The Role of Stochasticity in Chemical and Biological Processes

Chemical processes are inherently stochastic, with reactions driven by random molecular collisions that must reach sufficient energy to alter chemical bonds. This randomness leads to widely varied intervals between product formations rather than regular, clock-like intervals. In biological systems, these chemical reactions underpin essential functions, enabling cells to synthesize molecules like nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and to produce energy. This raises a critical question about the role of stochasticity in both chemical and biological processes. 

There is a long history of debates on the role of randomness in nature. However, only recently has a more comprehensive theoretical picture started to emerge. Biological systems are capable of tuning the stochastic effects to optimize their functioning. Recent theoretical advances can present a fully quantitative description of stochasticity, which might also be necessary for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of complex natural systems and for implementation in industrial and technological processes.

This course aims to present a systematic theoretical framework for understanding the role of stochasticity in chemical and biological processes. The course will be presented using simple arguments without heavy mathematical derivations to develop a more intuitive physical understanding of these complex phenomena. This will also help to broaden the potential audience.