Arc Fault Protection
NFPA 70 NEC Article 690.11 : Standards for DC/PV AFCI
690.11 Arc-Fault Circuit Protection (Direct Current).
Photovoltaic systems operating at 80 volts dc or greater between any two conductors shall be protected by a listed PV arc-fault circuit interrupter or other system components listed to provide equivalent protection. The system shall detect and interrupt arcing faults resulting from a failure in the intended continuity of a conductor, connection, module, or other system component in the PV system dc circuits.
Informational Note: Annex A includes the reference for the Photovoltaic DC Arc-Fault Circuit Protection product standard.
Exception: For PV systems not installed on or in buildings, PV output circuits and dc-to-dc converter output circuits that are installed in metallic raceways or metal-clad cables, or installed in enclosed metallic cable trays, or are underground are permitted without arc-fault circuit protection. Detached structures whose sole purpose is to house PV system equipment shall not be considered buildings according to this exception.
Free access is available upon registration at this Link
Name pronunciation guidelines: Link Here.
IEEE Papers Latex Format selector: https://template-selector.ieee.org/secure/templateSelector/publicationType