The Journal of Public Health

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Differentials and time trends for the prevalence of lifetime biological female childlessness among older women in developing countries

Switbert Rwechungura Kamazima

Behavioural Sciences Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam. P. O. Box 65015, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Article history:

Received: 05 December, 2022

Accepted: 14 December, 2022

Available Online: 02 March, 2023

Corresponding Author:

Dr. Switbert Rwechungura Kamazima

Switbert Rwechungura Kamazima is awarded with Marie Curie Research Award- 2023 in Lifetime infertility

Abstract

Background: Lifetime biological childlessness is an essential public health issue component of reproductive health. Biological childlessness experience has social, economic, and psychological effects on women; their partners, families and nations. Effects range from mental health, anxiety, depression, ostracization and divorce. Between 48 million couples and 186 million individuals live with infertility, where half of these couples reside in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Lifetime childlessness data are available from the developed world, little information exists in developing world.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of lifetime biological female childlessness among older women in developing countries.

Methods: With permission from DHS MEASURE, I acquired data from eight countries in sub-Sahara Africa, North Africa and West Asia, Central Asia/South and Southeast Asia and Latin America/Caribbean to assess the prevalence of lifetime biological female childlessness among older women in developing countries. The analyses included descriptive to estimate biological childlessness for each country in all selected surveys. I used the Chi-squared test to examine linear-by-linear association between the survey date and the proportion of biological childlessness.

Results: Demographic, education, economic and attitudinal factors envisage childlessness among older women around the globe. Women may experience these forces differently due to differences in overtime changes in policy context, diversity over the circumstances in life course and across generations.

Conclusions: Increased availability of, access to and utilization of assisted treatment technologies in the developing world, age limits for late fertility/advanced childbearing and very late fertility/very advanced childbearing will be extended as experienced in the developed countries.

Key words

Biological childlessness, Childlessness, Demographic and Health Surveys, Developing countries, Lifetime infertility

Citation:

Switbert Rwechungura Kamazima, 2023. Differentials and time trends for the prevalence of lifetime biological female childlessness among older women in developing countries. The Journal of Public Health. Photon 125, 130-144

Photon Ignitor: ISJN43675937D914102032023

A Study of Nutrient Intake of Tribal Women in Banswara District of Southern Rajasthan

Raksha Ninama*

Haridev Joshi Government Girls College, Banswara, (Raj.), India

Keywords:

Tribal women, recommended dietary allowances (RDA), Nutritional awareness

Citation:

Ninama R*., 2017. A Study of Nutrient Intake of Tribal Women in Banswara District of Southern Rajasthan. Photon 119, 263-268

Abstract

In the present paper we have presented the dietary adequacy of tribal women of Banswara district in Rajasthan. This study was conducted on 240 tribal women belonging to two panchayat samities of Banswara district. 120 samples were selected from each panchayat samiti. Out of which 60 were married and 60 were unmarried. Tribal women were consuming three meals a day. A comparison of the dietary intake of various nutrients with ICMR recommendation for moderately active women indicates that their diet was deficient 82.36% in energy, 73.69% in calcium, 77.09% in iron, 44.33% in β-carotene, 62.23% in riboflavin and 70.07% in niacin but intake of some nutrients was higher than recommended dietary allowances. Such as intake of protein, thiamine and ascorbic acid was 103.63%, 168.18% and 132.7% respectively. From this study it is clear that tribal women are mainly suffering from undernutrition due to poverty and lack of nutritional awareness. Copies of recommended dietary plans of RDA were distributed in the study area. Group discussion related with balanced diet and importance of nutrients in nutrition were also organized in study area. From these approaches the impact and scientific importance of study will be transfer to the society.

Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Hygiene among Adolescent Girls in Selected Kattankudy area, Batticaloa District

Kaluarachchi A.a, Vishnukumar Sb., Sujirtha Nc*

a Department of Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka

b Faculty of healthcare and science, Eastern University, Sri Lanka c Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

Keywords:

Adolescent girls, Knowledge and practices, Menstrual hygiene, Sanitation, Sanitary napkins

Citation:

Sujirtha N.*, Kaluarachchi A., Vishnukumar S., 2017. Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Hygiene among Adolescent Girls in Selected Kattankudy area, Batticaloa District. The Journal of Public Health. Photon 119, 255-262

Abstract

Objective: To determine the status of knowledge and menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent school girls. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: 3 schools in Kattankudy area, Batticaloa district. Participants/ Subjects: Adolescent girls in the age group 14 -17 years who had attained menarche. Method: The subjects were administered a pre designed and validated questionnaire on various components of menstrual hygiene practices. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: 761 girls participated in the study. The average level of menstrual hygiene practices was < 50% in 613 (80.6%) subjects, 50 -75% in 148 (19.45%) and none practiced >75 % of proper menstrual hygiene. Factor analysis on menstrual hygiene showed highest scores on frequency of changing the pad, bath during menstruation, absorbent used and access to water. Average level of hygiene practices was comparatively more among girls who belonged to higher socio-economic groups and those who had access to a covered toilet. Conclusion: There is deficiency in menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent school girls. It is important that there must be intense education reinforcing all the components of menstrual hygiene practices. Strategies such as access to water and sanitation may play a major role in adopting safe practices.

Citation: Malin P*., Jayashree S., 2016. Morbidity Pattern among Adolescents in Rural Raichur District, Karnataka State. The Journal of Public Health. Photon 118, 248-254

Abstract Introduction: Due to the changing demographic scenario, adolescent population is reached 21 percent in India. Adolescents of these group are not much aware or consequences of health problems which leads to permanent disabilities. Objectives of Research: To assess the morbidity pattern among Adolescents both male and females in rural area of Raichur district Karnataka State India. Methodology: This is a cross sectional field based study conducted between June-2015 to September-2015. Data were collected using multistage stratified random sampling approach among adolescents (13-19 years of age) population (N=728) in rural areas of Raichur district of Karnataka state in India. Results: Study found that, majority of the adolescents was experienced of morbidity. Headache was relatively more prevalent in study followed by concentration problem, fever, dizziness and fatigue etc. It was also found in the study that, one sixth of the respondents facing problem with vision and night blindness. This could because most of the adolescents were not aware of health hazards and parents were not taking them to hospital when it needs, low level of awareness among parents as well as adolescents Conclusion: There is need urgent intervention by policy makers and health care professionals.

Pierre Saotoing, Toua Vroumsia Moussa Djaouda, Aaron Manga Mongombe, Shu Lum Vejeline and Alexandre-Michel Njan Nlôga are conferred with Max Planck Research Award-2015 in Public Health

Saotoing P., Djaouda T.V.M., Mongombe A.M., Vejeline S.L., Alexandre-Michel N.N., 2015. Correlation between Rainfall and Cholera in the Far-North Region of Cameroon, from 2001 to 2010. The Journal of Public Health. Photon 117, 241-247.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the evolution of cholera in the Far-North Region of Cameroon from 2001 to 2010 as well as determine some factors that favor its spread. Materials and methods: The investigations consisted to collect data on cholera morbidity and meteorological data on rainfall for the past ten years (2001-2010) in the Far-North Region. Data on mortality and morbidity was collected at the Far-North Regional Delegation for Public Health, in Maroua town. The data on rainfall was collected from the Meteorological Service of the Regional Delegation for Transport Further statistical analyses were done using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-version 10.0). Results and conclusion: The results obtained showed that there was a positive significant correlation (r = 0.646, p<0.01) between cholera morbidity and rainfall. Morbidity increased significantly from 266 to 9,367 cases for the study period. It was discovered that more cases of cholera registered might have been due to inadequate supply of potable water, low socio-economic status, and high number of individuals per household. Morbidity also showed variation with months. Cases were mostly registered during the wet months and absent during the dry months.

Practice of pre-treatment testing for malaria by health care providers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Omotayo O Ebonga, Ijeoma H Ogbuehia*, Eme O Asuquob

a Center for Malaria Research and Phytomedicine, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

b Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Omotayo O Ebong, Ijeom H Ogbuehi and Eme O Asuquo are conferred with Ronald Ross Research Award-2015 in Public Health by IASR

Keywords: Diagnosis, WHO treatment guidelines, health care providers, Artemisinin-based combination therapy

Abbreviations: ACT: Artemisinin-based combination therapy, HCP: Health care providers, WHO: World Health Organization

Photon Ignitor: ISJN43675937D757927032015

Citation: Ebong O.O., Ogbuehi I.H., Asuquo E.O., 2015. Practice of pre-treatment testing for malaria by health care providers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The Journal of Public Health. Photon 117, 237-240.

Abstract

Malaria accounts for 60% of outpatient visits and 30% hospitalization in Nigeria. In 2011, the World Health Organization Global Malaria Program’s new initiative, ‘T3 - Test, Treat and Track’ urges malaria-endemic countries and donors to move towards universal access to diagnostic testing before antimalarial treatment. In view of the foregoing, the present study was carried out to determine the practice of Health Care Providers (HCPs) with regards to testing before treatment of malaria in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. HCPs: doctors, nurses, pharmacists, community health workers (CHWs) and private medicine vendors (PMVs) were sampled. All the doctors and pharmacists interviewed were familiar with the treatment guideline of testing before treatment of malaria. However, only 89.6% nurses, 33.3% PMVs, and 25% CHWs had knowledge of the guidelines. With regards to adherence to the guidelines, only 44.3% of HCPs complied. HCPs’ limitations includes; emergency case (51.3%); laboratory costs (23.1%); non-availability of diagnostic tools (10. 3%); proximity to a laboratory (7.7%) and inability to use test kits (7.6%). This study shows that a significant number of the PMVs and CHWs have no knowledge of ‘testing before treatment’ initiative. It also reveals that inadequate resources are a major limiting factor to compliance to guidelines.

Health Related Quality of Life

UBN: 015-A94510112007, Edition: I Impact, Index: 3.45

Mona Ibrahim El Lawindi

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