Hao-Hsiang Ku received the B.S. degree from the Department of Management Information Systems, Chung-Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan, in June 2001, the M.S. degree from the Department of Management Information Systems, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung City, Taiwan, in June 2003, the Ph.D. degree from the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan, in June 2009, and the Ph.D. degree from the Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan, in June 2023. He is currently an Associate Professor at the Institute of Food Safety and Risk Management and the Bachelor Degree Program in Ocean Business Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung city, Taiwan. His research interests include artificial intelligence (machine learning and deep learning), food safety supply chain management, food safety risk assessment, Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), data mining, and big data analysis.