The 5-E lesson plan helps students engage in inquiry learning through the use of 5 stages:
ENGAGE: The teacher presents a real-world problem to "hook" students and a question for students to ponder, research, or test.
EXPLORE: Students conduct labs, make observations, or do research to gain information about the problem presented in the Engage portion.
EXPLAIN: Students develop explanations for what they discovered during the Explore phase. The teacher may also explain anything students miss or clear up misconceptions.
ELABORATE: The teacher provides any further information necessary for students to understand the concept. Students then continue to explore using this new information.
EVALUATE: Students evaluate their own understanding of the concepts learned; teachers may evaluate as well.
It is important to note that this lesson plan, while helping to foster inquiry, is not the only way for teachers to ensure inquiry learning in the classroom.
The different levels on inquiry (confirmation, structured, guided, open) can be used to help scaffold the inquiry process for students, especially those who are not used to the inquiry method. You can read more about it in the article on the left.
Design Thinking is a non-linear, iterative process that teaches students how to create a product or process to meet the needs of others through empathizing with the end user, defining the problem to be solved, ideating potential solutions, prototyping those solutions, then testing them. Read more about the process in the article to the left.