"이," "그," "이들," 그리고 "저들"은 지시 대명사로 알려져 있으며, 특정한 물체나 물체 그룹을 가리키고 나타내는 데 사용됩니다. 다음은 그 사용법에 대한 개요입니다:
"이": "이"는 홀수의 물체나 사람을 가리킬 때 사용되며, 그 물체가 말하는 사람에게 가까운 공간상이나 시간적으로 가까운 경우에 사용됩니다. 물체가 근접해 있거나 현재에 대해 이야기할 때 사용됩니다. 예를 들어:
"이 책은 흥미로워요." "This book is interesting."
"이 차를 사고 싶어요." "I want to buy this car."
"그": "그"는 홀수의 물체나 사람을 가리킬 때 사용되며, 그 물체가 말하는 사람으로부터 공간적 또는 시간적으로 더 멀리 떨어져 있는 경우에 사용됩니다. 물체가 더 멀리 떨어져 있거나 과거에 대해 이야기할 때 사용됩니다. 예를 들어:
"저기 저 아름다운 일몰을 보세요." "Look at that beautiful sunset."
"그 영화 어젯밤에 보셨어요?" "Did you see that movie last night?"
"이들": "이들"은 "이"의 복수형이며, 말하는 사람에게 가까운 공간상이나 시간적으로 가까운 여러 물체나 사람을 가리킬 때 사용됩니다. 물체가 근접해 있거나 현재에 대해 이야기할 때 사용됩니다. 예를 들어:
"이 쿠키들 맛있어요." "These cookies are delicious."
"이 책들을 도서관에 반납해야 해요." "I need to return these books to the library."
"저들": "저들"은 "그"의 복수형이며, 말하는 사람으로부터 공간상이나 시간적으로 더 멀리 떨어져 있는 여러 물체나 사람을 가리킬 때 사용됩니다. 물체가 더 멀리 떨어져 있거나 과거에 대해 이야기할 때 사용됩니다. 예를 들어:
"저 정원에 있는 아름다운 꽃들 봐요." "Look at those beautiful flowers in the garden."
"우리가 함께 놀았던 그 시절들을 기억해." "I remember those days when we used to play together."
기억해 주세요, "이"와 "그" 사이의 선택은 말하는 사람으로부터의 거리에 따라 달라지며, "이들"과 "저들"은 물체가 단수인지 복수인지를 나타냅니다.
The words "this," "that," "these," and "those" are known as demonstrative pronouns, and they are used to indicate and point out specific objects or groups of objects. Here's a summary of their usage:
"This": "This" is used to refer to a singular object or person that is close to the speaker in space or time. It is used when the object is near in proximity [to your heart] or when discussing something in the present. For example:
"This book is interesting."
"I want to buy this car."
"That": "That" is used to refer to a singular object or person that is farther away from the speaker in space or time. It is used when the object is more distant in proximity [to your heart] or when discussing something in the past. For example:
"Look at that beautiful sunset."
"Did you see that movie last night?"
"These": "These" is the plural form of "this" and is used to refer to multiple objects or people that are close to the speaker in space or time. It is used when the objects are near in proximity [to your heart] or when discussing something in the present. For example:
"These cookies are delicious."
"I need to return these books to the library."
"Those": "Those" is the plural form of "that" and is used to refer to multiple objects or people that are farther away from the speaker in space or time. It is used when the objects are more distant in proximity [to your heart] or when discussing something in the past. For example:
"Look at those beautiful flowers in the garden."
"I remember those days when we used to play together."
Remember that the choice between "this" and "that" depends on the distance from the speaker, while "these" and "those" indicate whether the objects are singular or plural.
Here's a brief bullet point summary of the usage of "this," "that," "these," and "those":
"This":
Refers to a singular object or person close [physically or emotionally] to the speaker.
Used for objects near in proximity or when discussing something in the present.
"That":
Refers to a singular object or person farther away [physically or emotionally] from the speaker.
Used for objects distant in proximity or when discussing something in the past.
"These":
Refers to multiple objects or people close [physically or emotionally] to the speaker.
Used for objects near in proximity or when discussing something in the present.
"Those":
Refers to multiple objects or people farther away [physically or emotionally] from the speaker.
Used for objects distant in proximity or when discussing something in the past.
Remember, "this" and "these" are for objects near the speaker, while "that" and "those" are for objects farther away.
Practice
_______ book on the shelf is mine.
Could you please pass _______ salt shaker? [must be more than one salt shaker or "the" be used]
_______ car in the parking lot belongs to my friend.
_______ flowers in the garden are so beautiful.
_______ cookies you baked taste delicious.
Look at _______ cute little puppy!
_______ days, I used to walk to school.
I can't decide between _______ two dresses.
Could you please hand me _______ pens on the table?
_______ mountains in the distance are majestic.
I want to buy _______ pair of shoes in the store window.
_______ are the keys to my car.
_______ paintings in the art gallery are worth a fortune.
_______ chairs in the conference room are broken.
Answers:
a) This
b) that
b) That
c) These
a) This
b) that
d) Those
c) these
c) these
d) Those
b) that
c) These
c) These
c) These
Here are 10 more challenging multiple-choice questions that incorporate the use of mixed countable nouns. Give them a grammar check, and think about if they might be said in informal speech.
_______ coffee need to be microwaved. They are cold.
_______ bottled water is warm. Put them in the fridge to get cold.
I need to return _______ books to the library.
_______ equpments are old. Buy two new ones.
_______ homeworks on the table are not completed.
_______ advice you gave me was very helpful.
I can't believe _______ news I heard yesterday.
_______ chairs in the dining room need to be replaced.
_______ informations you provided was inaccurate.
_______ are too many peoples in that room.
Answers:
a) This
b) That
c) these
a) This
b) That
a) This
b) that
c) These
b) That
c) These