Publications

†  1st author equally contributed

*  Corresponding author

2025

[57] C.-J. Beak, S. Park, J. Park, H.-L. Park,* S.-H. Lee,* "Stochastic Resistive Switching in Memristors as Physically Unclonable Functions", 

Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 58, 443002 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 10. 30

[56] J.-S. Ro, H.-L. Park,* "Suppression of Leakage in Small-Molecule Memristors via Fluoropolymer-Assisted Electric Field Modulation", 

Flexible and Printed Electronics, 10, 035014 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 09. 12

[55] J. Lee,† I.-S. Cho,† C.-J. Beak, H.-L. Park,* S.-H. Lee,* "Small Molecule-based Memristive Framework with Hybrid Plasticity for Flexible Reservoir Computing Integration", 

Advanced Functional Materials, , e15933 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 08. 28

[54] S.-H. Kim,† J.-H. Yun,† H.-L. Park,* S.-H. Lee,* "Neuromorphic Motor Control with Electrolyte-Gated Organic Synaptic Transistors", 

Advanced Electronic Materials, , e00359 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 08. 20

[53] M.-J. Choi,† G.-C. Choi,† S.-B. Lee, T.-W. Lee,* H.-L. Park,* "Near-Infrared-Detectable Artificial Synapses for Advanced Neuromorphic Vision Applications",

Journal of Physics: Materials, 8, 042001  (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 07. 31 

[52] H.-B. Jang,† J.-H. Choi,† Y.-W. Lee, H.-L. Park*, "Enhanced Environmental Stability of Organic Phototransistors via Dual-Functional Polymeric Encapsulation",

ACS Applied Electronic Materials, 7, 7092 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 07. 30

[51] Y.-W. Lee, H.-M. An, H.-L. Park,* "Optimization of Photosensing Properties in Organic Photonic Synaptic Transistors via Grain Morphology Engineering",

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 36, 1291 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 07. 22

[50] H.-M. An, S. Yang, H.-L. Park,* S.-H. Lee,* "Vertical Synaptic Transistors Based on Flexible Semiconductors for Neuromorphic Applications", 

Chemistry – An Asian Journal, 20, e202401943 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 05. 09

[49] Y. Hwang, Y.-W. Lee, C.-H. Kim, H.-L. Park,* M.-H. Kim,* "Electrically Erasable Multi-Level Charge Trapping Memory with Metal Nanoparticle Engineering for Organic Synaptic Transistors", 

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 13, 11235-11244 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 04. 29 

[48] J.-H. Choi, H.-M. An, H.-L. Park,* "Polarized Light-Sensitive Optoelectronic Synapses for Expanding Artificial Vision Systems", 

Flexible and Printed Electronics, 10, 013501 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 2. 21

[47] H.-H. Lee,† J.-S. Ro,† K.-N. Kim,† H.-L. Park,* T.-W. Lee*, "Exploring Photosensitive Nanomaterials and Optoelectronic Synapses for Neuromorphic Artificial Vision",

Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 35, 101215  (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 03. 00

[46] Y. Zhao,† S. Lee,† T. Long, H.-L. Park,* T.-W. Lee*, "Natural biomaterials for sustainable flexible neuromorphic devices",

Biomaterials, 314, 122861 (2025)

Publication date: 2025. 03. 00

2024

[45] J.-H. Choi,† H. S. Hwang,† H.-B. Jang, S.-U. Kim,* H.-L. Park*, "Flexible Phototransistors Integrated with Chiral Liquid Crystal Encapsulating Film for Improving Color Selectivity and Stability",

ACS Applied Electronic Materials, 6, 8094  (2024)

Publication date: 2024. 10. 30

[44] U.-C. Jeong,† J.-S. Ro,† H.-L. Park,* T.-W. Lee*, "Modulating short-term and long-term plasticity of polymer-based artificial synapses for neuromorphic computing and beyond",

Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering, 4, 032001 (2024)

Publication date: 2024. 7. 22

2023

[43] H.-S. Lee,† J.-S. Ro,† G.-M. Ko, H.-L. Park*, "Flexible and stretchable synaptic devices for wearable neuromorphic electronics",

Flexible and Printed Electronics, 8, 043001 (2023)

Publication date: 2023. 11. 30

[42] H.-S. Lee, U.-C. Jeong, K.-Y. Seo, S.-D. Lee, H.-L. Park*, "Reduction of Current Path of Solution-Processed Organic Photosynaptic Transistors for Neuromorphic Computing", 

Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 84, 264 (2024)

Publication date: 2023. 11. 28

[41] H.-M. An, H. Jang, H. Kim, S.-D. Lee, S.-H. Lee,* H.-L. Park,* "Engineered Current Path of Vertical Organic Phototransistors for Smart Optoelectronic Applications",

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 11, 14580 (2023)

Publication date: 2023. 10. 05

★ Selected as HOT paper by Editors !

[40] N. Kim,† G.-T. Go,† H.-L. Park, Y. Ahn, J. Kim, Y. Lee, D.-G. Seo, W. Lee, Y.-H. Kim,* H. Yang,* T.-W. Lee*, "Molecular Tailoring to Achieve Long-Term Plasticity in Organic Synaptic Transistors for Neuromorphic Computing",

Advanced Intelligent Systems, 5, 202300016 (2023)

Publication date: 2023. 07. 08

[39] H. Kim, M. Kim, A. Lee, H.-L. Park, J. Jang, J.-H. Bae, I. M. Kang, E.-S. Kim*, S.-H. Lee*, "Organic Memristor-Based Flexible Neural Networks with Bio-Realistic Synaptic Plasticity for Complex Combinatorial Optimization",

Advanced Science, 10, 2300659 (2023)

Publication date: 2023. 05. 15

[38] G.-M. Ko, Y. G. Kang, U.-C. Jeong, T.-W. Lee,* H.-L. Park*, "Polymeric Gate Insulators to Induce Synaptic Photoresponse of Organic Transistors", 

Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 83, 320 (2023) 

Publication date: 2023.04.21

[37] S.-H. Lee,† H.-L. Park,† S.-H. Lee, E.-K. Noh, S. Hwa, J. Lee, J.-H. Lee, M.-H. Kim*, "Systematic Investigation of Subtractive Contact Patterning for High-Resolution Organic Electronic Devices",

ACS Applied Electronic Materials, 5, 2197 (2023)

Publication date: 2023. 03. 28

[36] S. Oh,† H. Kim,† S. E. Kim, M.-H. Kim, H.-L. Park, S.-H. Lee*, "Biodegradable and Flexible Polymer-Based Memristor Possessing Optimized Synaptic Plasticity for Eco-Friendly Wearable Neural Networks with High Energy Efficiency",

Advanced Intelligent Systems, 5, 200272 (2023)

Publication date: 2023. 02. 17

★ Selected as Editor's choice !

[35] J.-S. Ro,† H.-M. An,† H.-L. Park*, "Electrolyte-gated synaptic transistors for brain-inspired computing",

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 62, SE0801 (2023)

Publication date: 2023. 01. 11

2022

[34] G.-M. Ko, S.-B. Lee, M.-J. Choi, H.-L. Park*, "Recent Progress in Organic-Based Photonic Synapses",

Journal of Flexible&Printed Electronics, 1, 155 (2022)

Publication date: 2022.12. 

[33] H.-L. Park,* M. Choi, "Flexible transparent memory systems based on solution‑processed organic memristors",

Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 81, 285 (2022) 

Publication date: 2022.07.15

[32] K.-N. Kim,† M.-J. Sung,† H.-L. Park,† T.-W. Lee*, "Organic Synaptic Transistors for Bio-Hybrid Neuromorphic Electronics",

Advanced Electronic Materials, 8, 2100935 (2022)

Publication date: 2022.01.07

[31] H.-L. Park, J. Jun, M.-H. Kim, and S.-H. Lee*, "Introduction of Helical Photonic Crystal Insulator in Organic Phototransistor for Enhancing Selective Color Absorption",

Organic Electronics, 100, 106385 (2022) 

Publication date: 2022.01.

2021

[30] M.-H. Kim, H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, J. Jang, J.-H. Bae, I. M. Kang, S.-H. Lee*, "Fluoropolymer-based organic memristor with multifunctionality for flexible neural network system",

npj Flexible Electronics, 5, 34 (2021)

Publication date: 2021.12.17

[29] H.-L. Park, T.-W. Lee*, "Organic and perovskite memristors for neuromorphic computing",

Organic Electronics, 98, 106301 (2021)

Publication date: 2021.08.05

[28] G. Lee, H.-L. Park, S.-H. Lee, M.-H. Kim,* S.-D. Lee*, "Enhancement of charge injection in organic field-effect transistors through semiconducting organic buffer layer",

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 21, 3923 (2021)

Publication date: 2021.07.01

[27] H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, H. Kim, S.-H. Lee*, "Self-selective organic memristor by engineered conductive nanofilament diffusion for realization of practical neuromorphic system", 

Advanced Electronic Materials, 7, 2100299 (2021)

Publication date: 2021.06.23

★ Selected as inside front cover !

[26] H.-L. Park, S. Kang, J.-H. Suh, S.-D. Lee, S.-H. Lee*, "Balance of surface energy difference between wetting and dewetting regions for patterning solution-processed organic light-emitting diode", 

Organic Electronics, 95, 106203 (2021)

Publication date: 2021.04.21

[25] Y. Lee,† H.-L. Park,† Y. Kim, T.-W. Lee*, “Organic electronic synapses with low energy consumption”, 

Joule, 5, 794 (2021) 

Publication date: 2021.04.21

[24] D.-G. Seo,† G.-T. Go,† H.-L. Park, T.-W. Lee*, "Organic synaptic transistors for flexible and stretchable artificial sensory nerves", 

MRS Bulletin, 46, 321-329 (2021)

Publication date: 2021.04.06

2020

[23] S.-H. Lee,* H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, M.-H. Kim, B.-G. Park, S.-D. Lee, “Realization of biomimetic synaptic functions in one-cell organic resistive switching device by using diffusive parameter of conductive filament”, 

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 12, 51719 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.11.05

[22] H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, M.-H. Kim,* S.-H. Lee*, “Reliable organic memristors for neuromorphic computing by predefining a localized ion-migration path in crosslinkable polymer electrolytes”, 

Nanoscale, 12, 22502 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.10.26

[21] H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim,* S.-H. Lee*, “Introduction of interfacial load polymeric layer to organic flexible memristor for regulating conductive filament growth”, 

Advanced Electronic Materials, 6, 2000582 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.09.11

[20] H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim,* S.-H. Lee*, “Control of conductive filament growth in flexible organic memristor by polymer alignment”, 

Organic Electronics, 87, 105927 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.07.06

[19] H.-L. Park,† Y. Lee,† N. Kim, D.-G. Seo, G.-T. Go, T.-W. Lee*, “Flexible Neuromorphic Electronics for Computing, Soft Robotics, and Neuroprosthetics”, 

Advanced Materials, 32, 1903558 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.04.16

[18] H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, H. Kim*, “Improvement of Photoresponse in Organic Phototransistors through Bulk Effect of Photoresponsive Gate Insulators”, 

Materials, 13, 1565 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.03.28

[17] H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, H. Kim*, “Enhanced Optical Switching Characteristics of Organic Phototransistor by Adopting Photo-Responsive Polymer in Hybrid Gate-Insulator Configuration”, 

Polymers, 12, 527 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.03.01

[16] H.-L. Park, H. Kim, D. Lim, H. Zhou, Y.-H. Kim, Y. Lee, S. Park*, T.-W. Lee*, “Retina-Inspired Carbon Nitride-Based Photonic Synapses for Selective Detection of UV Light”, 

Advanced Materials, 32, 1906899 (2020) 

Publication date: 2020.01.27

★ Selected as inside front cover !

[15] H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim,* H. Kim*, “Modulation of memory effect in organic phototransistors by controlling energy barrier between organic semiconductor and source electrode”, 

Semiconductor Science and Technology, 35, 025011 (2020)

Publication date: 2020.01.06

2019

[14] S.-H. Lee, H.-L. Park, S. Kang, M.-H. Kim, S.-D. Lee*, "Organic thin-film transistors with liquid crystalline polymer insulator integrated for solution-processed organic light-emitting devices", 

Semiconductor Science and Technology, 34, 105012 (2019)

Publication date: 2019.09.12

[13] D.-G. Seo,† Y. Lee,† G.-T. Go, M. Pei, S. Jung, Y. H. Jeong, W. Lee, H.-L. Park, S.-W. Kim, H. Yang, C. Yang, T.-W. Lee*, "Versatile neuromorphic electronics by modulating synaptic decay of single organic synaptic transistor: From artificial neural networks to neuroprosthetics", 

Nano Energy, 65, 104035 (2019)

Publication date: 2019.08.19

[12] S.-H. Lee, H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, S. Kang, S.-D. Lee*, "Interfacial Triggering of Conductive Filament Growth in Organic Flexible Memristor for High Reliability and Uniformity", 

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 11, 30108 (2019)

Publication date: 2019.07.31

[11] S.-H. Lee, H. Kim, H.-L. Park, S. Kang, S.-D. Lee*, "Solution-processed organic light-emitting diode in high-resolution line patterns by scalable wetting modification", 

Organic Electronics, 73, 332 (2019)

Publication date: 2019.06.27

[10] H.-L. Park, S.-H. Lee, M.-H. Kim, H. Kim*, "Effect of photoresponsive polymer gate insulators on performance of poly(4-vinylphenol)-based organic phototransistors", 

Semiconductor Science and Technology, 34, 075006 (2019)

Publication date: 2019.06.12

[9] S.-H. Lee, H.-L. Park, C.-M. Keum, I.-H. Lee, M.-H. Kim, S.-D. Lee*, “Organic Flexible Memristor with Reduced Operating Voltage and High Stability by Interfacial Control of Conductive Filament Growth”, 

Physica Status Solidi-Rapid Research Letters, 13, 1900044 (2019)

Publication date: 2019.02.27

~2017

[8] C.-M. Keum, I.-H. Lee, H.-L. Park, C. Kim, B. Lüssem, J. S. Choi, S.-D. Lee*, “Principle of topography-directed inkjet printing for functional micro-tracks in flexible substrates”, 

Journal of Applied Physics, 121, 244902 (2017)

Publication date: 2017.06.26

[7] G. Lee, I.-H. Lee, H.-L. Park, S.-H. Lee, J. Han, C. Lee, C.-M. Keum, S.-D. Lee*, "Vertical organic light-emitting transistor showing a high current on/off ratio through dielectric encapsulation for the effective charge pathway", 

Journal of Applied Physics, 121, 024502 (2017)

Publication date: 2017.01.12

[6] H.-L. Park, I.-H. Lee, C.-M. Keum, S.-H. Lee, S.-D. Lee*, "Effect of morphological and physicochemical properties of dielectric-organic semiconductor interfaces on photoresponse of organic phototransistors", 

Thin Solid Films, 619, 297 (2016)

Publication date: 2016.11.30

[5] W.-W. Noh, S.-H. Lee, G. Lee, I.-H. Lee, H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, S.-D. Lee*, "Dependence of Bias Stress on Hydrophobicity of Gate Insulator in Solution-Processed Organic Thin-Film Transistors", 

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 16, 8618 (2016)

Publication date: 2016.08.01

[4] H.-L. Park, B.-Y. Lee, S.-U. Kim, J.-H. Suh, M.-H. Kim, S.-D. Lee*, "Importance of surface modification of a microcontact stamp for pattern fidelity of soluble organic semiconductors", 

Journal of Micro-Nanolithography MEMS and MOEMS, 15, 013501 (2016)

Publication date: 2016.01.22

[3] S.-M. Cho, C.-M. Keum, H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, J.-H. Bae, S.-D. Lee*, "Integrated polymer solar cells in serial architecture with patterned charge-transporting MoOx for miniature high-voltage sources", 

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 53, 042301 (2014)

Publication date: 2014.03.13

[2] S.-M. Cho, H.-L. Park, M.-H. Kim, S.-U. Kim, S.-D. Lee*, "Array of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with micropatterned TiO2 nanoparticles for a high-voltage power source", 

Nanoscale Research Letters, 8, 491 (2013)

Publication date: 2013.11.20

[1] C.-M. Keum, J.-H. Bae, M.-H. Kim, H.-L. Park, M. M. Payne, J. E. Anthony, S.-D. Lee*, "Topography-guided spreading and drying of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene solution on a polymer insulator for the fieldeffect mobility enhancement",

Applied Physics Letters, 102, 193307 (2013) 

Publication date : 2013. 05.17