BIOS Chip
Short for Basic Input/Output System is a ROM chip found on motherboards that allows you to access and set up your computer system at the most basic level.
RAM Card
Alternatively referred to as main memory, primary memory, or system memory, RAM (random-access memory) is a hardware device that allows information to be stored and retrieved on a computer.
Video Card
Also known as display adapter, graphics card, video adapter, video board, or video controller, vieo card is connected to the motherboard its a piece of hardware in your computer that processes images and videos usually handled out by the CPU.
Gamers use them instead of integrated graphics.
Link of information for all compnents: www.computerhope.com