Spark Ignited Internal Combustion Engine

Parts of The Engine 

1. Pistons 

   1. Travel up and down inside of the cylinders  

   2. Sealed to the cylinder walls by piston rings 

2. Crank Shaft 

   1. Connected to pistons by a rod 

   2. Uses the motion to create rotational energy 

3. Cylinder Block 

   1. Core structure of the engine and is the foundation 

   2. Holds cylinders, pistons, and crankshaft 

4. Cylinder Head 

   1. On top of the cylinder block to form the top of the combustion chamber 

   2. Contains valve rockers, pushrods, sparkplug ports and injectors, and pathways for air, coolant, and oil 

5. Timing Belt 

   1. Loops over the crankshaft and the cramshaft 

   2. Synchronizes upper and lower engine 

6. Camshaft 

   1. Opens and closes the engine valves 

   2. Works to ensure precision with timing of the combustion process 

7. Valves 

   1. Both intake and exhaust  

   2. Intake allows the fuel-air mixture to flow into cylinders 

   3. Exhaust releases spent gases after combustion 

   4. Both close to allow for compression in the cylinder 

8. Spark Plugs 

   1. Create sparks of electricity inside the compressed fuel-air mixture to create controlled explosions  

   2. Explosions propel pistons into the next cycle 

Fuel Injection VS Carburetors 

• Fuel Injection 

  • Mostly in modern engines 

  • Allow for precise delivery of fuel due to the fuel injector 

  • Controlled by a computer module that allows for efficient performance 

• Carburetors 

  • Used in older engines and in classic cars 

  • Mixes air and fuel before sending them to the cylinders 

    • Does this with a vacuum to draw it to the engine 

  • Less efficient and doesn't control emissions