Content

Introduction

• What is Philosophy?

• The Value of Philosophy

• Philosophy & Matters of Opinion

• The Stuff of Philosophy

• Using This Text

Indian Philosophy

• The Orthodox Schools

• The Heterodox Schools

Chinese Philosophy

• Confucianism

• Mohism

• Legalism

• Daoism

• The School of Names

• Ban Zhao

The Presocratics

• The Milesians

• Heraclitus

• The Eleatics

• The Pluralists

• The Pythagoreans

• The Atomists

Socrates

• Ethical Philosophy

• The Good Life

• Political Philosophy

• Metaphysics

Plato

• Ethical Philosophy

• Social Philosophy

• Metaphysics & Epistemology

Aristotle

• Metaphysics & Epistemology

• Value Theory

Hellenistic Philosophy

• The Cyrenaics

• The Epicureans

• The Stoics

• The Cynics

• The Skeptics

• The Neoplatonists

Philosophy in the Islamic World

• Al-Kindī 

• Al-Fārābī 

• Ibn Sīnā 

• Al-Ghazali

• Ibn Rushd

• Maimonides

Medieval & Renaissance Philosophy

• Anselm of Canterbury

• Héloïse d’Argenteuil & Peter Abelard

• Hildegard of Bingen

• Thomas Aquinas

• John Duns Scotus & William of Ockham

• Renaissance Feminist Philosophy

Mesoamerican Philosophy

• Maya & Aztec Metaphysics

• Maya & Aztec Epistemology

• Maya & Aztec Ethical Philosophy

• Juana Inés de la Cruz 

African Philosophy

• African Metaphysics

• African Personhood

• African Value Theory

• Zera Yacob & Walda Heywat

René Descartes

The Rationalists

• Elisabeth of Bohemia

• Anne Conway

• Baruch Spinoza

• Margaret Lucas Cavendish

• Nicolas Malebranche

• Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

• Anton Wilhelm Amo

The Empiricists

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Ottobah Cugoano

• George Berkeley

• Émilie du Châtelet

The Sentimentalists

• Francis Hutcheson

• David Hume

• Adam Smith

• Sophie de Grouchy

• Mary Shepherd

Immanuel Kant

• Metaphysics & Epistemology

• Ethical Philosophy

• Aesthetics  

The Idealists

• Johann Gottlieb Fichte

• Karoline von Günderrode

• Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling 

• Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The Utilitarians

• Jeremy Bentham

• John Stuart Mill

• Harriet Taylor Mill

• Henry Sidgwick & Constance Jones

• Frances Wright & Annie Besant

19th Century Continental Philosophy

• Arthur Schopenhauer

• Karl Marx

• Søren Kierkegaard 

• Friedrich Nietzsche  

The Pragmatists

• Constance Naden

• Charles Sanders Peirce

• William James

• W.E.B. Du Bois & Alain LeRoy Locke

• John Dewey

• Jane Addams

• Ida B. Wells

The Phenomenologists

• Edmund Husserl

• Edith Stein & Hedwig Conrad-Martius

• Martin Heidegger

• Jean-Paul Sartre

• Simone de Beauvoir

• Maurice Merleau-Ponty

Analytic Philosophy

• The Logical Positivists

• Ludwig Wittgenstein

• Willard van Orman Quine

• Ruth Barcan Marcus

Political & Social Philosophy

• Ideal Theory

• Contemporary Feminist Philosophy