A typical self-build Campervan requires multiple devices from different manufacturers to monitor, control and display information about the battery, solar, water, charging state and inverter.
There are a few available options which can aggregate the sensors , controls and provide a single display...
Victron Cerbo GX / Ekrano G
Venus OS (Victron) + custom hardware
Simarine Pico battery monitor. https://simarine.net/pico-battery-monitor
Smart Road. custom system. proprietary components.
SavvyVan https://www.savvyvan.co.uk
Van-Pi https://pekaway.de/
Home Assistant OS + custom hardware
I try not to get tied into manufacture eco systems where possible and have chosen to use Home Assistant as it offers a large community driven source of add-ons and customisations - bigger than Venus OS. I am also more experienced with HA and comfortable with the setup and modifications.. it's considerably cheaper than all the others but requires more technical knowledge.
Designing your HA system should be based on your requirements, so first, ill list out what i have decided my system needs to do...
Hardware
needs to be Low power
has to have wireless connectivity ( bluetooth, Wifi )
future ability to expand with I/O, switches, sensors as the design evolves.
Software features
Wifi HotSpot
Support a Remote screen
Backup / restore system configs
Monitor Bluetooth BLE for the FogStar Drift 460Ah Battery
Monitor Bluetooth BLE or ve.direct USB cables for Victron SmartSolar, Orion, Shunt, Charger
A Key methodology i like to use with smarthome solutions, is always have physical switches/controls to work alongside the smart features. The `smart` should add to the system intelligence, not remove its usabilty.
Home Assistant OS does not support a screeen directly connected to the host machine (even on HDMI), so a remote screen will need to connect over wired or wifi network to the host and a browser or the HA `App` running on another device /OS.
( an alternative option is to run HA supervised on a Linux OS, and use the Linux desktop to display the Browser. This does reduce the number of devices required, but creates more complexity and depedencies on the single host machine running serveral functions.)
I have a standard `tablet` connected in my House HA install, and the battery charging has become an issue over time, so i have chosen to use a dispaly which does not require an internal battery - avoiding standard phone and tablets.
The remote screen will need to automtically bootup into a browser in kiosk mode.
It needs to touchscreen so the controls can be used.
i want to be able to custmomise the screeen brightness in the evening/daytimes.
it needs to fit on the control panel area i have allocated for it.
I have chosen to use a Raspberry Pi 4, with a 10" touch screen (inportrait oerientation ). powered from the existing 5v DC supply.
Connecting over built-in Wifi to the Vans wireless access point.
Using Raspian Bookworm version, OS with the labwc desktop
10.1" Display from Waveshare.
This needed some Drivers installed from thier Github page, which also includes new screen dimming software.
Setting up Chrome to Launch in Kiosk mode, is quite simple in labwc
Code on Guthub to be able to control the Raspberry PI touchscreen brightness over mqtt..
https://github.com/tofuSCHNITZEL/rpi-screenbrightness-mqtt
The display is registered in mqtt on the HA host and has a simple HA helper setup to automate the screen brightness from 100% daytime, 50% evening, 10% overnight.
setup a mqtt based RPi system monitoring
https://github.com/ironsheep/RPi-Reporter-MQTT2HA-Daemon#installation
The Waveshare 10" Touchscreen does not come with any bezel and simply mounts with a few screws, the RPi fixes directly to the back.
I made a custom 3d printed bezel to fit the touchscreen, as shown below, with the other controls also in matching style bezels.
I have chosen to use ...
Raspberry Pi 5 for the main Home Assistant OS installation, its small in size, powerful enough to run the OS and has built in Wifi & Bluetooth.
a DC 12v to DC 5v, 10A buck converter to provide a steady 5v power supply for the main HA host and any additional 5v requirements in the future.
32Gb SD Card (class 10).
Write Home Assistant OS onto the Raspberry Pi4 onto a 32Gb SD Card (class 10).
https://www.home-assistant.io/installation/raspberrypi/
Install Google Drive Backups add-on
https://community.home-assistant.io/t/add-on-home-assistant-google-drive-backup/107928
Install MQTT add-on
https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/mqtt/
Install Hostapd Wifi Hotspot.
https://community.home-assistant.io/t/add-on-create-a-wi-fi-access-point-with-hass-io-access-point/321732
Install Batmon - Bluetooth BLE (JBD BMS monitoring of the FogStar Drift 460Ah battery)
https://github.com/fl4p/batmon-ha
Install Victron BLE monitoring.
https://github.com/keshavdv/victron-ble
i had some issues with BLE instability, so after reading some articles about RPi4 builtin bluetooth, i opted to get a external device which is using a known and supported chipset. it has been much more stable since.
Install HACS to access even more add-ons and customizations...
https://hacs.xyz/docs/setup/download
Install the HACS `System Power flow` card to provide a energy flow display.
https://github.com/flyrmyr/system-flow-card/releases/latest
Using the custom YAML config here : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-JZkdNHVFeKoWpQXPqLVR7n88ndEAcwg/view?usp=sharing
As the card uses Volts, Amps AND Power, some entities used are `template` helpers, calculating power derived from some calulcations:
Standard entities from devices.
sensor.victron_smartsolar_charger_power
sensor.victron_smartsolar_charger_voltage
sensor.victron_smartsolar_charger_current
sensor.victron_orion_smart_dc_dc_charger_operation_mode
sensor.victron_orion_smart_dc_dc_charger_operation_mode
sensor.victron_orion_smart_dc_dc_charger_input_voltage
sensor.victron_orion_smart_dc_dc_charger_output_voltage
sensor.fogstar_drift_460ah_power
sensor.fogstar_drift_460ah_soc
sensor.fogstar_drift_460ah_cell_voltages_average
sensor.fogstar_drift_460ah_current
sensor.smartshunt_hq2208ajxpu_voltage
sensor.smartshunt_hq2208ajxpu_current
Custom Sensor create to calculate Power / Status
sensor.smartshunt_hq2208ajxpu_power
sensor.shore_power
{% if is_state('device_tracker.hangzhou_broadlink_technology_2a_a0_40', 'home') %} 240{% else %} 0{% endif %}binary_sensor.shore_status
{% if is_state('device_tracker.hangzhou_broadlink_technology_d6_e4_e7', 'home') %} On{% else %} Off{% endif %}sensor.alternator_power
sensor.battery_charger_power
{{ max(0,-1*(states('sensor.fogstar_drift_460ah_power')|float(0)|round(0)) - (states('sensor.victron_smartsolar_charger_power')|float(0)|round(0)) - (states('sensor.alternator_power_meter')|float(0)|round(0)))}}I have chosen to use LED RGBWW lighting for the main Habitation area, Kitchen and Bed. Creating 3 seperately controllable zones.
Each Zone has a Rotating (Dimmer) Push Switch Control.
The Wifi RGB Controller is a Tuya module, with a BK7231T Chipset.
This can be reflashed, with a little bit of work using a USB to TTL adapter..
and allows a much more responsive and locally controllable Wifi LED light controller. Once setup with MQTT it can be integrated into Home Assistant.
https://openbekeniot.github.io/webapp/devicesList.html
I chose the Atoto S8 Standard replacement HeadUnit.#
Atota S8 Standard DoubleDIN Car Stereo
With an Android OS, it can provide native Android Apps from the Google store, with Google Maps, Chrome Browser etc.
It also support wireless (or Wired) Apple Carplay and Android Auto to allow a seamless inegration with most mobiles.
It is configured to connect to the Vans local Wifi AP for Internet connectivity.
Loading the Android `Home Assistant` app onto the headunit, allows some device speciifc entities to be exposed into the Van HA system, Media Volume, GPS position (fuel level, car battery level and mileage are there but ive not seen any data yet)
Inspired by another Van tech enthusiast, i built an ESP32-Wroom + MPU6050 Accelerator/Gyro board to provide angle data.
I added some enhancements to give me the wheel distance difference - which should help with decisions about how much to raise each wheel to get to level.
And an ajustable `offset` values to help `zero` the van level if the calibration drifts.
I have a PIR Motion Sensor Switch, connected to a 12v computer fan in the shower/toilet cubicle.
This allows the fan to be switched on/off touchfree, with a wave of the hand to help reduce odour or steam/moisture.
I chose to use a Router with the following features
Wired LAN Ports
just 1 connection required to the HA RPi.
Wifi AP + DHCP
Broadcast a Wifi AP for the VAN and local devices to connect to.
Allow briding of the Wired and Wifi AP `LAN` to the Internet
Wifi Client mode
To allow the Router to connect to my home Wifi network whren its within range, or a campsite network if available for internet connectivity.
4G Mobile Data (using a physical Sim Card)
For roaming Internet access, 4G is capable enough, (without the need to streaming video or live gaming) using a Lyca Mobile PAYG sim card which can be disabled/enabled remotely when required for travel and has an unlimited Data package option.
HA integration for view link status, speeds etc.
A few methods could provide this SNMP, API,MQTT
I found the Teltonika range of products have a lot of options, and picked yup the RUT241 for a good price , its still in support and can handle my requirements. Pepwave also were considered... but not so available.
SNMP turned out to be the simplest option to enable remote monitoring. I have setup around 11 snmp objects to monitor mobile data and Wifi elements in HA.
To get the best reception, of remote Wifi or Mobile Data., an external antenna is required outside of the meal box of a Van. I have the Teltonika external Antenna:
on my list of improvements are...
Look at upgrading the Victron Orion DC-DC charger 30A to the new 50A one.
Integrate the CBE Fresh Water/Waste level sensors into HA and remove the water level LED display.
Integrate the Renogy Inverter on/off switch into HA control and add another Shunt to monitor the Inverter current. (i only have one currently on the DC fuse box for the lower power devices).. and remove the Control unit.
Add 240v Water heater relay + Temp Sensor