by Lars Gunnar Sillén and co-workers at Stockholm, 1959

at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm, Sweden (1959)

(Oorganisk kemi, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, KTH)

1959 Some laboratory methods.pdf

• How to prepare pure sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) to be used as background electrolyte (ionic medium). Note that commercial NaClO4 is deliquescent, you can not just weigh an amount out of the jar to prepare a solution of known concentration.

• How to prepare silver/silver chloride electrodes.

• Gran diagrams.  How to calibrate a glass electrode to obtain hydrogen ion concentrations, [H+].

• etc.

Note that if you use a commercial combined glass electrode with either a single or double junction reference, the liquid in the salt bridge of such electrodes usually is concentrated KCl. The solubility of potassium perchlorate is about 0.2 mol/L, so when performing experiments in solutions of constant NaClO4 ionic media, you should not use a commercial combined glass electrode out of the box, as KClO4 will otherwise precipitate in the salt bridge of the electrode, possibly causing drift of the measurements, etc.