macOS can read NTFS volumes, but cannot write to them without the help of third-party drivers. Windows cannot read HFS, HFS+, or APFS volumes without third-party drivers. It's not clear that NTFS and APFS have ever been fully documented.
It appears that Windows XP could support exFAT (with a patch that is no longer available). Vista could support it with the installation of a Service Pack. I'd guess that there is not too much of a market for exFAT drivers for Windows NT/2000 or for Windows ME and earlier.
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the very first introduction of exfat had built in backwards compatibility with fat32 systems. However you couldn't write a file over 4tb in dos windows nor use disk and defrag utilities on exfat partitions. That patch on xp was replaced and there were patches for vista+ the original has since disappeared.
There are a few places left in the world to get it last seen 2018 I may try fetch it and confirm.
I'm not sure if this is helpful, but there's an experimental exFAT driver for MS-DOS.
It's read-only and in an early stage, but it might be useful for file transfer (pendrive -> Win98 system / DOS 7.1).
I am currently dual booting linux and windows on my primary SSD which is split with Ext4 and NTFS accordingly. However, I have a secondary hard drive where I would like to place my downloads and other large files.
As per the leaked Samsung drivers, they have been subsequently released under GPL license (you can find them here) but in all honesty I would trust NTFS-3G better even if it's over the FUSE layer (Samsung is interested in their products, I doubt they test the code on systems/kernels other than their own).
Additionally, a single bit in the directory record indicates that the file is contiguous (unfragmented), telling the exFAT driver to ignore the FAT. This optimization is analogous to an extent in other file systems, except that it only applies to whole files, as opposed to contiguous parts of files.
Linux has support for exFAT via FUSE since 2009.[4] In 2013, Samsung Electronics published a Linux driver for exFAT under GPL.[31]On 28 August 2019, Microsoft published the exFAT specification[6] and released the patent to the Open Invention Network members.[32] The Linux kernel introduced native exFAT support with the 5.4 release in November 2019.[33]
When the file system is mounted, and the integrity check is conducted, these hashes are verified. Mounting also includes comparison of the version of the exFAT file system by the driver to make sure the driver is compatible with the file system it is trying to mount, and to make sure that none of the required directory records are missing (for example, the directory record for the upcase table and allocation bitmap are required, and the file system can't run if they are missing). If any of these checks fail, the file system should not be mounted, although in certain cases it may mount read-only.
exFAT was a proprietary file system until 2019, when Microsoft released the specification and allowed OIN members to use their patents.[43] This lack of documentation along with the threat of a patent infringement lawsuit, as happened previously when Microsoft sued various companies over the VFAT long file name patent (before it expired), hampered the development of free and open-source drivers for exFAT, and led to a situation where Linux distributions could not even tell users how to get an exFAT driver. Accordingly, exFAT official support was effectively limited to Microsoft's own products and those of Microsoft's licensees. This, in turn, inhibited exFAT's adoption as a universal exchange format, as it was safer and easier for vendors to rely on FAT32 than it was to pay Microsoft or risk being sued.
Regardless of whether open-source or not, Microsoft stated that "a license is required in order to implement exFAT and use it in a product or device".[44] Unlicensed distribution of an exFAT driver would make the distributor liable for financial damages if the driver is found to have violated Microsoft's patents.[47][48] While the patents may not be enforceable, this can only be determined through a legal process, which is expensive and time-consuming. It may also be possible to achieve the intended results without infringing Microsoft's patents.[49] In October 2018, Microsoft released 60,000 patents to the Open Invention Network members for Linux systems, but exFAT patents were not initially included at the time. There was, however, discussion within Microsoft over whether Microsoft should allow exFAT in Linux devices,[50][51] which eventually resulted in Microsoft publishing the official specification for open usage[6] and releasing the exFAT patents to the OIN in August 2019.[32]
A Linux kernel implementation by Samsung Electronics is available.[58] It was initially released on GitHub unintentionally,[59] and later released officially by Samsung in compliance with the GPLv2 in 2013.[60][61] (This release does not make exFAT royalty-free, as licensing from Samsung does not remove Microsoft's patent rights.)[62][63] A version of this driver was first incorporated into version 5.4 of the Linux kernel.[64][65][66] A much newer version of the driver, with several bug fixes and improved reliability, was incorporated into kernel 5.7.[67][40] Prior to its being merged into the Linux kernel, this newer version had already seen adoption on Android smartphones and continued to be used on both Linux and Android thereafter.[68][69]
Two experimental, unofficial solutions are available for DOS. The loadable USBEXFAT driver requires Panasonic's USB stack for DOS and only works with USB storage devices; the open-source EXFAT executable is an exFAT file-system reader and requires the HX DOS extender to work.[73] There are no native exFAT real-mode DOS drivers, which would allow usage of, or booting from, exFAT volumes.
NTFS is a Microsoft proprietary filesystem. All exFAT patents were released to the Open Invention Network and it has a fully functional in-kernel Linux driver since version 5.4 (2019).[1] exFat, also called FAT64, is a very simple filesystem, practically an extension of FAT32, due to its simplicity, it's well implemented in Linux and very fast.
Personally, I prefer NTFS for its reliability. Another option is to use ext4, and mount under Windows with extfsd, ext4 is better on Linux, but the driver is not well implemented on Windows. Extfsd doesn't fully support journaling, so there is a risk to write under Windows, but ext is easier to repair under Linux than exFAT.
Being a SLES 11.4, and RHEL 6.9 to 7.6 user, my experience with windows 10 is that something has changed in how the NTFS system is done (compared to win7) where older versions of ntfs-3g which come with your linux distro do not work with NTFS coming from win10. So you need to download and install the latest version which currently is ntfs-3g_ntfsprogs-2017.3.23, released on March 28, 2017 from their website; with that then having NTFS formatted drives coming from Windows 10 (as opposed to win7) works without issue.
The definition of the EFI file system will be maintained by specification and will not evolve over time to deal with errata or variant interpretations in OS file system drivers or file system utilities. Future enhancements and compatibility enhancements to FAT will not be automatically included in EFI file systems. The EFI file system is a target that is fixed by the EFI specification, and other specifications explicitly referenced by the EFI specification.
The Rufus flash drive writer supports UEFI-booting from NTFS or exFAT drives by a method called UEFI:NTFS. The README is quite clear about what it does: a tiny FAT ESP is created after the NTFS "ESP". If the firmware somehow supports NTFS, it sees the EFI/BOOT/BOOT{arch}.efi in the first partition and it's happy to go. Otherwise it loads the second ESP, which contains an NTFS or exFAT driver and a program that loads it and runs the EFI/BOOT/BOOT{arch}.efi from the first partition.
Most Android phones use an external kernel module that is not a part of the main kernel tree to support exFAT. The main caveat is that to actually sell a device with exFAT support the OEM is obliged to buy a license from Microsoft, no matter what driver implementation they are using.
Of course, it has never been mainlined because of patent issues, but thankfully this will change thanks to Microsoft (not necessarily using the Samsung driver, but makes no difference to me either way as long as it works).
If Microsoft really loves Linux make the exfat specification GPL. What ever they are doing will be to eventually sell more windows software and lock users intos windows. Thats my opinion. Did you know camera manufactures have to pay a lenience fee of about $300,000 to use exfat on their phones?
Could you please clarify the license/patent issue with exFAT? So is anyone now free (as in freedom) to implement, use, and distribute drivers and other types of software that implement (parts of) the exFAT specification?
We are making the technical specification for exFAT freely available to all, and exFAT code incorporated into the Linux kernel will be available under GPLv2. See -us/windows/win32/fileio/exfat-specification for more detail.
Probably because not only does the NT exFAT code not work 1:1 on IEEE POSIX platforms like Linux and its Virtual File System (VFS), but there are already several other, proprietary licensees (prior to this) who have created native Linux drivers and GNU tooling on several platform, that already released their code under the terms of GPLv2.
4.- Booting process is very slow on x64, but there are links to download a modded exFAT driver to make the booting pocess faster. he also suggest to use a SSD device not mechanical HD. But also said after booting speed should be as usuall.
Most probably during first boot a number of things need to be self-adjusted by the OS, but it is also possible (due to the complexity of the procedure) that simply *something* went wrong, very likely the (well documented) issue with the exFAT driver signature:
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