Here's a brief point-form explanation on how to use "open" and "closed" questions:
Open-ended questions:
Open-ended questions are questions that allow the respondent to provide a detailed answer, usually involving more than just a simple "yes" or "no." They are useful for getting detailed information or opinions from someone.
Allow for detailed answers
Often begin with "what," "why," "how," "when," "where," or "who"
Useful for getting opinions or detailed information
Often have rising intonation at the end
Examples:
"What did you think of the movie?"
"Why did you choose that university?"
"How did you learn to play the guitar?"
"When did you start working here?"
"Where did you go on vacation?"
"Who is your favorite author?"
Closed-ended questions:
Closed-ended questions are questions that can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no," or a short phrase. They are useful for getting specific information or verifying facts.
Can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no" or a short phrase
Useful for getting specific information or verifying facts
Often begin with "did," "do," "is," "are," "have," or "can"
Often have falling intonation at the end
Examples:
"Did you eat breakfast this morning?"
"Do you speak French?"
"Is it raining outside?"
"Are you feeling well?"
"Have you finished your homework?"
"Can you pass me the salt, please?"
Answer intonation:
Affirmative [+ve] responses to open-ended questions often have rising intonation
"What did you think of the concert?" "I thought it was fantastic!" (rising intonation on "fantastic")
"Can you tell me about your favorite vacation?" "Oh yes, I had an amazing time in Hawaii!" (rising intonation on "Hawaii")
"How did you like the cake?" "It was delicious!" (rising intonation on "delicious")
Negative [-ve] responses to open-ended questions often have falling intonation
Did you have any issues with the hotel room?" "Actually, there were a few problems." (falling intonation on "problems")
"Did you like the book?" "Not really." (falling intonation on "really")
"Were you able to finish the project on time?" "No, unfortunately we ran into some difficulties." (falling intonation on "difficulties")
Affirmative +ve] responses to closed-ended questions often have rising intonation
"Did you see the movie last night?" "Yes, I did." (rising intonation on "did")
"Have you finished your homework?" "Yes, I have." (rising intonation on "have")
"Is that the new iPhone?" "Yes, it is." (rising intonation on "is")
Negative [-ve] responses to closed-ended questions often have falling intonation
Do you want to go to the park today?" "No, I don't." (falling intonation on "don't")
"Are you allergic to nuts?" "No, I'm not." (falling intonation on "not")
"Did you receive the email I sent?" "No, I didn't." (falling intonation on "didn't")
EXTRA NOTE FROM CHATGPT
many of the principles you outlined for English open-ended and closed-ended questions, as well as the associated intonation patterns, can also apply to Korean speakers. However, there might be some differences or nuances to consider when it comes to Korean language and culture.
Open-ended Questions in Korean:
Korean open-ended questions generally allow for detailed answers and are used to gather opinions or detailed information.
They typically start with question words like "뭐" (what), "왜" (why), "어떻게" (how), "언제" (when), "어디" (where), or "누구" (who).
Rising intonation at the end of open-ended questions is common, similar to English.
Closed-ended Questions in Korean:
Similar to English, Korean closed-ended questions can be answered with "예" (yes) or "아니오" (no) or a short phrase, and they are useful for specific information or verifying facts.
They usually begin with words like "했어" (did), "해" (do), "이야" (is), "아니야" (is not), "있어" (have), or "할 수 있어" (can).
Answer Intonation in Korean:
Positive responses to open-ended questions might also have rising intonation in Korean, indicating agreement or enthusiasm.
Negative responses to open-ended questions could have falling intonation, signaling a definitive negative response.
Positive responses to closed-ended questions can have rising intonation when expressing agreement or confirmation.
Negative responses to closed-ended questions typically have falling intonation, indicating a clear negative response.