TAS is a spectroscopic technique that measures the absorption spectra and lifetimes of excited states in sample molecules following excitation by a short light pulse.

TRPL is a spectroscopic technique that measures the fluorescence lifetime of sample molecules by statistically accumulating the detection times of single photons emitted from excited states following excitation by a short light pulse. In general, highly sensitive lifetime measurements are performed using time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC).

TPV is a technique that measures the temporal evolution of photovoltage after light excitation under open-circuit conditions.

TPC is a technique that measures the temporal evolution of photocurrent after light excitation under short-circuit conditions.

CE is a technique in which a solar cell operating under illumination is simultaneously switched to short-circuit conditions while the light is turned off, and the amount of remaining extracted charge is analyzed by integrating the extracted current.

CELIV is a technique in which a linearly increasing voltage is applied to a material to forcibly extract trapped charges, and the resulting current transient is analyzed to determine the charge carrier mobility and charge density.