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U.S. Army Maj. Gen. Chris Donahue was the very last American service member to leave the country Monday. He's commander of the 82nd Airborne Division, XVIII Airborne Corps.

A handout provided by the U.S. Central Command shows Donahue boarding the plane, which also carried U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan Ross Wilson.

In the intervening years, more than 800,000 service members served in Afghanistan. The war claimed the lives of thousands of U.S. service members and civilians. The casualty count included the 13 U.S. service members who were killed last week in an attack outside the Kabul airport.

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By the first week of May 1945, the German Army was almost totally destroyed. Allied armies were advancing on all European fronts; the imminent surrender of Germany was a certainty. In these last days of World War II in Europe, American soldiers continued to fight bravely. One such soldier was Pfc. Charley Havlat, who was shot in a German ambush on May 7. Havlat is considered to be the last American killed in the European Theater of Operations. He is buried in Plot C, Row 5, Grave 75, in Lorraine American Cemetery, France.

The last soldier to leave Afghanistan on the day the U.S. concluded its 20-year war has been identified as Major General Chris Donahue, commander of the U.S. Army 82nd Airborne Division, XVIII Airborne Corps. Donahue was one of the commanders on the ground leading the evacuation mission.

In reality, however, the agreement was little more than a face-saving gesture by the U.S. government. Even before the last American troops departed on March 29, the communists violated the cease-fire, and by early 1974 full-scale war had resumed. At the end of 1974, South Vietnamese authorities reported that 80,000 of their soldiers and civilians had been killed in fighting during the year, making it the most costly of the Vietnam War.

General John Pershing, chief of the American Expeditionary Forces, officially recorded Gunther as the last American soldier to die in World War I, although the death toll would climb as it took several days for the news to reach remote battlefronts around the globe.

At its peak in 2011, the US had approximately 100,000 troops across at least 10 military bases from Bagram to Kandahar. In total, more than 800,000 US soldiers served in the war according to the Pentagon.

The Ramstein Air Base in Germany is the largest hub for US troops and military supplies in Europe. Just outside the 1,200 hectares (3,000 acres) base is the Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, the largest US military hospital outside the US. The facility was used extensively during the Afghanistan and Iraq wars and treated thousands of wounded soldiers.

The road to that point had been long and bloody, a plodding march from the landing beaches on April 1 to the southern tip of the mainland. For three months, US military forces engaged in merciless fighting for control of 640 square miles of the Ryukyu Islands, only 340 miles from mainland Japan. Operation Iceberg on Okinawa, the last major battle of the war, was a combined operation of unprecedented scale, a savage climax for a combat theater marked by years of unrelenting savagery.

One of the last photographs taken of Lieutenant General Simon Bolivar Buckner (foreground, holding camera), he watches an assault from a ridge on Okinawa. US Marine Corps photograph. The National WWII Museum, Gift of Dylan Utley, Accession #2012.019.404

The work still continues today, though. Of the approximately 10,000 sets of remains recovered from Okinawa and the surrounding islands, around 200 Marines and soldiers, more than 600 sailors, and about 450 airmen remain unaccounted for. Historians and analysts from the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) continue to track details of losses from Okinawa.

That soldier proved to be the only one of more than 20,000 convicted deserters during that war to suffer the death penalty. The last deserter to be executed had been during the Civil War. There have been no others.

One diplomat working to facilitate the evacuation was Wolfgang J. Lehmann, who served as the Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. embassy in Saigon. Lehmann was one of the last people to leave the embassy on April 30th.

The home that soldiers returned to was quite different than the one they left in 1917-1918. Prohibition, criminalizing the sale of alcohol, was in effect nationwide after decades of advocating by various temperance groups. The majority of women federally gained the right to vote through the 19th Amendment ratified in 1920; additionally, many women were not eager to abandon the economic and social freedoms enjoyed during the war. There was also societal and political unrest with the First Red Scare, labor agitations and violent race riots. Veterans, feeling abandoned by the government that they served and supported, increasingly argued for Congress to assist with their welfare, finally achieving passage of a post-dated bonus bond in 1924. Unfortunately, at the very time when these bonds came due and were needed the most, the country collapsed into the Great Depression. This led veterans to march on Washington, D.C. in 1932, only to be forcibly turned away by the very military they served in during World War I.

American victory. Outnumbered and outfought during a three-week siege in which they sustained great losses, British troops surrendered to the Continental Army and their French allies. This last major land battle of the American Revolution led to negotiations for peace with the British and the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783.

After six years of war, both the British and Continental armies were exhausted. The British, in hostile territory, held only a few coastal areas in America. On the other side of the Atlantic, Britain was also waging a global war with France and Spain. The American conflict was unpopular and divisive, and there was no end in sight. For the colonies, the long struggle for independence was leading to enormous debt, food shortages, and a lack of morale among the soldiers. Both sides were desperately seeking a definitive victory.

With the help of French engineers, American and French troops begin to dig a series of parallel trenches, which bring troops and artillery close enough to inflict damage on the British. Feverishly working night and day, soldiers of the combined forces employ spades and axes to create a perimeter line of trenches that will trap the British. As the work on the parallels continues, the British attempt to disrupt Allied operations by using what little artillery they have left. Their attempts prove futile.

At a summit in Lisbon, Portugal, NATO member countries sign a declaration agreeing to hand over full responsibility for security in Afghanistan to Afghan forces by the end of 2014. The transition process is set to begin in July 2011, with local security forces taking over control in relatively stable provinces and cities. The initial handover is to coincide with the start of a drawdown in the one hundred thousand-strong contingent of U.S. troops deployed in Afghanistan, though the number of U.S. soldiers leaving is expected to be a token amount. But many in Afghanistan and in the West, including members of the Afghan parliament, are concerned about the ability of national forces to take over from international troops.

As behind-the-scenes work on the U.S. Army Field Artillery Museum's new gallery creeps quietly forward, the museum at Fort Sill, Oklahoma tells an ever-more-complete story of the branch's history in uniforms.

"Throughout the museum we have uniforms on exhibit, and starting with the World War I uniforms, all of those uniforms in the cases are original and they're complete from head to toe," Field Artillery Museum Director Gordon Blaker said.

Three cabinets, each containing three glass-paned exhibit cases with two uniforms per case, have been added to the new gallery, which depicts field artillery history from 1950 to the present. Some of the 18 uniforms came out of the north gallery, where additional new uniforms replaced them, Blaker noted.

The nine new cases house both friendly and enemy uniforms from the Korean War up to present day.

For Korea, "we have an American Korean War uniform, which is really a World War II winter uniform, because most of the uniforms worn in combat during the Korean War were the World War II-model uniforms or ones that came out (about) 1948. They weren't the model 1951 winter uniforms, which were developed because of the Korean War, but most of that clothing and equipment did not make it over there while the fighting was going on," Blaker explained.

Instead, the troops wore WWII ski parkas, what was sometimes called a "bunny cap,' and a WWII version of the winter boots.

Opposite the American Soldier in the same case is a "Chi-Com" or Chinese Communist uniform -- all original and complete, which was very difficult to do, the director said.

"Some of the items were in the Army museum system, and I got those transferred here. And then I hunted down and acquired the other pieces," he said. "It's a quilted uniform, which was very warm, but then if it got wet you had a serious problem on your hands, because it's not at all waterproof. That quilting just soaks up the water."

The second case contains a khaki Army uniform of the 1950s worn up through the Vietnam War. It belonged to Capt. (later Maj.) Charles Clime, an officer who was an aerial forward observer during World War II and the Korean War.

Beside it is the model 1951 uniform widely worn in the last part of the Korean War and after the war; American Soldiers stationed in Germany frequently wore it, too. It has a newer-model field jacket and the famous "Mickey Mouse" boots, as they were dubbed. Blaker said these were "heavily insulated boots which caused your feet to perspire severely. In a lot of places they wouldn't even let you wear those because of the problems with them. But they could keep your feet warm in a very, very cold climate."

The third case has the herringbone twill, or HBT, uniform worn during WWII and the Korean War. It's a lightweight summer uniform that belonged to an artillery Soldier, Sgt. Patrick Henry Hayes, before he became an aviation warrant officer. He retired as a chief warrant officer 4.

Next to it is what Blaker terms one of the highlights: A Vietnam War prisoner of war uniform worn by Capt. William Reeder, the last American POW to be captured during the Vietnam War and to have also survived the war. He was a Cobra attack helicopter pilot. Next to his POW uniform is one photo of him taken before he was shot down, and another taken the day of his release.

"He donated this uniform back many years ago. He stayed in the Army after the Vietnam War," Blaker said.

The second cabinet has six uniforms from the Vietnam War. The fourth case contains an olive green 107 uniform used in the early part of the war. It was one of the Army's highly starched uniforms. Sharing the case is the jungle fatigue uniform that was much more practical for fighting in the jungles; museum volunteer Lynden Couvillion wore this one when he was a sergeant in Vietnam. be457b7860