in Vietnam)

Kuv nyob zoo (reply; spelled Caox nhaoz jông in Vietnam)

Koj puas nyob zoo? (how are you? used in Laos and Thailand)

Koj nyob le caag lawm? (how are you? used in Laos and Thailand)

Kuv nyob zoo kawg (reply to Koj nyob le caag lawm used in Laos and Thailand)

Koj puas noj qab nyob zoo? (how are you?, literally: "do you eat and live well" used in Laos and Thailand)

Kuv noj qab nyob zoo (reply to Koj puas noj qab nyob zoo used in Laos and Thailand)

Koj tuaj los? (welcome greeting, literally "you have come")

Kuv tuaj os (reply to Koj tuaj los)

Zoo sab txais tog (welcome greeting)

Zob zab tog txais (welcome greeting)

Zoo sab txais tog koj tuaj (welcome greeting spoken to one person)

Zoo sab txais tog meb tuaj (welcome greeting spoken to two people)

Zoo sab txais tog mej tuaj (welcome greeting spoken to a group of people)

Ho [hoc] (India.)

Ciye (general greeting)

Cige (general greeting)

Setha'a siŋgi jowar (morning greeting)

Aaben chilike mena bena? (how are you?)

Aalinj bugin geya linj (reply to Aaben chilike mena bena)

Okothema? (where are you going? spoken to one person)

Okothebena? (where are you going? spoken to two people)

Okothepea? (where are you going? spoken to a group)

Jowar (welcome greeting)

Ho-Chunk [win] (United States of America: Wisconsin and Nebraska.)

Haho (general greeting spoken by a man)

Ha'ų (general greeting spoken by a man)

Hįhą (general greeting spoken by a man to a group of people)

Hą (general greeting spoken by a woman)

Hąpra pį gają (general daytime greeting)

Hąpra gipįesge gają (general daytime greeting)

Hesgeno, hąpra gipįesge (reply to Hąpra gipįesge gają)

Hanįcara haipį (general greeting, literally: "I am happy to see you")

Hižą kišąną hinįkaragi winą (greeting spoken to a group of people)

Haini pį (morning greeting)

Jagu ąnak? (how are you?)

Janįsge raje? (how are you? spoken to a person who is standing up)

Janįsge rajawi? (how are you? spoken to a group of people who are standing up)

Janįsge šąnąk? (how are you? spoken to a person who is sitting down)

Janįsge hasanagwi? (how are you? spoken to a group of people who are sitting down)

Pį haų hajena (reply to Janįsge raje)

Pį ha'ųąje (reply to Janįsge raje)

Haizo (reply to Ja skak)

Ja skak? (how are you? informal)

Haizo (informal reply to Ja skak)

Hoava [hoa] (Solomon Islands: New Georgia.)

Vera la goe? (where are you going? spoken to one person)

Vera la gamu? (where are you going? spoken to a group)

Mae keke heta (greeting, "give me a betel nut", spoken to a family member or close friend)

Boni koleo (nighttime greeting)

Holu [hol] (Angola: Kwango River. Democratic Republic of the Congo: Bandundu Province.)

Tusangenu (welcome greeting)

Hopi [hop] (United States of America: Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico.)

Lolma (general greeting)

Lolamai (general greeting)

Is uni, um waynuma? (literally, "are you around?")

Um waynuma? (literally, "are you around?")

Owí, nu' waynuma (reply to Um waynuma)

Yaw, um pitu? (literally, "you have arrived?")

Um pitu? (literally, "you have arrived?")

Owí, nu' pitu (reply to Um pitu)

Owí (reply to Um pitu)

Um hinhinta? (how are you?)

Pi nu' qahinta (reply to Um hinhinta)

Horpa [ero] (China: Sichuan province.)

Məgə gəre necʰa? (morning greeting, "was your bed comfortable?")

Necʰa? (morning greeting, "comfortable?")

Nəcʰa (reply to Məgə gəre necʰa and Nəcʰa)

Gaśa giə (morning greeting)

Ñistśin giə (midday greeting)

Lẹñu giə (afternoon greeting)

Gzə giə (evening greeting)

Hote [hot] (Papua New Guinea: Morobe province.)

Waklêvôŋ mavi o (general daytime greeting; calque from English)

Lôkbôk mavi o (morning greeting; calque from English)

Bôlôvôŋ mavi o (evening greeting; calque from English)

Nu êsê? (where are you going?)

Hruso [hru] (India: Arunachal Pradesh.)

Ba khiña ya? (how are you?)

No uda (reply to Ba khiña ya)

Uda ma? (how are you?)

Huachipaeri [hug] (Peru.)

Í'chaki (general greeting in the Sapiteri dialect)

O'me'ate (morning greeting)

Ba'ai o'me'a'ate (morning greeting)

Wandak mbana ome (morning greeting in the Sapiteri dialect)

O'sika'te (afternoon greeting)

Mendpa dak moma'ë? (how are you?)

Wenpa wandak o'ê? (how are you?)

Menpa wandak yá'e? (how are you? in the Sapiteri dialect)

Wandak o'ê (reply to Wenpa wandak o'ê and Menpa wandak yá'e)

Huambisa [hub] (Peru: Morona and Santiago rivers.)

Pujumek (general greeting)

Pujujai (reply to Pujumek)

Turuasha (general greeting)

Tsawarumek (morning greeting)

Kintameawai (afternoon greeting)

Kintamrayi (nighttime greeting)

¿Pungkurait? (how are you?)

Uu pukuaiti (reply to Pungcurait)

¿Amesha pegkerak pujam? (how are you?)

¿Shirak matsatrum? (how are you?)

Penker kaunkaurme (welcome greeting)

Huarijío [var] (Mexico: Sierra Madre mountains.)

Kwíra (general greeting)

Yos kwíra (general greeting)

Yósi kwíra (general greeting)

Rios kwíra (general greeting)

Riosí kwíra (general greeting)

Tepóre amó yomága i'ká (formal greeting spoken to a group of people, literally "I greet all of you here")

Huasteco [hus] (Mexico: Veracruz.)

Nenek (general greeting)

Nenek, nenek (general greeting)

Tala wat'al (general greeting)

Talab wat'al (general greeting)

Te'ney in wat'al (general greeting)

Tajk'anenek (morning greeting)

Waklanenek (midday and afternoon greeting)

Aklanenek (evening greeting)

Thankunenek (nighttime greeting)

Janta uwats? (how are you?)

In kuajath alua (reply to Janta uwats)

Antawak? (how are you?)

Alua' i dajau (morning greeting in a 19th century dialect)

Alua' i wakal (afternoon greeting in a 19th century dialect)

Alua' i akal (nighttime greeting in a 19th century dialect)

Jantóni takuá? (how are you? in a 19th century dialect)

Aluattá, jabínchi (reply to Jantóni takuá in a 19th century dialect)

Huave, San Dionisio del Mar [hve] (Mexico: San Dionisio del Mar.)

Dios naxyujcharan (general greeting to a man, "[may] God [bless you], uncle")

Dios nandxyueyaran (general greeting to a woman, "[may] God [bless you], aunt")

Giñey ijlük? (how are you? to one person)

Giñey iljlükién? (how are you? to a group)

Ngej iremeb? (what are you doing? to one person)
Ngej iremebán? (what are you doing?) to a group

Ngüty tyipey? (greeting to a visitor, "when did you arrive?"

Huave, San Francisco del Mar [hue] (Mexico: San Francisco del Mar.)

Naty tyety (morning greeting spoken to a man)

Naty mam (morning greeting spoken to a woman)

Huave, Santa María del Mar [hvv] (Mexico: Santa María del Mar.)

Nüty tyety (morning greeting spoken to a man)

Nüty mam (morning greeting spoken to a woman)

Pañajt tyety (afternoon greeting spoken to a man)

Pañajt mam (afternoon greeting spoken to a woman)

Huave, San Mateo [huv] (Mexico: San Mateo del Mar.)

Ndios (general greeting)

Ndios teat (general greeting spoken to a man)

Ndik teat (general greeting spoken to a man)

Ndios müm (general greeting spoken to a woman)

Ndik müm (general greeting spoken to a woman)

Ndios ndik (general greeting)

Ndios ndik teat (general greeting spoken to a man)

Ndios ndik müm (general greeting spoken to a woman)

Ndik ikon (greeting spoken to a group of people)

Ndios ikon (greeting spoken to a group of people)

Ndios ikon teat-müm (greeting spoken to a group of people that includes men and women)

Ndios ikon teay-may (greeting spoken to a group of people that includes men and women)

Kanüy lerpeaye? (greeting spoken to a person who is arriving)

Ajaj (reply to Kanüy lerpeaye)

Ajaj, teat (reply to Kanüy lerpeaye spoken to a man)

Ajaj, müm (reply to Kanüy lerpeaye spoken to a woman)

Najneajay larraw (morning greeting)

Tamtámban ijlüye? (how are you?)

Tamtamban (reply to Tamtámban ijlüye)

Nguia erwiün? (where are you coming from?)

Nguiajip? (where are you going?)

Najneajay terwiünan (welcome greeting)

Huba [hbb] (Nigeria: Adamawa state.)

Àmà hì ɗànyà? (how are you? in the Hong dialect)

Àmà nyì ɗànyà? (how are you? general greeting in the Gaya dialect)

Huichol [hch] (Mexico: Nayarit and Jalisco.)

Ke'aku (general greeting)

Aixu yeme (reply to Ke'aku)

Ke'aku ne'iwá (greeting spoken to a friend)

Ke'aku ne'iwama (greeting spoken to a group of friends)

'Aixɨ kunetɨ (general greeting)

'Aixɨ kuanéetɨ (general greeting)

Kepetiupariyarie morning greeting to one person)

Kexeteupariyarie (morning greeting to a group of people)

Kepetiutaikaiyarɨwa (afternoon greeting to one person)

Kexeteutaikaiyarɨwa (afternoon greeting to a group of people)

Kepetiuyɨriwarɨwa (nighttime greeting to one person)

Kexeteuyɨriwarɨwa (nighttime greeting to a group of people)

Ke pepeutɨa? (where are you going?)

'Aixɨ xeteu'erieka? (how are you?)

'Aixɨ xeteu'erieka iwamarixi? (how are you? spoken to a group of friends)

'Aixɨa yunaitɨ xemayeixɨa (welcome greeting)

'Aixɨa pɨxe'unake'nakem ɨtitaniukieni (welcome greeting)

Patamieni (welcome greeting: "come in")

Huilliche [huh] (Chile: Valdivia and Chiloé.)

Marimari (general greeting)

Maimai (general greeting)

Chaino (general greeting used after a long absence)

Kuifi (general greeting used after a long absence)

Mishkái (general greeting in the Huillichesungun dialect)

Mushkái (general greeting in the Tsesüngun dialect)

Mishkái ngilhan (general greeting spoken to a friend)

Mishkái chaú (general greeting spoken to a friend)

Kümelekaimi? (how are you?)

Chumkülekaimi? (how are you?)

Kümelen (reply to Kümelekaimi and Chumkülekaimi)

Kümelekan (reply to Kümelekaimi and Chumkülekaimi)

Küme mungéimi? (how are you?)

Küme mungéimi mai? (how are you?)

Mai, küme múngen kâ (reply to Küme mungéimi and Kümé mungéimi mai)

Küme múngen kâ (reply to Küme mungéimi and Küme mungéimi mai)

Kiñe küme zuamo ta múngen (reply to Küme mungéimi and Kümé mungéimi mai)

Kümi tamün kompan (welcome greeting)

Huitoto, Minica [hto] (Bolivia.)

Caɨmare itɨo (general greeting)

Huitoto, Murui [huu] (Peru.)

Itio (general greeting)

Ji, itikuè (reply to Itio)

Marena ine (general greeting)

Mare rui (morning greeting)

Mare nauide (afternoon greeting)

Mare naɨo (nighttime greeting)

Nie isoɨdo? (how are you?)

Nɨese itomoɨ? (how are you?)

Nigacino? (how are you?)

Ji, nana mare (reply to Nigacino)

Nu isoìde? (how are you?)

Marena ite (reply to Nu isoìde)

Makadio? (greeting to a person passing by, "are you walking?")

Makadikuè (reply to Macadio)

Biti? (greeting spoken to a person who is arriving; "have you come?")

Bitikuè (reply to Biti; "I have come")

Benoma jaaijaikaidɨo? (greeting spoken to a person passing on a path)

Benoikaidekuè (reply to Benoma jaaijaikaidɨo)

Jai bituo (greeting spoken by a person who is arriving)

Jai bitikuè (welcome greeting spoken to a person who is arriving)

Huitoto, Nüpode [hux] (Peru.)

Haè bidúcuè (general greeting)

Ñúerede? (how are you?

Huu ñuera (reply to Ñúerede)

Hula [hul] (Papua New Guinea: Central Province.)

Pogipogi namana (morning greeting)

Rapi namana (morning greeting)

Lavilavi namana (afternoon greeting)

Pogi namana (evening greeting)

Oi rorimu ai? (how are you?)

Rorimiai pa? (how are you?)

Rakaveaina? (how are you?)

Oru rakaveaina? (how are you?)

Huli [hui] (Papua New Guinea: Tari and Enga.)

Ha'a (general greeting)

E keri paki (morning greeting)

Orobe (midday greeting)

Arendo (afternoon greeting)

Biraka (evening greeting)

Biraka timbuni (evening greeting)

Agua pe? (how are you? informal)

Humene [huf] (Papua New Guinea: Central Province.)

Mada ahivai (general daytime greeting)

Hobobu ahivai (morning greeting)

Hu ahivai (evening greeting)

Hunde [hke] (Democratic Republic of the Congo.)

Bwakyerê (general greeting)

Ee (reply to Bwakyerê)

Walamire tulô (morning greeting spoken to one person)

Mwalamire tulô (morning greeting spoken to a group)

Wasisimukirê (morning greeting spoken to one person)

Mwasisimukirê (morning greeting spoken to a group)

Washibire ho (afternoon greeting spoken to one person)

Mwashibire ho (afternoon greeting spoken to a group)

Myatsi ki kuno? (how are you?)

Myatsi mibuya (reply to Myatsi ki kuno)

Myatsi ikwirire (reply to Myatsi ki kuno)

Mibuya (reply to Myatsi ki kuno)

Ikwirire (reply to Myatsi ki kuno)

Unê mutsibu? (how are you? spoken to one person)

Munê batsibu? (how are you? spoken to a group)

Ee, nemwe munê batsibu (reply to Unê mutsibu and Munê batsibu)

Walamâ'nchira (welcome greeting)

Nalamwîse (general greeting spoken to one person in the Kivu dialect)

Twalamwîse (general greeting spoken to a group in the Kivu dialect)

Usimûka (morning greeting spoken in the Banyanga dialect)

Hungarian [hun] (Hungary.)

Jó napot (general greeting)

Jó napot kívánok (general greeting)

Üdvözlöm (general greeting)

Üdv (informal greeting)

Szervusz (informal greeting spoken to one person)

Szervusztok (informal greeting spoken to a group of people)

Szia (informal greeting spoken to one person)

Sziasztok (informal greeting spoken to a group of people)

Jó reggelt (morning greeting)

Jó reggelt kívánok (morning greeting)

Jó estét (afternoon and evening greeting)

Jó estét kívánok (afternoon and evening greeting)

Hogy van? (how are you? formal)

Hogy vagy? (how are you? informal)

Köszönöm, jól (reply to Hogy van and Hogy vagy)

Köszönöm, megvagyok (reply to Hogy van and Hogy vagy)

Hogy mennek a dolgai? (how are you?)

Üdvözlünk (welcome greeting)

Hunjara-Kaina Ke [hkk] (Papua New Guinea: Oro Province.)

Oro, oro, oro (general greeting)

Oro kaiwa (general greeting)

Hure akari (morning greeting)

Hure akari ena ro (morning greeting)

Hure akari oh (morning greeting)

Ifo akari (morning greeting)

Ifo akari ena ro (morning greeting)

Ifo akari oh (morning greeting)

Iji akari (midday greeting)

Iji akari ena ro (midday greeting)

Iji akari oh (midday greeting)

Mume akari (nighttime greeting)

Mume akari ena ro (nighttime greeting)

Hunsrik [hrx] (Brazil.)

Hallo (general greeting)

Hop (general greeting)

Gumoie (morning greeting)

Gu'n Tach (afternoon greeting)

Gu'n Owend (evening greeting)

Wi gehst du? (how are you?)

Kut (reply to Wi gehst du)

Kut, danke (reply to Wi gehst du)

Sehr kut (reply to Wi gehst du)

Alles kut? (how are you? informal)

Wi iiest nach mit dir? (how are you?)

Gude Morja (morning greeting in the Biguaçu dialect)

Wie jejt noch met dir? (how are you? in the Biguaçu dialect)

Danke, misch get's gut (reply to Wie jejt noch met dir in the Biguaçu dialect)

Gut Moria (morning greeting in the Itapiranga dialect)

Wie get's? (how are you? in the Itaprianga dialect)

Danke, misch get's gut (reply to Wie get's)

Hupa [hup] (United States of America: Hoopa Valley, California.)

He:yung (general greeting)

He:yung whima:lyo' (greeting spoken to a friend)

Xwe:di whung 'a:nt'e? (how are you? spoken to one person)

Dixwe:di wha:ne 'a:nt'e? (how are you? spoken to one person)

Dixwe:di wha:ne 'a:noht'e? (how are you? spoken to a group of people)

Niwho:n (reply to Dixwe:di wha:ne 'a:nt'e and Dixwe:di wha:ne 'a:noht'e)

Hupdë [jup] (Brazil: northwestern Amazonas. Colombia: Papurí and Tiquié rivers.)

Sö́ (general greeting)

Wɨd nénéy ã́m? (general greeting to a person arriving, "have you arrived?")

Wɨd nénéy (reply to Wɨd nénéy ã́m)

Sä́́wä́'ä́y ã́m (morning greeting)

Sä́́wä́'ä́y (reply to Sä́́wä́'ä́y ã́m)

Õh chowoy ãm (morning greeting)

Õh hõnõwəyəh (nighttime greeting)

Ɨn õh ë̀h (nighttime greeting)

Hä' (reply to Ɨn õh ë̀h)

Náw ã́m? (how are you?)

Náw (reply to Náw ã́m)

Hɨ́t ãm háma'? (greeting to a person going somewhere, "where are you going?")

Hutterisch [geh] (Canada. United States.)

Hallo (general greeting)

Gutn Morgn (morning greeting)

Guta Nocht (nighttime greeting)

Wie geatsn? (how are you?)

Copyright information

The collections of translations and the graphics at this site are Copyright © 1995-2022 by Jennifer Runner. Just like the words you find in a dictionary or phrase book, the individual words listed here are intended to be used freely and are not copyrighted, but (like a dictionary or phrase book) the complete lists themselves are the result of years of work and are protected by copyright. Use of the information for non-profit educational use is encouraged; please give credit to the source (Jennifer's Language Page). Please e-mail me at jrunner5@yahoo.com if you have questions about use of material on this site.