My question: I want to connect (optimally) directly from my Pickit4 to the cyton board to dive deeper into using additional resources of the powerful PIC (for directly triggered DDS stimulus for example). I have read several topics on this but am a bit confused as to the correct pin-connection. After reading I concluded on this pinout:
pickit4 -> cyton
1 MCLR/VPP -> J4.RST
2 VDD -> J3.Vdd
3 VSS -> J3.GND
4 PGD -> J4.D11
5 PGC -> J3.D12
6,7,8 -> unconnected
However, looking at the schematic, I see that on J4.D11, there's a diode and a resistor, which seems to interfere with Pickit's recommendations (Target Circuit Design Precautions - ). Also, the OpenBCI documentation has me a bit confused on the correct pinout since D11 and D12 are listed as unused pins under the title Breakout pins ( ) while below I read this: "D11 is also PGD, and has the blue LED in series with a 1K resistor connected to AGND. D12 is PGC, for bootloading purposes."
So there is no need to use the Pickit4 to program the PIC. At the factory the Pickit IS used to install the initial bootloader. But after that is done, all new Cyton firmware can be installed over the RFduino radio link.
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Edit:
There is this sentence at the SAMD21 datasheet.
"The Flash program memory can be reprogrammed in-system through the SWD interface. The same interface can be used for non-intrusive on-chip debug of application code. A boot loader running in the device can use any communication interface to download and upgrade the application program in the Flash memory."
Do you have a bricked Arduino that won't accept code anymore? Or, maybe you wrote your own firmware and would like to upload it to your Arduino? Or, maybe you just want to learn more about the inner-workings of Arduino, AVR, and microcontrollers in general. Well, you're in luck! This tutorial will teach you what a bootloader is, why you would need to install/reinstall it, and go over the process of doing so.
The bootloader is basically a .hex file that runs when you turn on the board. It is very similar to the BIOS that runs on your PC. It does two things. First, it looks around to see if the computer is trying to program it. If it is, it grabs the program from the computer and uploads it into the ICs memory (in a specific location so as not to overwrite the bootloader). That is why when you try to upload code, the Arduino IDE resets the chip. This basically turns the IC off and back on again so the bootloader can start running again. If the computer isn't trying to upload code, it tells the chip to run the code that's already stored in memory. Once it locates and runs your program, the Arduino continuously loops through the program and does so as long as the board has power.
If you are building your own Arduino, or need to replace the IC, you will need to install the bootloader. You may also have a bad bootloader (although this is very rare) and need to reinstall the bootloader. There are also cases where you've put your board in a weird setting and reinstalling the bootloader and getting it back to factory settings is the easiest way to fix it. We've seen boards where people have turned off the serial port meaning that there is no way to upload code to the board, while there may be other ways to fix this, reinstalling the bootloader is probably the quickest and easiest.Like I said, having a bad bootloader is actually very very rare. If you have a new board that isn't accepting code, 99.9% of the time its not the bootloader. For the other 1% of the time it is, this guide will help you fix that problem.
Here we have the Arduino Uno R3. It has two ICSP headers: one for the ATmega16U2 and one for the ATmega328. To reflash the bootloader on this board, you would use just the ICSP header for the ATmega328.
Finally, select Burn Bootloader. This will take the board you selected in the Arduino IDE and look up the associated bootloader in the board.txt file. Then, it will find the bootloader in the Arduino IDE's program folder (specifically "...\Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr\bootloaders") and install it. This only works if the board is installed correctly in the IDE and you have the correct bootloader.
If for some reason you want to use a bootloader that isn't installed in the Arduino IDE, visit the next section. However, it's probably easier to just install the bootloader from the Arduino IDE. For those who are curious about settings such as fuse bits, have no fear. Arduino takes care of all the messy details for you when you burn bootloaders through it.
Once the fuse bits are set, we can flash a compiled .hex file to the target board and set the lock bits. Enter the following in a command line. Make sure that you are in same directory as your .hex file and adjust the ...hexfilename.hex that you are using to flash for your target. To flash the Arduino Uno Bootloader, head over to the Arduino program folder. On a Windows OS, it will look similar to this path ...\arduino-1.8.5\hardware\arduino\avr\bootloaders\optiboot. There area few files in the folder but the one we are interested in is the optiboot_atmega328.hex file.
Other issues I encountered included some mismatched capacitors on the crystal above my PIC, which made communication synch to MIOS impossible. I also had at least one bad PIC that accepted the bootloader from MPLAB, but wouldn't function at all in my MB-6582.
I have also tried your preprogrammed chip, I'd 0000 0000 0000 0000 and I get some writing on the screen MidiboxSID V2. 044 and MIOS8 V1. 9h" but when I query the core I get bootloader is up and running not application is up and running any idea why? Thanks
For the first and only time, We are going to use the Pickit 2 Programmer to upload the firmware of our bootloader, once we loaded the.hex firmware, We do not need the pickit 2 again. You can use the Pickit 2, Pickit 3, Pickit 3.5, Pickit 4 or another programmer board available.
Now we are ready to program and work with our board, in the below videos You can see how to use our board, basically after We connect, We have 5 seconds to link the board with the bootloader aplications, if we pass the 5 seconds we need to press reset button or connect again the USB cable.
On installer GUI, I've chosen "Custom install" instead of "Upgrade" option and chosen an unallocated area from disk 2 as a target. I did not see any other options to control the target for Windows 11 (or it's bootloader) installation.
The result is that my PC still boots from disk 1 (disk 2 is not bootable, I can see it when I press F11 on startup). The bootloader on disk 1 offers me to choose if I want to boot an old Windows 10 or freshly installed Windows 11.
Also, after Windows 11 had been installed, an unallocated area on disk 2 became: 1) a 16 Mb "Microsoft reserved partition" + 2) NTFS partition for Windows 11 itself. Seems like there is no place for bootloader on disk 2. I do not know what are those 16 MBs are used for.
How was I supposed to control where the bootloader for Windows 11 will be installed? Is there an option to change this during Windows installation? If I remember correctly, Linux installers usually give me a choice of target disk for installing bootloader
I have used two different ways of upgrading firmware without a hardware programmer. Both require bootloaders to be flashed into program memory, usually at the very beginning or very end of program memory area. Ideally, once the bootloader is flashed, then this portion of memory can be write-protected, so an errant application program cannot erase the bootloader.
One way to upgrade firmware is to provide the application on an SD card, and have a slot in the product that allows this to be accessed. Each time the microcontroller starts up, it checks to see if the application on the SD card is different from the one in flash, and if so update it. (You don't want to blindly download and flash the program each time since flash has a limited number of erase cycles.) This requires the bootloader to have the code necessary to access the SD card (which will probably have a FAT16 or FAT 32 file system on it.)
A variation is to combine the two, whereas the new program is downloaded and written to an SD card, since it may not be practical to flash the program as it is being downloaded. Note in this case the bootloader doesn't need to have any of the code to access the wireless network, as the application program can download the code and write it to the SD card before it switches to the bootloader.
First, there are no Arduino chips, only Atmel AVR chips. Second, the Arduino bootloader exists to enable the novice user to develop without experience, or professional tools. Atmel chips by themselves do not require any kind of bootloader, nor do PIC chips.
Bootloaders exist to facilitate updating firmware in the field, without the use of a programmer. This is by no means a design requirement. If the product in development has no PC connectivity, then adding a bootloader would incur pointless cost. Think about all of the electronic devices in your home that do not connect to a computer, such as microwave ovens and alarm clocks. I will bet you anything these devices use some kind of microcontroller, and do not have bootloaders. 589ccfa754
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