Work in Progress

Intergenerational Mobility of Immigrants in 15 Destination Countries (Joint with Leah Boustan, Ran Ambramitzky, Mathias Jensen, Fanny Landaud, and many others). Under revision American Economic Review. 

The Career Effects of Union Membership (joint with Samuel Dodini, Alexander Willén, and Li Zhu). 

The Dynamics of Power in Labor Markets: Monopolistic Unions versus Monopsonistic Employers  (joint with Samuel Dodini and Alexander Willén). Second Revision for the Review of Economic Studies. 

Childhood Shocks Across Ages and Human Capital Formation (Joint with Pedro Carneiro, Barton Willage, and Alexander Willén). Reject and Resubmit The Economic Journal. 

Returns to Education with Earnings Uncertainty and Employment Risk over the Life Cycle. (Joint with Kai Liu and Magne Mogstad). PDF. June 2025.  Submitted.

Gender Equality Through Marriage (joint with Gloria Moroni, Cheti Nicoletti, and Emma Tominey). 

Partial Insurance against Income Shocks, Parental Investment and Child Development. (Joint with Pedro Carneiro and Emma Tominey). Submitted.

Returning to Education over the Life-Cycle. (Joint with Pat Bennet and Richard Blundell). 

The Decline in Routine Tasks, Education Investments, and Intergenerational Mobility (Joint with Pat Bennet and Kai Liu). PDF.  Online Appendix. May 2024. 

How the Second World War Shaped the Norwegian Income Distributions (Joint with Eirik Berger og Ran Ambramitzky).

Long-Term Consequences of Air Pollution: Does Age at Exposure or Years of Exposure Matter?  (joint with Aline Butikofer and Zichen Deng).

Fertility, Family Formation, and Human Capital (Joint with Aline Butikofer and Eirik Berger). 

Publications

Gender-biased technological change: Milking machines and the exodus of women from farming  (joint with Philipp Ager and Marc Goni). Forthcoming American Economic Review. Gender-Biased Technological Change: Milking Machines And the Exodus of Women from Farming - American Economic Association 

First generation elite: the role of school social networks (joint with Sarah Cattan and Emma Tominey). Forthcoming American Economic Review.  First Generation Elite: The Role of School Social Networks - American Economic Association 

Income Inequality in Scandinavia: Myths, Facts, and Lessons (with Magne Mogstad and Gaute Torsvik). Journal of Economic Literature. Vol. 63, no. 3, September 2025, pp. 791–839. Link to paper (Read in JEL). Link VoxEU (Read on VoxEU) 

Pulled-in and Crowded-out: Heterogeneous Outcomes of Merit-based School Choice. (joint with Antonio Dalla-Zuanna and Kai Liu).  American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. Vol. 17, No. 4, October 2025. pp. 184-222. Pulled In and Crowded Out: Heterogeneous Outcomes of Merit-Based School Choice - American Economic Association. 

The (Un)Importance of Inheritance. (Joint with Sandy Black, Paul J. Devereux, and Fanny Landaud). Forthcoming  Journal of the European Economic Association. Volume 23, Issue 3, June 2025, pp. 1060–1094, https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvae056 

Natural Resources, Demand for Skills, and Schooling Choices (Joint with Aline Butikofer and Antonio Dalla-Zuanna).  Journal of the Economics of Environment and Management.  Volume 133, September 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103212 

The Making of Social Democracy: The Economic and Electoral Consequences of Norway's 1935 School Reform. (Joint with Daron Acemoglu, Matti Sarvamaki, and Tuomas Pakkarinen).  Journal of the European Economic Association, Volume 23, Issue 1, February 2025, Pp 119–158.

Breaking the Links: Natural Resource Booms and Intergenerational Mobility. 2025. (Joint with Aline Butikofer and Antonio Dalla-Zuanna). Review of Economics and Statistics,  Vol. 107 (2), Pages 306–323. 

Competition and Career Advancement. (Joint with Julian Johnsen and Hyejin Ku). Review of Economic Studies, 2024, Volume 91 (5), pp 2954–2980. A New York Times op-ed based on this paper.

Monopsony, Skills, and Labor Market Concentration. (joint with Samuel Dodini, Michael F Lovenheim, and Alexander Willén). Economic Journal, 2024, Vol. 134 (661), pp. 1914–1949. 

The Effect of Labor Market Shocks Across the Life Cycle. (Joint with Barton Willage and Alexander Willén). Journal of Labor Economics, 2024, Vol. 42 (1), pp. 121-160.

Education and Inequality: An International Perspective (Joint with Patrick Bennett, Kelly Foley, David A. Green), Journal of Fiscal Studies, 2024, September, pp. 429-454

Supply of Skills and Endogenous Technical Change: Evidence from a College Opening Expansion Reform. (Joint with Pedro Carneiro and Kai Liu). CEPR Working paper no. 13045.  Journal of the European Economic Association, 2023, Vol. 21(1), pp. 48–92. 

Where Does Wealth Come From? Measuring Lifetime Resources in Norway  Working Paper #28239, December 2020. (Joint with Sandy Back, Paul J. Devereux, and Fanny). Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2023, Vol. 37 (4), pp. 115–136.

What are the Drivers of intergenerational Mobility? The Role of Family, Neighborhood, Education, and Social Class. A Review of Bukodi and Goldthorpe's Social Mobility and Education in Britain. Journal of Economic Literature, 2023, Vol. 61(4), pp. 1540-78.

Mothers Working During Preschool Years and Child Skills. Does Income Compensate?  (Joint with Cheti Nicoletti and Emma Tominey). Journal of Labor Economics, 2023, Vol. 41 (2), pp. 389-429.

Gender and Inheritances.  (Joint with Sandra Black, Paul J. Devereux, and Fanny Landaud). American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 2022, May 2022. 

Grandparents, Moms, or Dads? Why Children of teen mothers do worse in Life. NBER working paper no. 25165 (Joint with Anna Aizer and Paul J. Devereux). Journal of Human Resources, 2022, 57 (6) 2012-2047.

Intergenerational Transmission, Human Capital Formation and the Timing of Parental Income (Joint with Pedro Carneiro, Emma Tominey, Italo Lopez-Garcia).  Journal of Political Economy, 2021, Vol. 129(3), pp. 757-788. 

Disease Control and Inequality Reduction: Evidence from a Tuberculosis Testing and Vaccination Campaign (Joint with Aline Butikofer). Review of Economic Studies, 2020, Volume 87(5), Pp. 2087–2125. 

Inequality in Mortality between Black and White Americans by Age, Place, and Cause, and in Comparison to Europe, 1990-2018, with Hannes Schwandt, Janet Currie,  James Banks et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021, Volume118(40).

Income Inequality and Mortality: A Norwegian Perspective (joint with René Karadakic and Aline Butikofer), Fiscal Studies, 2021, Volume 42(1), 193-221.

Prenatal Testosterone Transfer from Male Twins Reduces the Fertility and Socioeconomic Success of their Female Co-Twins (Joint with Aline Butikofer, David Figlio, Krzysztof Karbownik, Christopher W. Kuzawa). Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America. 2019

This Is Only a Test? Long-Run Impacts of Prenatal Exposure to Radioactive Fallout (Joint with Sandra Black, Paul Devereux & Aline Butikofer).  Review of Economics and Statistics. 2019 101 (3): 531–546. 

Infant Health Care and Long-Term Outcomes (Joint with Katrine Løken & Aline Butikofer). Review of Economics and Statistics, 2019 101 (2): 341–354.

Childhood Nutrition and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from a School Breakfast Program (Joint with Aline Butikofer and Eirin Mølland).  Journal of Public Economics, Volume 168, December 2018, 62-80.

The Role of Parenthood on the Gender Gap among Top Earners (2018) European Economic Review, Volume 109, October 2018, 103-123. (joint with Aline Butikofer and Sissel Jensen).

The family peer effect on mothers' labor supply (2018). American Economic Journal: Applied Economics Volume 10 (3), 206 – 234. (joint with Cheti Nicoletti  and Emma  Tominey).

Worker Displacement and Regional Mobility (2018) Journal of Labor Economics, vol. 36(2), 479-509. (Joint with Kristiina Huttunen and Jarle Møen).

Life Cycle Earnings, Education Premiums and Internal Rates of Return (2017) Journal of Labor Economics, vol. 35:4, 993-1030. (Joint with Manudeep Bhuller and Magne Mogstad).

Does grief transfer across generations? In-utero deaths and child outcomes (2016) American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, No 1 2016. (joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux).

What Explains the Gender Gap in College Track Dropout? Experimental and Administrative Evidence (2016) American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings, 2016, 106 (5): 296-302. (Joint with Ingvild Almås, Alexander W. Cappelen, Erik Ø. Sørensen and Bertil Tungodden).

Healthy(?), Wealthy, and Wise: Birth Order and Adult Health (2016). Economics and Human Biology, December 2016. (joint with Sandra E. Black and Paul J. Devereux).

Good Skills in Bad Times: Cyclical Skill Mismatch and the Long-Term Effects of Graduating in a Recession (2016). European Economic Review, vol. 84, 3-17 (Joint with Kai Liu and Erik Sørensen).

Valuing School Quality via a School Choice Reform (2016). The Scandinavian Journal of Economics. Volume 118, Issue 1, 3-24. (Joint with Stephen Machin).

A Flying Start? Maternity Leave Benefits and Long-Run Outcomes of Children (2015) Journal of Political Economy 2015, 123 (2): 354-412. (Joint with Katrine Løken and Pedro Carneiro.) Comment to our paper 2024. Our Reply. 

Willingness to Compete: Family Matters (2015). Management Science, vol. 62(8). (Joint with Ingvild Almås, Alexander Cappelen , Erik Sørensen, and Bertil Tungodden).

Made in China: Regional labor market effects in Norway of a trade shock (2015). Journal of Public Economics, Vol 127, July 2015. (Joint with Ragnhild Balsvik and Sissel Jensen).

Losing Heart? The Effect of Job Displacement on Health (2015). Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Volume 68, Number 4, August 2015. (Joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux).

Care or Cash? The Effect of Child Care Subsidies on Student Performance (2014). Review of Economics and Statistics, 2014, 96 (5): 824-837. (Joint with Sandra Black, Paul Devereux, and Katrine Løken).

Education and mobility (2012). Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 10(2), 417-450. (Joint with Stephen Machin and Panu Pelkonen).

Pennies from Heaven? Using Exogeneous Tax Variation to Identify Effects of School Resources on Pupil Achievements (2012). Economics of Education Review, 31 (5), 601-614. (joint with Torbjørn Haegeland, Oddbjørn Raaum).

Priceless: The Nonpecuniary Benefits of Schooling (2011) Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2011, 25 (1): 159-184. (Joint with Philip Oreopoulos).

Too Young to Leave the Nest: The Effects of School Starting Age (2011). Review of Economics and Statistics, 2011, 93 (2): 455-467. (Joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux).

How Destructive is Creative Destruction? Investigating Long-term Effects of Worker Displacement (2011). Journal of the European Economic Association. 9 (5), 840 - 870 (Joint with Kristiina Huttunen and Jarle Møen).

Older and Wiser? Birth Order and IQ of Young Men (2011). CESifo Economic Studies, 57 (1), 103-120. (joint with Sandra E. Black and Paul J. Devereux).

Measuring Heterogeneity in the Returns to Education in Norway Using An Educational Reform (2010). European Economic Review, vol. 54(4), 483-500. (Joint with Arild Aakvik and Kjell Vaage).

Small Family, Smart Family? Family size and IQ Score of Young Men (2010). Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 45 (1) (Winter, 2010), 33-58. (Joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux).

Education and Fertility: Evidence from a natural experiment (2009). Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Vol. 110(4), pp 827-853. (Joint with Karin Monstad and Carol Propper.)

Like Father, Like Son? A Note on the Intergenerational Transmission of IQ Scores (2009). Economics Letters, Vol. 105. (Joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux).

Staying in the Classroom and Out of Maternity Ward? The Effect of Compulsory Schooling Laws on Teenage Births (2008). Economic Journal, 2008, 118: 1025-1054. (Joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux).

Employment Changes, the Structure of Adjustment Costs, and Plant Size (2007). European Economic Review, 51 (3), 577-598. (joint with Øivind Anti Nilsen and Fabio Schiantarelli).

From the Cradle to the Job Market? The Effect of Birth Weight on Adult Outcomes of Children (2007). Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2007, 122 (1): 409-439. (Joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux.)

The Neighbourhood Is Not What It Used to Be (2006).  Economic Journal, 116 (508), 200-222. (joint with Oddbjørn Raaum and Erik Ø. Sørensen).

The More the Merrier? The Effect of Family Size and Birth Order on Children's Education (2005). Quarterly Journal of Economics 120 (2), 669-700 (joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux.)

Why the Apple Doesn't Fall Far: Understanding Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital (2005).  American Economic Review, 2005, 95 (1): 437-449. (Joint with Sandra Black and Paul Devereux.)

Handbook Chapters and Overviews

Education Research and Administrative Data (Joint with David Figlio and Krzysztof Karbonik). Chapter 2 in Handbook of the Economics of Education, Volume 5, Elsevier, 2016.

Education and Family Background: Mechanisms and Policies (Joint with Anders Bjørklund). Chapter 3 in Handbook of the Economics of Education, Volume 3, Elsevier, 2011.