A site for the curious lovers of the Arabic Language and its various dialects. For learners in classrooms, at home, or anywhere in this world!
A second language learner's journey often starts with a song, a TV show, a passion for languages in general, a visit to a foreign country, or in a class! Though very exciting, this experience can be frustrating, especially for learners of Arabic who find that this beautiful language's rules and sounds are somewhat difficult.
I am a national of a very small island in the Middle East-home of the Arabic Language. I am from Bahrain, a country that is part of what is known as the Arabian Peninsula, the Arabian Gulf or Al Khaleej الخليج, where a very distinct variety of Arabic dialect is spoken; Gulf Arabic, or Khaleeji.
I decided to create this site as a result of the love I have for my language, its different and unique dialects, and for the love of my very own; the Gulf Arabic Dialect, which is spoken in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and some parts of Oman.
The Khaleeji or Gulf Arabic Dialect is a melting pot of many languages. Much of the dialect's lexicon came to be as a result of trade, business, circulation of labor, the oil boom, and the presence of British officers who were influential politically until mid to late 20th century. As a result of these factors, many words were borrowed from several languages and one of those languages is English! If a native or near-native speaker of English paid close attention to daily interactions between locals in the Arabian Peninsula, many words would likely sound familiar!
This site includes a set of suggested activities and posters for learners of the Arabic Language or the Khaleeji Dialect created by me, hoping that this will be helpful to someone in someway!
Pronunciation Tip 1: In the Gulf Arabic Dialect the letter ج in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) is pronounced similar to the English "Ch" sound in Check
Pronunciation Tip 2: In the Gulf Arabic Dialect the letter ق in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) is pronounced similar to the English "G" sound in Gas
(based on the above posters)
According to Holes (2001), in his Dialect, Culture & Society in Eastern Arabia, there are about two hundred English borrowed words in the Gulf Arabic Dialect and especially the Bahraini dialect (p. 36). Some words have been "Arabized" and others remained almost or fully the same with a slight difference in the pronunciation of some sounds for various linguistic purposes.
Knowing words of objects in a foreign language can be beneficial in communicating with locals without having to use or know the correct grammar of a language. In addition to that, recognizing and reading the Khaleeji borrowed words from English, might help English speakers in identifying and being familiar with some of the rules of the dialect, thus enabling them to make sense of it and use it more confidently while being present in the region.
According to Holes (2001) The word list can be divided into categories such as automobile related, machinery, tools, industrial tools, food, employment, sports, household, clothing.
For example,
- 'Rewis' is a word used in Bahraini dialect taken from the English "reverse" used to indicate driving a car in reverse.
- 'let' pronounced almost like the English "Late", actually means "light" in the Bahraini dialect.
- 'Seeda' pronounced similarly to "seed" in English + an "a" in the end, comes from the English word "This Side" used to tell someone to "go straight" in the dialect.
- 'Kabat' pronounced like "ca" in "Cat" + "bat" as in the English "bat". This word is originally the English for "Cabinet" and is used in the Gulf Arabic Dialect to mean "cupboard" too!
A poster of words from the Gulf Arabic- Bahraini Dialect in the Automobile related category proposed by Holes (2001) are helpful in my opinion to be used for the traveler's or learner's use in corresponding contexts.
The first word from the top in each box is the original word in English, with the transliteration of each in the bottom left. The words in parentheses are the Gulf Arabic pronunciations using the Arabic alphabet.
Pronunciation Tip 3: Whenever there is a "P" in the English original word, it is automatically pronounced as "B".
"-an" at the end of the Khaleeji version of the word is always pronounced with an emphasis; like you are pronouncing the English indefinite article "an" example: Ha-ran
Driver's License - ليسن
Puncture - بنجر
Driving Test (Try) - تراي
Wrong Side - رانق سيد
Horn - هرن
Pickup - بيكب
Arabian Peninsula. (2021, February 14). WorldAtlas. https://www.worldatlas.com/peninsulas/arabian-peninsula.html
fernas. (2008, April 22). كلمات في اللهجة الكويتية ذات أصول انجليزية [Review of كلمات في اللهجة الكويتية ذات أصول انجليزية]. فرناس. https://fernas.wordpress.com/2008/04/22/كلمات-في-اللهجة-الكويتية-ذات-أصول-انجل/
Folk Culture. (n.d.). Www.folkculturebh.org. Retrieved December 6, 2021, from https://www.folkculturebh.org/en/index.php?page=main&issue=37
Holes, C. (2001). Dialect, culture, & Society in Eastern Arabia (Vol. 1). Brill.
Instagram account: @bahraini.dialect