Handheld devices are portable electronic devices that students can hold in their hands. They often have various functionalities and can serve different purposes in science classrooms. 

Simulation software allows students to engage in virtual experiences that simulate real-world phenomena or processes. 

Digital visual aids encompass a variety of technology tools used to enhance visual presentations and engage students in interactive learning experiences.

Online collaboration tools facilitate communication, collaboration, and resource sharing among students and teachers in virtual environments.

Document cameras, also known as visualizers or document cams, are imaging devices that capture live images or videos of documents, objects, or experiments.