Baking soda and baking powder are both leavening agents, but they work differently.
Baking soda needs an acid (like vinegar, lemon juice, or yogurt) to activate.
Baking powder already contains both acid and base, making it a complete leavening solution.
This is why baking powder is the most common substitute for baking soda.
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Skipping baking soda is not recommended.
Without it:
Your baked goods may not rise properly
Texture becomes dense
Flavor may change
Instead, always use a proper substitute like baking powder.
The best substitute for baking soda in cakes is baking powder.
Use 3 times the amount and ensure your batter has proper moisture balance.
For fluffy cakes, avoid substitutes like ammonium bicarbonate.