Computer Basic

Topics covered in this course

•  What Is a Computer.

•  Basic Parts of a Computer.

•   Basic computer ethnics.

•   Basic computer shortcuts.

•   Mouse and keyboard.

•   Folders and icons.

•   Typing lessons and games.

•   Creating a document.

•   How to share documents.

•   How to check your system properties.

•   How to uninstall and install software.

•   How to connect to the Internet.

•   How to use the internet.

•   Personalizing the computer system.

•   Learning about computer user and how to manage accounts.

What is a computer

A computer is a programmable device that stores, retrieves, and processes data.

Full form of computer is as follows.

C - Commonly

O - Operated

M - Machine

P - Particularly

T - Technical

E - Educational

R - Research

Basic parts of a computer

1.Motherboard.

2.Central Processing Unit(CPU) or processor.

3.Random Access Memory (RAM).

4.Storage device.

5.Input device.

6.Output device.

Parts of Computer And Their Functions

1.Motherboard: The motherboard is the main circuit board of the system, the motherboard contains the microprocessor, main memory, RAM or ROM support circuitry, bus controller, and connector.

2.CPU (Central Processing Unit) or Processor: CPU or processor are mainly known as the “Brain” of a computer, This is the component that carries the instructions.

3.Random Access Memory (RAM): enables a computer to store, data, and programs.

Memory sizes

• Byte – One byte is one character, A character can be a number, letter, or symbol.

• Kilobyte – 1024 Bytes.

• Megabyte – 1024 Kilobyte.

• Gigabyte –  1024 Megabyte.

• Terabyte –  1024 Gigabyte

4.Storage device: These devices allow a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data.

5.Input device: The computer receives instructions from the user through the input devices. The most common types of input devices are keyboard.

6.Output device: The function of the output device is to present processed data to the user. The most common device are Monitors, printers, and speakers.

Types of computer

1. Micro Computer :-Also known as personal computer (pc) it is mostly used for personal work and it is the most widely used type of computer some types are Desktop, Laptop, Tablet, Smartphone etc.

2. Mini Computer :-

3. Mainframe Computer :-

4. Super Computer :-

Basic computer ethics

1.Look away from the screen once in a while to give your eyes a rest.

2.Do not touch any exposed wires or sockets.

3.Do not attempt to open any machines, and do not touch the backs of machines when they are switched on.

4.Do not spill water or any other liquid on the machine, in order to maintain electrical safety.

5.Do not eat or drink while using your computer.

Uses of computer

1. searching information

2. office work

3. bank work

4. online reservation

5. pay bills

6. communication

Basic window shortcuts

•   F1--Universal help (for any sort of program).

•   Ctrl + A--To highlight all text or items.

•   Ctrl + X--Cuts the selected item.

•   Ctrl + Del--delete selected item.

•   Ctrl + C--Copy the selected item.

•   Ctrl + V--Paste the selected item.

•   Ctrl + S--Save

•   Ctrl + Z--Undo

•   Ctrl + Y--Redo

•   Shift + Ins -- Paste the selected item.

•   Home -- Takes the user to the beginning of the current line.

•   Ctrl + Home--Go to the beginning of the document.

•   End --- Go to the end of the current line.

•   Ctrl + End -- Go to the end of a document.

•   Shift + Home -- Highlight from current position to beginning of the line.

•   Shift + End -- Highlight from current position to end of the line.

• Maximize Window: F11 or Windows logo key  + Up arrow 

• Open Task View: Windows logo key  + Tab

• Display and hide the desktop: Windows logo key  + D

• Switch between open apps: Alt + Tab

• Open the Quick Link menu: Windows logo key  + X

• Lock your PC: Windows logo key  + L

Mouse

The mouse is an input device that enables the user to input command into the system. The mouse has three ways of inputting commands.

1.Right click: display the appreciation menu. An appreciation menu is a menu that displays other things you can do on the present environment.

2.Left click: this activates a command on a selected icon, folder or environment.

3.Scroll key: enables the user to scroll between menu or documents and can help to zoom items on the working page.

Keyboard

The keyboard helps the user to input data like alphabets, numbers and special characters and also helps to input command into the system.

Folders and icons

Folder: A folder is the virtual location for applications, documents, data or other sub-folders. Folders help in storing and organizing files and data in the computer.

How to open a folder: To open a folder place your cursor on the folder then left click twice on it.

How to create a folder: To create a folder you will right click once using your mouse a drop down menu will appear in the menu click new another menu will appear click folder then name your folder.

Icon: Icon is a small graphical representation of a program or file. To open an icon you need to left left click twice on the icon then it will open.