In "Examining the noisy life of the college musician: weeklong noise dosimetry of music and non-music activities", based on a one-week long assessment of the noise exposure of 22 college student musicians and 40 non-musicians, Tufts and Skoe concluded the following:

• “musicians experienced significantly higher average exposure levels than did non-musicians. Nearly half (47%) of the musicians’ days exceeded a daily dose of 100%;).”
• “For some musicians, non-music activities contributed a larger share of their total weekly noise exposure than did their music activities.”

Also from Tufts and Skoe, 2018:

• "A growing body of research indicates that college music students’ exposure to sound routinely exceeds the recommended exposure limits specified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH (1998)"
• "Phillips et al. have identified high-frequency hearing loss ‘‘notches’’ consistent with excessive sound exposure in college music students and have shown that these notches become more pronounced with increasing years spent in a college music programme"