THE LOST GOSPEL OF PETER

THE LOST GOSPEL ACCORDING TO PETER

[In the valley of the Upper Nile, on the right bank of the river, is the mysterious town of Akhmîm. It was called Panopolis in ancient times when it was the capital of the district. The remnants of monasteries and the ruins of temples mark the intellectual life of a former day.

In 1888, the French Archæological Mission excavating in the grave of a monk, came upon a parchment codex. Six years later a translation of this was published in the Memoirs of the French Archæological Mission at Cairo. Scholars realized for the first time that a striking discovery, possibly of overwhelming importance, had been made. A portion of The Gospel According to Peter appeared to have been restored to the Christian Community after having been lost for ages. But until now, this document has never been made available to the general public.

Centuries rolled over that remote tomb at Akhmîm, while nations rose and fell, wars blasted civilization, science metamorphosed the world, Shakespeares and Miltons wrote their names and passed on, the American nation was born and grew up—all the while the ink on the parchment in that Egyptian tomb was scarcely changing—and the beautiful words of this Scripture were preserving for us this version of the most tragic and momentous event in history. That briefly is the romance of The Lost Gospel According to Peter.

Such a gospel was referred to by Serapion, Bishop of Antioch, in 190 A.D.; Origen, historian, in 253 A.D.; Eusebius, Bishop of Caesarea in 300 A.D.; Theodoret in 455 in his Religious History said that the Nazarenes used The Gospel According to Peter; and Justin Martyr includes the Memoirs of Peter in his "Apostolic Memoirs." Thus scholars have always recognized that such a document existed long ago, although its whereabouts and fate were a mystery until the discovery at Akhmîm.

While in general the story of the trial and crucifixion that Is revealed here follows that of the canonical gospels, in detail it is very different. This account is freer from constraint; and with the events between the burial and resurrection of our Lord, it is much more ample and detailed than anything in the canonical tradition.

There are indeed twenty-nine variations of fact between this Lost Gospel According to Peter and the four canonical gospels. Some of the most important that the reader will note are as follows: 

1. Herod was the one who gave the order for the execution. 

2. Joseph was a friend of Pilate. 

3. In the darkness many went about with lamps and fell down. (That is a startling glimpse of the confusion that seized the people.) 

4. Our Lord's cry of "My power, my power." 

5. The account of how the disciples had to hide because they were searched for as malefactors anxious to burn the temple. 

6. The name of the centurion who kept watch at the tomb was Petronius.

It is also interesting to note the prominence assigned to Mary Magdalene; and how this account tends to lay more responsibility on Herod and the people, while relieving Pilate somewhat of his share in the action that was taken. Also, the Resurrection and Ascension are here recorded not as separate events but as occurring on the same day.

There will be a great divergence of opinion as to the place of this document and its relation to the canonical scriptures. Its existence is here proclaimed, and beyond that every reader may form his own estimate of its value. The Rev. D. H. Stanton, D.D., in the Journal of Theological Studies, commenting on Justin Martyr's ancient testimony, and this present document, says: "The conclusion with which we are confronted is that The Gospel of Peter once held a place of honor, comparable to that assigned to the Four Gospels, perhaps even higher than some of them . . ."]

Herod was the one who gave the order for the execution

1 BUT of the Jews none washed his hands, neither Herod nor any one of his judges. And when they had refused to wash them, Pilate rose up. And then Herod (the king) commandeth that the Lord be taken saying to them, 

What things soever I commanded you to do unto him, do.

2 And there was standing there Joseph (the friend of Pilate and of the Lord); and, knowing that they were about to crucify him, he came to Pilate and asked the body (of the Lord) for burial. And Pilate sent to Herod and asked his body. And Herod said, 

Brother Pilate, even if no one has asked for him, we purposed to bury him, especially as the Sabbath draweth on: for it is written in the law, 

that the sun set not upon one that hath been put to death.

3 And he delivered him to the people on the day before the unleavened bread, their feast. And they took the Lord and pushed him as they ran, and said, 

Let us drag away the Son (of God) having obtained power over him. 

And they clothed him with purple, and set him on the seat of judgment, saying, 

Judge righteously, O king of Israel. 

And one of them brought a crown (of thorns) and put it on the head (of the Lord). And others stood and spat in his eyes, and others smote his cheeks: others pricked him with a reed; and some scourged him, saying, 

with this honor let us honor the Son (of God).

4 And they brought two malefactors, and they crucified the Lord between them. But he held his peace, [as] though having no pain. And when they had raised the cross, they wrote the title: 

This is the king of Israel. 

And having set his garments before him they parted them among them, and cast lots for them. And one of those malefactors reproached them, saying, 

we for the evils that we have done have suffered thus, but this man, who hath become the Saviour (of men) what wrong hath he done to you? 

And they, being angered at him, commanded that his legs should not be broken, that he might die in torment.

5 And it was noon, and darkness came over all Judæa1: and they were troubled and distressed, lest the sun had set, whilst he was yet alive: [for] it is written for them,

that the sun set not on him that hath been put to death. 

And one (of them) said, 

Give him to drink gall with vinegar.2

And they mixed and gave him to drink, and fulfilled all things, and accomplished their sins against their own head. And many went about with lamps, supposing that it was night, and fell down. And the Lord cried out, saying, 

my power, my power, thou hast forsaken me. 

And when he had said it he was taken up. And in that hour the vail (of the temple) of Jerusalem was rent in twain.

6 And then they drew out the nails from the hands of the Lord, and laid him upon the earth, and the whole earth quaked1, and great fear arose. Then the sun shone, and it was found the ninth hour: and the Jews rejoiced, and gave his body to Joseph that he might bury it, since he had seen what good things he had done. And he took the Lord, and him, and rolled him in a linen cloth, and brought him to his own tomb, which was called the Garden of Joseph.

7 Then the Jews and the elders and the priests, perceiving what evil they had done to themselves, began to lament and to say, 

Woe for our sins: the judgment hath drawn nigh, and the end (of Jerusalem). 

And I with my companions was grieved; and being wounded in mind we hid ourselves: for we were being sought for by them [as] malefactors, and as wishing to set fire to the temple. And upon all these things we fasted and sat mourning and weeping night and day until the Sabbath.

8 But the scribes and Pharisees and elders being gathered together one with another, when they heard that all the people murmured and beat their breasts saying, 

If by his death these most mighty signs have come to pass, see how righteous he is,

—the elders were afraid and came to Pilate beseeching him and saying, 

Give us soldiers, that we may guard his sepulchre for three days, lest his disciples come and steal him away, and the people suppose that he is risen from the dead and do us evil. 

And Pilate gave them Petronius (the centurion)3 with soldiers to guard the tomb. And with them came elders and scribes to the sepulchre, and having rolled a great stone together with the centurion and the soldiers, they all together who were there set it at the door of the sepulchre; and they affixed seven seals, and they pitched a tent there and guarded it. And early in the morning as the Sabbath was drawing on, there came a multitude from Jerusalem and the region round about, that they might see the sepulchre that was sealed.

9 And in the night in which the Lord's day was drawing on, as the soldiers kept guard two by two in a watch, there was a great voice in the heaven; and they saw the heavens opened, and two men descend from thence with great light and approach the tomb. And that stone which was put at the door rolled of itself and made way in part; and the tomb was opened, and both the young men entered in.

10 When therefore those soldiers saw it, they awakened the centurion and the elders; for they too were hard by keeping guard. And as they declared what things they had seen, again they see three men come forth from the tomb, and two of them supporting one, and a cross following them: and (of the two) the head reached unto the heaven, but the head (of him) who was lead by them overpassed the heavens. And they heard a voice from the heavens, saying, 

Thou hast preached to them that sleep. 

And a response was heard from the cross, 

Yea.

11 They therefore considered one with another whether to go away and shew these things to Pilate. And while they yet thought thereon, the heavens again are seen to open, and a certain man to descend and enter into the sepulchre. When the centurion and they (that were with him) saw these things, they hastened in the night to Pilate, leaving the tomb (which they were watching) and declared all things which they had seen, being greatly distressed and saying, 

Truly he was the Son (of God). 

Pilate answered and said, 

I am pure from the blood of the Son (of God): but it was ye who determined this. 

Then they all drew near and besought him and entreated him to command the centurion and the soldiers to say nothing of the things which they had seen: For it is better, say they, for us to be guilty of the greatest sin before God, and not to fall into the hands of the people of the Jews and to be stoned. Pilate therefore commanded the centurion and the soldiers to say nothing.

12 And at dawn upon the Lord's day Mary Magdalene (a disciple of the Lord) fearing because of the Jews, since they were burning with wrath, had not done at the Lord's sepulchre the things which women are wont to do for those that die and for those that are beloved by them—she took her friends with her and came to the sepulchre where he was laid. And they feared lest the Jews should see them, and they said, 

Although on that day on which he was crucified we could not weep and lament, yet now let us do these things at his sepulchre. But who shall roll away for us the stone that was laid at the door of the sepulchre, that we may enter in and sit by him and do the things that are due? For the stone was great, and we fear lest some one see us. And if we cannot, yet if we but set at the door the things which we bring as a memorial of him, we will weep and lament, until we come unto our home.

13 And they went and found the tomb opened, and coming near they looked in there; and they see there a certain young man sitting in the midst of the tomb, beautiful and clothed in a robe exceeding bright; who said to them, 

Wherefore are ye come? Who seek ye? Him that was crucified? He is risen and gone. But if ye believe not, look in and see the place where he lay, that he is not [here]; for he is risen and gone thither, whence he was sent. 

Then the women feared and fled.

14 Now it was the last day (of the unleavened bread) and many were going forth, returning to their homes, as the feast was ended. But we (the twelve disciples of the Lord) wept and were grieved: and each one, being grieved for that which was come to pass, departed to his home. But I (Simon Peter) and Andrew (my brother) took our nets and went to the sea; and there was with us Levi (the son of Alphæus), whom the Lord . . .

FOOTNOTE

1. Read: Isaiah 13:10;  Revelation 6:12;

2. Read: Psalms 69:21

3. definition: Classical Mythology one of a race of monsters having the head, trunk, and arms of a man, and the body and legs of a horse; Sagittarius

BOOK OF 1 THESSALONIANS