Known along with Ali Baba as one of the "orphan tales", the story was not part of the original Nights collection and has no authentic Arabic textual source, but was incorporated into the book Les mille et une nuits by its French translator, Antoine Galland.[2]
Payne also records the discovery in the Bibliothque Nationale in Paris of two Arabic manuscripts containing Aladdin (with two more of the "interpolated" tales). One was written by a Syrian Christian priest living in Paris, named Dionysios Shawish, alias Dom Denis Chavis. The other is supposed to be a copy Mikhail Sabbagh made of a manuscript written in Baghdad in 1703. It was purchased by the Bibliothque Nationale at the end of the nineteenth century.[3] As part of his work on the first critical edition of the Nights, Iraq's Muhsin Mahdi has shown[4] that both these manuscripts are "back-translations" of Galland's text into Arabic.[5][6]
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Ruth B. Bottigheimer[7] and Paulo Lemos Horta[8][9] have argued that Hanna Diyab should be understood as the original author of some of the stories he supplied, and even that several of Diyab's stories (including Aladdin) were partly inspired by Diyab's own life, as there are parallels with his autobiography.[10]
Aladdin is an impoverished young ne'er-do-well, dwelling in "one of the cities of Ancient China." He is recruited by a sorcerer from the Maghreb, who passes himself off as the brother of Aladdin's late father, Mustapha the tailor, convincing Aladdin and his mother of his good will by pretending to set up the lad as a wealthy merchant. The sorcerer's real motive is to persuade young Aladdin to retrieve a wonderful oil lamp (chirag) from a booby-trapped magic cave. After the sorcerer attempts to double-cross him, Aladdin finds himself trapped in the cave. Aladdin is still wearing a magic ring the sorcerer has lent him. When he rubs his hands in despair, he inadvertently rubs the ring and a genie appears and releases him from the cave, allowing him to return to his mother while in possession of the lamp. When his mother tries to clean the lamp, so they can sell it to buy food for their supper, a second far more powerful genie appears who is bound to do the bidding of the person holding the lamp.
With the aid of the genie of the lamp, Aladdin becomes rich and powerful and marries Princess Badroulbadour, the sultan's daughter (after magically foiling her marriage to the vizier's son). The genie builds Aladdin and his bride a wonderful palace, far more magnificent than the sultan's.
The sorcerer hears of Aladdin's good fortune, and returns; he gets his hands on the lamp by tricking Aladdin's wife (who is unaware of the lamp's importance) by offering to exchange "new lamps for old". He orders the genie of the lamp to take the palace, along with all its contents, to his home in the Maghreb. Aladdin still has the magic ring and is able to summon the lesser genie. The genie of the ring is too weak to directly undo any of the magic of the genie of the lamp, but he is able to transport Aladdin to the Maghreb where, with the help of the "woman's wiles" of the princess, he recovers the lamp and slays the sorcerer, returning the palace to its proper place.
The sorcerer's more powerful and evil brother plots to destroy Aladdin for killing his brother by disguising himself as an old woman known for her healing powers. Badroulbadour falls for his disguise and commands the "woman" to stay in her palace in case of any illnesses. Aladdin is warned of this danger by the genie of the lamp and slays the impostor.
The opening sentences of the story, in both the Galland and the Burton versions, set it in "one of the cities of China".[12] On the other hand, there is practically nothing in the rest of the story that is inconsistent with a Middle Eastern setting. For instance, the ruler is referred to as "Sultan" rather than "Emperor", as in some retellings, and the people in the story are Muslims and their conversation is filled with Muslim platitudes. A Jewish merchant buys Aladdin's wares, but there is no mention of Buddhists, Daoists or Confucians.
Notably, ethnic groups in Chinese history have long included Muslim groups, including large populations of Uyghurs, and the Hui people as well as the Tajiks whose origins go back to Silk Road travelers. Islamic communities have been known to exist in the region since the Tang dynasty (which rose to power simultaneously with the prophet Muhammad's career.) Some have suggested that the intended setting may be Turkestan (encompassing Central Asia and the modern-day Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang in Western China).[13] The Arabicized Turkic Kara-Khanid Khanate, which was located in this region and had a strong identification with China, bears a strong resemblance to the setting.
For all this, speculation about a "real" Chinese setting depends on a knowledge of China that the teller of a folk tale (as opposed to a geographic expert) might well not possess.[14] In early Arabic usage, China is known to have been used in an abstract sense to designate an exotic, faraway land.[15][16]
Adaptations vary in their faithfulness to the original story. In particular, difficulties with the Chinese setting are quite often resolved by giving the story a more typical Arabian Nights background.
Sega Sammy have released a line of pachinko machines based on Aladdin since 1989. Sega Sammy have sold over 570,000 Aladdin pachinko machines in Japan, as of 2017[update].[41] At an average price of about $5,000,[42] this is equivalent to approximately $2.85 billion in pachinko sales revenue.
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One thing that is quite surprising about A Whole New World: A Twisted Tale, is that it has a number of dark plot twists. These sudden changes in events leave a lasting impression because it is not a direction that you would expect from a Disney retelling. Instead, such events leave the reader shaken as these incidences highlight the villainy of Jafar.
Overall, I enjoyed reading this book Though it is targeted at a younger audience, I feel that older readers will enjoy this as well because of the refreshing tale that Liz Braswell has spun on the question: What would have happened if Aladdin never got the lamp?
I watched Disney's Aladdin back in 1990's when I was a middle school student. At the last scene, Aladdin encountered a tough choice between (a) using his last wish to become a prince to marry Jasmine and (b) using his last wish to set Genie free.
So... could there be any explanation other than "It's just a cartoon. Cartoons don't have to make sense all the time"? If you have watched Aladdin, did you think about this, or was I the only weird kid?
It's the principle of the thing. If he lends the lamp to Jasmine to give her three wishes, what's to stop him from then lending it to the Sultan, or to Apu, or to whomever else. He still has that third wish in reserve, so technically he can free the Genie at any time, so he hasn't violated the letter of his promise, but it certainly violates the spirit.
You are not the only one :), I think it all comes down to the character of Aladdin.He's been written out to be a diamond in the rough. If he uses loop holes to get all that he wants and then figure the genie's freedom, he'd be more like.. a garnet in the rough.
The central plot revolves around "being trapped" - the genie is trapped in the lamp. - Aladdin is trapped in his poverty - Jasmine is a princess trapped in the palace - The sultan is trapped in the kingdom's rulesand so on.
There may be an in-universe restriction to the Jasmine-wishing-for-him though. That is, that in the original scene where Aladdin promises the Genie to free him, he says: "No, really, I promise. After make my first two wishes, I'll use my third wish to set you free." OF COURSE, a lawyer may argument that "after" can be "at any time once the two first wishes are done, even ten thousand years later", but it seems quite clear that Aladdin was meaning "just right away after". Without anything in-between. However, once more, that doesn't answer the question of why the Genie couldn't propose it himself (the person to whom a promise is done is actually morally the only one who can break it), and it doesn't say a word about the "making Aladdin the prince once he's free" option either. But it's still something.
A reasonable answer to that last problem could be that the Genie was too moved at that moment to think of it. Too wacky, also, to manage to take the problem from a reasonable point of view. Actually, a few days later, the Genie probably thought: "Dumb me ! WHY didn't I think of it BEFORE ?".
I know I am contradicting my self when I say that genie got his freedom by becoming the beneficial of Aladdin's wish but that might be the exception, or the beneficial can either be the wishes or the granter.
I think Aladdin may not have been allowed to give the lamp to Jasmine due to loose interpretation of the rule of "no wishing for more wishes." Basically, the rule limits the lamp owner from getting more than three wishes. If owner were allowed to give the lamp to his friend or family, that would, in effect, be getting more than three wishes. To prevent this type of circumvention, the lamp may not grant wishes of someone to whom the owner willingly granted the lamp with the expectation that the lamp will be used for the benefit of the original owner. Jafar would have been able to use the lamp because Aladdin didn't give the lamp to him willingly. I don't know how the lamp would be able to tell the difference between these users, but it may be based on some magical power. 152ee80cbc
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