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Figure 1. White Rust. Image from https://www.invasive.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5361613#
Introduction
Introduction
Albugo spp. is an Oomycete, not a fungus, that is primarily parasitic towards the order Brassicales (Choi, 2008)
Localized in New Zealand and Australia, but can also be found in parts of Asia and North America (Choi, 2008)
Primary literature: Evidence for uncharted biodiversity in the Albugo spp. complex, with the description of a new species." Mycological Research 112.11 (2008): 1327-1334
Background Information
Background Information
Eukaryotic, Multicellular, Oomycetes (Choi, 2008)
Parasitic towards the order Brassicales (Choi, 2008)
Examples: Broccoli, Cabbage, Cauliflower
Is devastating towards these crops
Reproduces sexually and asexually, spores (Choi, 2008)
Can be described as superficial lesions on the surface of leaves which typically appear with small clusters of white sores. (Choi,2008)
Every species within the genus Albugo are believed to have the same effect on the order Brassicales, regardless of origin, which is what the experiment works to investigate. (Choi, 2008)
Figure 2. White Rust on Morning Glory https://www.invasive.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5606283
Taxonomy (Choi, 2008)
Taxonomy (Choi, 2008)
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Oomycota
Class: Oomycetes
Peronosporales
Family: Albuginaceae
Genus: Albugo
Species: Albugo spp.
Figure 3. White Rust on Mustard https://www.ipmimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=1573191
Data Analysis
Data Analysis
Conducted by the Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul (Choi, 2008)
In the experiment, the researchers collected 8 different species of the genus Albugo, which are from different parts of the world (Korea, China, New Zealand), then are introduced to a Brassicales plant in an attempt to explore the molecular similarities between each of the species (Choi, 2008)
Each organism was introduced to the same genus (Draba) within the order Brassicales to see if each species would react similarly or differently from each other (Choi, 2008)
Figure 3. Phylogenetic Tree of Albugo spp. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0953756208001184?via=ihub#sec2
Figure 4. Albugo spp. colonies on Draba https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0953756208001184?via=ihub#sec2
Conclusion
Conclusion
As shown in figure 4, the genus Albugo, regardless of origin, has no difficulty in being parasitic towards the plant host of genus Draba, showing the similarities among the genus Albugo. (Choi, 2008)
Furthermore, the genus Albugo shares similarities in cell structure and appearance, each being able to produce the same "white rust-like" lesions on the leaf, showing similar means of infecting the plant. (Choi, 2008)
Through this study, the researchers were able to establish a molecular as well as a morphological similarity within the genus Albugo and were also able to show why Albugo acts more like a parasite rather than a fungus (Choi, 2008)
This study shows the need for further research on the genus Albugo as well as its effects on different genus's within the order Brassicales
Figure 5. Albugo spp. https://www.syngentaseedcare.com/diseases
References
References
Choi, Young-Joon, et al. "Evidence for uncharted biodiversity in the Albugo candida complex, with the description of a new species." Mycological Research 112.11 (2008): 1327-1334
Kaur P, Jost R, Sivasithamparam K, Barbetti MJ. Proteome analysis of the Albugo candida-Brassica juncea pathosystem reveals that the timing of the expression of defense-related genes is a crucial determinant of pathogenesis. J Exp Bot. 2011 Jan;62(3):1285-98. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erq365. Epub 2010 Dec 30. PMID: 21193577; PMCID: PMC3022411.
White Rust Albugo spp.https://web.extension.illinois.edu/hortanswers/detailproblem.cfm?PathogenID=143
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