Written Response of Decent Kenwell
A Brief Response of the Benefits of Self-driving Cars to Society on Improving Urban Development
By Decent Kenwell
Self-driving cars, which are also known as autonomous vehicles (AV), have the potential to bring many advantages into the society as it is advancing further. Autonomous vehicles are equipped with special features that made them more reliable than human-driven vehicles. Specifically in the aspect of improving urban development, self-driving cars have the ability to reduce the traffic congestion on the road as well as to improve urban public spaces for people.
In the first article, Liu et al. (2024) focus on how autonomous vehicles affect traffic efficiency in urban areas. This study observed that launching AVs could enhance traffic efficiency through their special design and the ability to communicate with one another and with traffic infrastructure. The observation was obtained from modelling various proportion of autonomous vehicles in traffic flow. In this case, I believe the research was conducted thoroughly, making this comprehensive research optimal for my topic. Furthermore, this study addresses the way AVs could alleviate traffic congestion, which is relevant to my topic. On top of that, this article is peer-reviewed and recently published, which are both important keys to consider when choosing sources for technology-related topics. Hence, I selected this article because it offers detailed and credible resources suitable for supporting my thesis
The second article, by Fayyaz et al. (2022), investigates that the rise of AVs will dramatically reshape the design of urban cities, particularly in terms of how public spaces are utilized. As fewer parking and vehicle lanes areas may be needed, the urban spaces could be redesigned for improving other uses, such as wider sidewalks and more green areas. This article provides the necessary background information for my topic by referencing other relevant studies, which will help the reader gain better understanding on my topic. Along with that, this study explains how AVs could improve public spaces, which is matching to my topic. With several published researches on autonomous vehicles, the authors are considered a credible source.
In conclusion, by addressing how autonomous vehicles could reduce traffic congestion and reshape urban public spaces for better uses, both articles are relevant and strongly strengthen my thesis. I plan to use the first article to help me understand better how AVs could reduce traffic congestion in urban cities, while the second article to provide insights on improving urban public spaces with the advance of AVs. In the future, I will continue to track the latest studies regarding my topic so as to stay updated.
(408 words)
References
Fayyaz, M., González-González, E., & Nogués, S. (2022). Autonomous mobility: A potential opportunity to reclaim public spaces for people. Sustainability, 14(3), 1568. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031568
Liu, C., Zyryanov, V., Topilin, I., Feofilova, A., & Shao, M. (2024). Investigating the impacts of autonomous vehicles on the efficiency of road network and traffic demand: A case study of Qingdao, China. Sensors, 24(16), 5110. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165110
Written Respone of Valensco Aurelius
Self-Driving Cars Offers Environmental Benefits
By Valensco Aurelius
Studies have shown that EVs (Electric Vehicles) are powered by renewable energy resources, therefore can increase the eco-friendliness of energy use. Here is a brief discussion of how self-driving cars can be the better alternative for the environment.
The transport industry contributes a total of more than 25% of the world’s energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions, making it the largest overall environmental effect, according to Alanazi (2023). The usage of EVs would help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) claimed that electric vehicles often have three times the efficiency of those powered by internal combustion engines. Alanazi (2023) found that EVs do not produce tailpipe emissions, despite the electricity they use is produced from fossil fuels, EVs still produce less pollution compared to ICEs. In short, this focus on the fact that EVs do not produce tailpipe emissions can support my research on the overall benefits of self-driving cars.
An article by Tsoi et al. (2023) emphasizes on how electric mobility can transform urban soundscapes by minimizing engine noise, especially at lower speeds. EVs have become a solution to help minimize traffic noise while also promoting eco-friendly transportation. In addition to their well-known environmental benefits of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving roadside air quality, the usage of EVs can help make cities quieter. The article states that if 90% of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles are replaced by hybrid or EVs, traffic noise can be reduced by 3-4 dBA.
The transportation sector in this world contributes to the global energy waste and greenhouse gas emissions. Electric vehicles (EVs) offer a solution to reducing pollution, as EVs offer more of an effective use, as EVs use much less energy to travel the same distance compared to ICEs. EVs do not have tailpipe emissions, unlike ICEs, which helps to keep the air much cleaner. By using EVs, it helps to reduce noise pollution as they are much quieter, and with research it shows that by replacing most gasoline cars with EVs, it could lower traffic noise in cities by 3-4 dBA, which can create a quieter atmosphere for urban areas. I can use these articles to help support my main point on my research paper by mentioning the data and numbers I found.
(377 words)
References
Alanazi, F. (2023). Electric vehicles: Benefits, challenges, and potential solutions for widespread adaptation. Applied Sciences, 13(10), 6016. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13106016
Tsoi, K. H., Loo, B. P., Li, X., & Zhang, K. (2023). The co-benefits of electric mobility in reducing traffic noise and chemical air pollution: Insights from a transit-oriented city. Environment International, 178, 108116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.108116
Written Respone of Vitalii Markov
A Response on the Selected Articles: The Safety Case for Autonomous Vehicles
By Vitalii Markov
Autonomous vehicles are a new stage in the development of human technology. This technology has only just begun to develop rapidly, but it is already showing good efficiency. Numerous studies that show their safety and efficiency compared to human-driven cars
The first paper by Rahman et al. (2021) examines the safety of automated vehicles that are connected to each other and to external sensors with conventional automated vehicles. The researchers compared how the efficiency and safety of driving on motorways would differ. The scientists modelled the behavior of the cars and showed that connected cars can reduce journey times and the more such cars appear, the greater the efficiency will be. Also, such cars reduce the level of danger on the road due to the fact that artificial intelligence has a good understanding of what the cars around it will do. Connected autonomous vehicles will reduce the impact of human error by minimizing unpredictable behaviors associated with human drivers. This study that came out recently may not have tested these types of cars in real life, but they have very strong mathematical models that are as close to reality as possible. The good thing about this study is that they have incorporated and generalized the work of past researchers. This study shows that the more data automated vehicles have, the more efficient and safer they will be.
The second article by Abdel-Aty and Ding (2024) examines the main causes of road accidents. The main and most significant factor for all types of vehicles is human inattention. Then weather conditions and surroundings/obstructions are the second most important factor. Researchers say that automated vehicles greatly improve the human factor issue. However, weather conditions, low visibility conditions in the city, or overlapping sensors/sensors may be the reason why many automated vehicles get into accidents. The latter reason will disappear with more automated vehicles on the streets and the advent of dedicated auxiliary pole sensors for them, with which they will communicate with to operate efficiently. This recently released study is very important in understanding what the main causes of car accidents are. It also compares and visualizes the difference between human-driven cars and automated vehicles
In conclusion, the two studies cited are directly relevant to the chosen topic. These two articles reveal the problems of implementation of automated vehicles and show their efficiency and safety in comparison with human-driven cars. I plan to use these studies as the main foundation for building an argument that self-driven vehicles are safer and more beneficial for our society.
(422 words)
References
Abdel-Aty, M., & Ding, S. (2024). A matched case-control analysis of autonomous vs human-driven vehicle accidents. Nature Communications, 15(1). 4931. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48526-4
Rahman, M. H., Abdel-Aty, M., & Wu, Y. (2021). A multi-vehicle communication system to assess the safety and mobility of connected and automated vehicles. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 124, 102887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2020.102887