• Shinkansen (Bullet Trains): Famous for their speed and punctuality, connecting major cities across the country. They can reach speeds of up to 320 km/h (200 mph).

• Local Trains: Extensive rail networks operated by Japan Railways (JR) and various private companies serve urban and rural areas.

Major cities like Tokyo and Osaka have comprehensive subway systems that are clean, efficient, and easy to navigate. 

Highways: Japan has an extensive network of expressways (toll roads) that connect major cities and regions. They are well-maintained and provide efficient travel options.

Cars: While public transport is highly efficient, many people own cars, especially in rural areas where public transport may be limited.

Cycling: Many cities promote cycling as an eco-friendly mode of transport, with dedicated bike lanes and rental services available.