This paper studies how education affects women's HIV infection. By using an education reform that led to a sharp increase in women's education in Zambia, I estimate RDD, interacted with geographic differences in school capacity. I find that an increase in female education led to HIV higher rate. I find no evidence that education affected women's HIV knowledge and their risky behaviours. Instead, the results are driven by the increased urbanization of the better educated women. Although the results in the existing literature suggest that education enhance health behaviours, my findings are suggestive that those results could not be generalized.
This paper studies the effect of birth order on the child fostering Africa. Using a survey that we designed and conducted in Benin in 2022, we find firstly that parental educational attainment and family shocks (such as parental death) experienced during childhood are significant predictors of fostering. Secondly, we find that child’s gender and child’s birth order are the key factors that determine the choice of the fostered child. We also supplement these findings by analyzing reasons of fostering and find that women are fostered to help in domestic tasks whereas men are fostered for schooling purposes. These gender difference could be suggestive of the importance of patriarchal gender norms in the country.
Fostering, education and fertility: Evidence from Benin, joint with Caleb Gbeholo, Raphael Godefroy and Joshua Lewis
In this paper, we analyze the effect of fostering on education and fertility. Using a novel dataset conducted in Benin in 2022, we estimate that adults who were fostered as a child are significantly less likely to have attended school than their siblings. We show that this difference in education achievement increased after the launch of an education reform in the 1990s. We find no difference in fertility. We estimate that the practice of fostering may account for a substantial share of the gender gap in education.