The workbench is the heart of the workshop. Like the foundation of a house, a bench must be built with care because it reflects and supports all the work that takes place on top. Probably more than any other tool in the shop, the custom workbench reflects the personality and experience of its maker. For those woodworkers who want to undertake building their own bench, "The Workbench Book" offers valuable advice on design, construction and special features such as vise options.

This fully illustrated guide features more than 275 photos of beautifully crafted workbenches as well as complete plans for four benches. "The Workbench Book" explores benches from around the world, from every historical era and for all of the common (and esoteric) woodworking specialties.


This new 248-page hardbound edition from Lost Art Press ensures "The Workbench Book" will be available to future generations of woodworkers. Produced and printed in the United States, this classic text is printed on FSC-certified recycled paper and features a durable sewn binding designed to last generations. The 1987 text remains the same in this edition and includes a foreword by Christopher Schwarz.



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Frank takes me on a quick tour of the shop to show me their work. While one of his four employees might be building a set of computer cabinets of walnut-faced plywood, another could be restoring an 18th-century English grandfather clock or stripping an office desk. At the far end of the building, we pause for a moment while Frank sprays the handrails for a casket he has built for an elderly client, whose house he has almost entirely restored. In the old country, Klausz explains, there was a cradle-to-grave relationship between the craftsman and his client. As his last commission for the deceased, the cabinetmaker would appear at the funeral, in his Sunday best, to drive the nails into the lid of the box. Clearly, a workbench in this shop needs to be versatile.

As in a lot of other Shaker furniture, the distinctive features of a Shaker workbench are not always immediately obvious. As a utilitarian piece of equipment, the Shaker bench has to meet many of the same requirements as a worldly workbench. There is only so much room for variation and development before such a basic tool becomes over-specialized. Though the Shakers, like their contemporaries, distinguished between joiners or carpenters, who made architectural elements, and cabinetmakers, who made furniture and small goods, the workbenches of these craftsmen were probably quite similar. Chairmaking and boxmaking were separate industries with different workholding requirements. Shaker chairs were a production item, mainly comprised of interchangeable turned parts. Thus the lathe was the primary tool and workholding device. Chairs were clamped in a vise like the one shown below while their seats were woven. Shaker boxes were also mass-produced, and they were assembled on benches that were much smaller and less refined than the workbenches used for furnituremaking or joinery.

The Shaker workbench, like others in the world, has many standard components: a tail vise and dogholes, a front vise, and room for tool storage beneath the top. Likewise, most of the same materials, hand tools and machinery available to the Shakers for workbench making were the same as those used by their worldly counterparts. As a result, similar woods may be found in both Shaker and non-Shaker benches, joined with the same mortise-and-tenon or dovetail joints.

I chose to focus my attention on the Shaker workbench at Hancock Shaker Village, shown on p. 32 [and on the cover, above], for several reasons. It is well made and in good condition and does not appear to have been materially altered. In its dimensions and construction, it is as fine an example of a Shaker bench as any I have seen. And it is the only such bench I am aware of that remains in everyday use in a working, Shaker-style cabinet shop, albeit in an interpretive museum. I will describe details of other Shaker benches I have seen as they differ from the Hancock bench or further an understanding of it.

As my first impression suggested, Shaker benches tend to be massive. The Hancock benchtop is 11 ft. 9 in. long and 38 in. wide. The main body of the top is 3-3/4 in. thick. The smallest Shaker bench I found (at Fruitlands) is only 8 ft. 1 in. long. The largest (at Old Chatham) is 16 ft. 7 in. Most of the others are between 12 ft. and 15 ft. long. Indeed, it would seem that a small Shaker bench would be anything under 10 ft. long-several feet longer than what would be considered a large workbench today. (This may not have been unusual at the time, given the 18th-century Dominy workbenches [p. 13] and the French workbenches described by Roubo [p. 21].)

Joel Moskowitz of Tools for Working Wood had a fun quiz on his blog a couple of years ago, trying to match seven workbenches found in Diderot to the trade associated with them. Although the prize is long gone, it is still quite fun to imagine how each bench may was used. And as he mentions, no cheating by looking it up!

With Japanese planes, which work on the pull stroke, everything locks into place under planing pressure. The plane pulls on the workpiece, which butts into the cherry planing stop, which butts up against the screws. This pushes on the beam, which butts up against the sawhorse with the two screws on the underside, and the sawhorse runs into the wall thanks to the scrap piece of 1x4. Nothing, and I mean NOTHING moves. If this workbench is going to move, that means I was planing so hard that I shifted the position of my basement wall.

I had a few problems with my first workbench. It was too low for carving or for detail work, it was too high for assembly, it was also too high to sit behind my table saw, and it was difficult to move around. It was anything but ergonomic!

The top was too low for a workbench so I had to put some spacers on top of the legs to raise it up.

The next thing I did was to handplane the top level and drill dog holes, then I mounted quick release face and end vises. I bought these Record knock offs at a pretty reasonable price and they work very well.

Not everyone has the space for a 1/2 ton workbench. Many amateurs and professionals alike work in shops that are rented space, or spaces (basements, attics, corn cribs, etc.) that would make it difficult to position one of these Leviathans.

Great post!

The Moravian bench definitely fills a void in the world of workbenches. It has been a bit over three years since I built the first one and I continue to be impressed by it. The dowels in that hold the top work just fine, I have beat the hell out of mine and have not managed to break anything yet! Good luck building yours!

This Shaker style workbench and I developed a long-term and very productive relationship until the year when we moved to a different location where my shop space was less than half the space I had become accustomed to having. After much frustration over working space, I opted to build a smaller bench. The Shaker style bench found a nice home at a nearby woodworking school, but even as it was being disassembled for transport, I knew I would be building another one sometime in the future.

While it is unlikely that I will ever have a full working set of plans for the bench, I have posted a number of detail photos and a more complete description of the bench that might be helpful to anyone wishing to build a similar bench. More information on this workbench can be found here.

Probably more than any other tool in the shop, the custom workbench reflects the personality and experience of its maker. And for the great majority of makers, the construction of the workbench is a labor of love. In The Workbench Book, Scott Landis examines benches for all kinds of woodworking -- from a traditional Shaker bench to a mass-produced Workmate. There are benches for cabinetmakers, boatbuilders, carvers, and country chairmakers. In each case, detailed photos and illustrations show how the bench works and help guide you through the tough parts in its construction. With 19 pages of measured drawings, two chapters on vises, and a list of sources of supply, this is one of woodworking's all-time classic books.

This fully illustrated guide features more than 275 photos of beautifully crafted workbenches as well as complete plans for four benches. "The Workbench Book" explores benches from around the world, from every historical era and for all of the common (and esoteric) woodworking specialties.

A WARP field project in Honduras eventually led to his establishment of GreenWood, which was recognized in 2014 with the first ever Innovation Prize awarded by the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. GreenWood continues to employ appropriate woodworking technologies and creative niche marketing in support of sustainable forest management and economic development. The organisation has trained artisan woodworkers in the Peruvian Amazon and works extensively in Honduras and Puerto Rico. Scott now lives in coastal Maine, where his woodworking and workbench career began. 589ccfa754

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