How to  build Fusion nuclear reactor - https://youtu.be/1yKIIVJM1eI Fusion build diagram Dr Tony Miller former Robert Gordon University lecturer in the School of Engineering

1. Dounreay white cylindrical dome stood the test of time, white built to reflect sunlight and keep the reactor cool inside.

2. Blockwork concrete needed for solid base nuclear reactor and steel frames not timber. Steel frames in reactor core and aluminum can rust.

3. Nuclear power plant construction involves numerous welds to connect both components of structures and components of pressurized systems.

4. It also involves weld cladding which refers to one metal being deposited onto the surface of another to improve its performance characteristics.

5. Fire extinguishers with water and carbon dioxide ideal for high heat situations.

6. Fire doors that close automatically like in Royal Cornhill hospital with alarms in every corridor.

7. Sodium fast reactor versus best safety molten salt reactor. Molten salt for fission.

8. Modular building 3D volumetric construction important to isolate fires in high heat systems.

9. A sodium cooled fast reactor is a fast neutron reactor cooled by liquid sodium so North Sea salt water.

10. The Sodium Fast Reactor uses liquid sodium as the reactor coolant allowing high power density with low coolant volume fraction and operation at low pressure. While the oxygen free environment prevents corrosion sodium reacts chemically with air and water and requires sealed coolant system.

11. assemble vacuum chamber to remove air and pressure. High heat transfer in nuclear reactors so sunction important to remove dust

12. Prepare high vacuum pump, valves seal pump and control intense pressure and heat energy.

13. Gas transfer pumps and entrapment and capture pumps. Entrapment and capture pumps tend to be used with carbon capture and storage. Pumps which capture gas molecules on surfaces within the vacuum system are unsurprisingly known as carbon or entrapment pumps. These pumps operate at lower flow rates than vacuum pumps such as transfer pumps, however they can provide extremely high vacuum, down to 10-12Torr.

14. How do entrapment capture pumps work - when ultra high vacuums are required, entrapment pumps, also known as capture pumps are the most effective choice. They use chemical reactions and cold temperatures rather than moving parts to displace as many gas particles as possible from the sealed chamber.

15. How do getter pumps work - pumping relies on the sputtering of getter materials inside a series of cells and by the implantation or burial of the ions produced. The gas molecules pumped by chemisorption (gettererd) and physisorption (ions) are now permanently bound and not able to contribute to the pressure inside the chamber.

16. What is a capture pump? Capture pumps operate by capturing the gas molecules on surfaces within the vacuum system. Capture pumps operate at lower flow rates than transfer pumps but can provide ultra-high vacuum down to 10 Torr, and generate an oil free vacuum.

17. What is gas transfer pump? Fuel transfer pumps are pumps used in the transfer of fuels and oils. Due to the wide defintion, such pumps can be broken down depending on use and type.

18. What is the difference between a transfer pump and a pressure pump? Generally speaking, transfer pumps will have lower PSI capacity but can move larger volumes of water (higher flow rates), whereas High Pressure Fire Fighting Pumps for example will have a higher PSI but move lower water flow rate volumes on a litres per minute measure.

19. Can transfer pumps run continuously? As long as the liquid transfer pump does not run out of material, this process is fine. As soon as the pump runs out of material, it will cavitate from loss of fluid trying to pump air and most often run wild until the operator shuts down. The negative effects are numerous on the entire system.

20. Does fuel pump PSI matter? It is important to know what the max pressure your engine will require because fuel pressure has a large effect on how much flow a pump can produce. A Fuel pump will flow at its highest volume when there is no pressure (free flow). As fuel pressure increases, fuel flow decreases.

21. Ventilation notes from Dr Tony Miller - The product is a plastic moulding used in the construction of ventilation systems. The furnace is used to harden the plastic at a set temperature. The product enters the furnace on a conveyor belt driven by a continuously operating motor, and passes through at a fixed rate. The time the material spends at the elevated temperature is just as important to the success of the operation as the temperature itself. To fire the furnace, pumps spray a mixture of oxygen and fuel into the chamber, at a rate controlled by the valves. Two lines are provided to give some redundancy in case of failure. Only one line is needed for successful operation. The temperature must be kept between upper and lower levels for the chemical process to work properly, and this is governed by controlling the amount of fuel injected. The outside of the furnace is kept cool by a water jacket to prevent injury and structural failure. If, due to some fault in the process, the temperature of the furnace becomes too high the material can catch fire, producing highly toxic gases with serious consequences for personnel and equipment.

22. Control systems notes from Dr Tony Miller - Motorised valves control the air fuel supply pipes. A flow meter on each pipe senses the level of the flow. A Computer system performs the function of master controller reading all sensors and transmitting signals to control the valves. On the furnace itself, there are temperature sensors inside and outside the furnace. Water is pumped through the cooling jacket at a fixed rate.

23. Computer system notes from Dr Tony Miller - the computer system is at the heart of the process, reading all sensors, activating valves and generating an alarm signal to warn personnel of any danger.

24. The computer system and thermometers are the components most prone to failure.

25. Build the inner grid of tubes and cables

26. Assemble the deuterium system which is a propulsion system to flush out contaminated water important to open needle valve to deuterium tank.

27. Turn on high voltage

28. Turn on neutron detection and neutrons unstable atoms cause explosions

29. Coolant also moderator cools down reactor core

Inverse Square Law for diverse phenomena like radiation

Inverse Square Law covers diverse phenomena and it impacts radiation. Consider what you expect to happen may not happen, it may be the reverse or opposite. Consider many patients claim severe reactions to radiation but perhaps they may be unwell with health issues and problems, there may be no reaction to radiation and the opposite maybe true for example there may be positive effects from radiation. It was the atomic bomb that killed people not necessarily the radiation but consider fusion energy is not harmful and contains zero radiation and is the future. Bombs kill people, the atomic bomb dropped on Pearl herbour in Japan during World War II was devastating - those alive today most of them have not witnessed it, they read about it from survivors. It all comes back to communication and honesty from first hand accounts. People may exaggerate for want of a good story.

The Earth is a sphere and radiation comes from the ground and goes all the way up into space - to this end we have bspace breathable oxygen in space. Still the air may get thinner the higher up in the atmosphere you go so for aeroplanes at 30,000ft it may still be necessary to wear oxygen masks. Scuba gear is needed underwater since humans cannot breathe under water without oxygen tanks. Oxygen and CO2 Carbon dioxide is what we breathe in and out and carbon is fundamental in the atmosphere. Big issues for low carbon debate because carbon is so fundamental to living and life on Earth but trees absorb carbon dioxide and cutting them down may have a negative impact on the environment so it is vital we continue with regrowth and plant new trees whereever possible. The Queens Green Canopy project urged planting new trees for the Queen's Platinum Jubilee during 2022. Oxygen and CO2 carbon dioxide is fundamental and trees are part of life's cycle of nature think the circle of life - trees fundamental to life and regrowth and many new trees growing alongside the Aberdeen bypass at Kingswells and also at Craibstone and Peterculter.

Geothermal energy comes from below ground and linked with the hot magma core and volcanoes spew ash linked to magma and below ground activity - volcanoes part of Earth's natural activity. Mount Vesuvius near Naples is Europe's most active volcano - no handrails up to the summit of the volcano take great risks with your life climbing this volcano.

Geothermal activity is abundant in cold Iceland the land of geysers and hot springs - warm outdoor pools of water in Iceland at the foot of geothermal activity give Icelandic people sheer bliss just like how monkeys in Asia may enjoy sheer bliss in warm pools of water.

Geothermal activity great potential source of energy - tapping into geothermal activity is part of a natural below ground source of energy linked to volcanoes and recall in the recent past ash clouds eminated from Iceland. Iceland great source of geothermal activity and with Iceland being so cold it is usually home to some computer servers since they can overheat and need to kept cold. Distributed computing is really key to protecting information and online servers in a digital age - Google servers span the globe as do Microsoft servers and these companies are known as multinational companies and they do pay taxation in a wide range of different countries - they rely on local workforces to achieve their global missions. The world is made up of many different languages and dialects there is also Google Translate a great service which can translate web pages from one local dialect or language to another.

Georgia State University Inverse Square Law –

Any point source which spreads its influence equally in all directions without a limit to its range will obey the inverse square law. This comes from strictly geometrical considerations. The intensity of the influence at any given radius r is the source strength divided by the area of the sphere. Being strictly geometric in its origin, the inverse square law applies to diverse phenomena. Point sources of gravitational force, electric field, light, sound or radiation obey the inverse square law. It is a subject of continuing debate with a source such as a skunk on top of a flag pole; will its smell drop off according to the inverse square law?

Energy Education –

A number of physical properties (like the force between two charges) get smaller as they get farther apart in a way that can be represented by an inverse square law. This means that the intensity of the property decreases in a particular way as the distance between interacting objects increases. Specifically, an inverse square law says that intensity equals the inverse of the square of the distance from the source. For example, the radiation exposure from a point source (with no shielding) gets smaller the farther away it is. If the source is 2x as far away, it's 1/4 as much exposure. If it's 10x farther away, the radiation exposure is 100x less.

• http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Forces/isq.html

• https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Inverse_square_law

• https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/inverse-square-law

• https://www.jmpeltier.com/photography-inverse-square-law-dummies/

Bill Gates for Nuclear - Bill Gates company TerraPower building nuclear reactor or power plant in Wyoming

Bill Gates-owned company is planning to build a nuclear power plant in Wyoming. TerraPower, which was co-founded by Bill Gates, recently selected a Wyoming site to demonstrate its first-of-a-kind Natrium nuclear reactor. Much of what Bill Gates does is put under a microscope.

It can take five years to build a new nuclear power plant - two years for gas fired plants important to minimise delays - unncessary delays can be costly. A new nuclear plant in Scotland very important and Torry Battery in Aberdeen really can future proof energy supply.

It seems nuclear power is a growth area according to world-nuclear.org - do not panic if nuclear starts trending missiles actually have limited range recall The Rock film with Scottish actor and former milkman Sir Sean Connery on Alcatraz, missiles fired out over San Francisco, but the missiles turned and went back out to sea exploding under water minimising harms.

Nuclear power capacity worldwide is increasing steadily, with about 55 reactors under construction.

Most reactors on order or planned are in the Asian region, though there are major plans for new units in Russia.

https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/current-and-future-generation/plans-for-new-reactors-worldwide.aspx

From world-nuclear.org - Nuclear reactors are, fundamentally, large kettles, which are used to heat water to produce enormous amounts of low-carbon electricity. They come in different sizes and shapes, and can be powered by a variety of different fuels.

Previously reference was made to kettles and kettle switches, but it seems reading online material from world-nuclear.org, the kettle is just an anolagy. Kettle switch factory used to reside on Harris Road, Inverness near the child's play park. In manufacturing and assembly, products are often built in modules so think modular engineering.

We all know kettles heat water - kettles heat water to boiling water so deal with intense heat. This is not rocket science - actually modern kettles from Duronic enable temperature to be controlled at the push of a button and lukewarm slightly warm cups of beverages may prevent scolding and make drinks more drinkable straight away. Drinking and everyone needs to drink, people may enjoy a drink and on cold winter days putting hands round a warm mug may warm hands heat up body temperature - the British famous for liking cups of tea and the Chinese like Green tea also herbal teas quite popular in the Asian market and most of the world population live in Asia. Children in Asia quite like a warm milky beverage recall the Most dangerous way to school on YouTube - online videos can be educational. Milk is also known as lactose - milk is dairy from cows, also sheep and goats recall sheep's milk and goat's milk but milk from cows is the most popular.

Rationale or Main Reasons for Building a Nuclear Reactor at Torry Battery in Aberdeen

Firstly consider global warming, consider Scotland stable land mass - actually at Aberdeen sea har comes in off the North Sea and nuclear reactors involve intense heat and a coolant.

Cooling down nuclear reactors really critical to keep them safe. Aberdeen in the North-East of Scotland often a city of grey granite buildings surrounded in mist sometimes early mornings - cold and damp climate in winter, a temperate climate but temperatures are getting warmer. The Scottish government was planning an energy centre at Torry Battery near St Fittick's Park - consider Aberdeen at Torry is major harbour with many ships coming in and out with mini nuclear reactors on board - a nuclear reactor may actually be more important for transport and moving goods. We do need to keep the movement of goods throughout the world going - this is vital for safety for everyone actually for anyone that wants to live - living may involve quarrals always has involved conflict but to mitigate harms in the future we really need to keep trade moving, co-ordinated movement of goods and it does appear to still be happening at the present time throughout the world.

BBC News 9th September 2022 - PM will explore energy market reform to cut bills - nuclear energy coming down in price

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-62832029

Nuclear reactors work like this - from world-nuclear.org

A nuclear reactor is driven by the splitting of atoms, a process called fission, where a particle (a ‘neutron’) is fired at an atom, which then fissions into two smaller atoms and some additional neutrons. Some of the neutrons that are released then hit other atoms, causing them to fission too and release more neutrons. This is called a chain reaction.

The fissioning of atoms in the chain reaction also releases a large amount of energy as heat. The generated heat is removed from the reactor by a circulating fluid, typically water. This heat can then be used to generate steam, which drives turbines for electricity production.

In order to ensure the nuclear reaction takes place at the right speed, reactors have systems that accelerate, slow or shut down the nuclear reaction, and the heat it produces. This is normally done with control rods, which typically are made out of neutron-absorbing materials such as silver and boron.

The Scottish government does very much need to consider carefully and bring forward the building of a new nuclear power plant as soon as possible - delays could prove very costly indeed. It is absolutely imperative. The Robert Gordon University gave me a Distinction to maintain the highest level of safety to build a nuclear plant. You should focus on the clear instructions which seek to explain or breakdown elements involved in building a nuclear reactor. More content can be informative and seeking to solve problems is beneficial. A new nuclear reactor is very important.

Torry Battery world class harbour port in Aberdeen with ships equipped with satellite dishes, GPS, mini nuclear reactors, radar and sensors

7th September 2022 mammal in the waters around the harbour Torry Battery moving floating an amphibian and Amphibians are ectothermic (this is an organism that regulates its internal temperature by exchanging heat with its surrounding environment) so ectothermic not an electric eel think human touch electric shock, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia. Also description much the same as the last video really repeating can ensure the message gets across. Ship in enlarged port Aberdeen harbour - harbour enlarged 1871 when River Dee diverted so cater for more ships and be world class harbour for trade. Ship with satellite dish that's GPS for navigation - ships have mini nuclear reactors and sensor here for radar. Radar supports travel over frozen lands where there is snow and condensation enables the manufacture of liquids creating new liquids might prolong oil think that exploding fizzy drinks bottle, shake it up explosions sometimes - drilling for oil likely involves status indicators and sensors. Petrol and oil is important but really getting to grips with hydrogen plus electric cleaner for the planet still all things considered multiple vehicles in the mix ensures more people can travel more of the time enables movement of goods and freight with less interruptions. Always best to minimise environmental impacts but vital to always consider safety of everyone.

https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1146078996262921

Tritium for DC electric vehicle charging - EV electric vehicle chargers near Ambulance station and at Health Club near Tesco Danestone

Tritium creates proprietary technology to build the world's most advanced and reliable DC Direct Current fast chargers for electric vehicles (EVs). Tritium needs radiation to perform its job so nuclear power is fundamental for DC Direct Current electric vehicle charging - well Tritium is on the EV charger located Bannatyne Health Club and Spa. Recall Trinity was the lover of Neo (anagram of the one) from the Matrix film series which really started off fancy animation and use of technology in film recall high leg kicks and high kicks done in a sort of quick action manner that was futuristic not really like real life.

https://tritiumcharging.com/

Tritium is a beta-emitting radioactive isotope of hydrogen. Its nucleus consists of one proton positive charge and two neutrons negative charges, making it three times as heavy as a hydrogen nucleus (with its one proton) and one-and-a-half times as heavy as deuterium (which contains one proton and only one neutron).

Basically Tritium is a powerful source of energy and it is the best supply of energy available for electric cars or vehicles. Tritium linked also to hydrogen and nuclear power can make hydrogen to power hybrid vehicles with fuel cell technology that produce water vapour. Hydrogen would likely make electric vehicles more reliable.

Tritium would no longer exist in our environment if cosmic radiation produces it in the atmosphere in very small amounts. The half-life of the unstable tritium nucleus is of 12.3 years, which is very short on the radioactive time-scale. This comparatively fast disappearance means that very little tritium can accumulate in any place.

https://www.radioactivity.eu.com/site/pages/Tritium.htm

EV electric vehicle chargers near Ambulance station and at Health Club near Tesco Danestone

16th September 2022 EV charger eVolt by Circontrol - always been fortunate to read small print, but need glasses to see detail in the distance not perfect astigmatism in both eyes so issues perhaps with focusing vision sometimes, astigmatism inherited from grandfather. Dad had perfect eyesight, but needed glasses to see computer, read small print in later life - opposite Scottish Ambulance station in Aberdeen on quiet road, the road that links to Forresterhill Road near Cornhill shops such as Aldi - you can tell location from the video. Open flaps by hand - seven connectors for cables. Cable must come in boot of car at time of purchase - check with garage. Look picture of credit or debit card on EV charger so Contactless support tap at machine this is new EV chargers, emerging trend. New machines built with support for credit and debit Contactless technology for payment - you tap your bank debit or credit against machine to activate this simplifies the process. First connect a cable from the machine EV charger to your car, tap your payment card against the machine likely the LCD panel or screen or the symbol of a card on this machine to pay activate payment start off the charging process. The LCD screen likely will provide output or feedback during charging process, charging may take an hour for a full charge for rapid chargers, 80 percent for half an hour. Difficult to tell if this is a rapid charger, but try and keep productive when car charging make good use of time. Time often flies when people are having fun - think use mobile data on a smartphone, start reading the news, or send emails to work colleagues.

https://fb.watch/fAErgr8vzn/

16th September 2022 Bannatyne Health Club and Spa opposite Tesco Danestone EV electric vehicle charger InstaVolt chargepoin+ only one of this make in the City of Aberdeen unique - two machines with capability to charge two cars per machine, nowt cars charging when video taken really EV chargers not that popular yet but just wait in future people may be queueing up, long delays without more EV chargers being erected. Start, Stop and emergency Stop button clearly visible more visible than the high up instructions which are not obvious but very detailed, good instructional support here. Petrol pump handles familiar analogy. Tritium on EV charger. LCD panel with limited computer text. 66p per Kw - really not very useful info uncertain how many Kilowatts it takes for a full charge. This EV charger works with Contactless credit or debit card just tap it against the machine. Bank cards have RFID or radiofrequency ID built-in - it is really wireless contact technology think tap against card reader in a shop, money gets deducted automatically same principle. You might need a separate RFID card for other EV chargers but also your smartphone works too - modern smartphones built with radiofrequency support. Big issue EV chargers throughout Aberdeen are different in various places - different makes and models really there is ISO International Organisation for Standardisation also there is IEEE Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers that make technology standards.

https://fb.watch/fAEtleut0a/

16th September 2022 Friday - Westhill Golf Course really trees blowing in the wind and actually Aberdeen more sheltered than on the outskirts of the City it is all the buildings, the grey granite solid structures. Aberdeen more traffic, more congestion but perhaps less windy - still quite easy to breathe in Aberdeen but actually more fresh air in the countryside, think breath a sigh of relief getting out of the City think fresh air, sheep and cows, lamb and beef. Always start with the date for online video descriptions, post lots of videos, the date at the start helps with finding them later.

https://fb.watch/fAEKtoGxmk/

Late 1700s River Don Heritage Trail several hundred people built sluice gate cutting through 20 foot of rock and water mill also water power for industrial Aberdeen and Finella Paton birth control for married woman

16th September 2022 Late 1700s River Don Heritage Trail several hundred people built sluice gate cutting through 20 foot of rock. One mile long used to power the Mill at Grandholm. Flow of water powered the mill wheel and all machines. A waterwheel is a type of device that takes advantage of flowing or falling water to generate power by using a set of paddles mounted around a wheel. The falling force of the water pushes the paddles, rotating a wheel. Water power from mills is what powered industrial Aberdeen during the 1700s and Aberdeen built up around Torry and the River Dee also around the River Don and Old Aberdeen. St Katherine's Club and Fenella Paton (formerly Crombie) 1901-1949 set up in 1917 at Shiprow to help girls from the East End of Aberdeen. Crombie family famous for woolen mill at Grandholme. Married John David Paton during 1923. St Katherine's Club now the Lemon Tree. Fenella progressive views at the time inspired by Marie Stopes work and founded the Aberdeen Women's Welfare Centre with support of Aberdeen Mother and Welfare Child Association in 1926 giving advice on birth control to married woman. From Gerrard Street, Finella Paton founded the clinic with mother and friends. In 1935 Aberdeen Town Council started to partially fund the project then the NHS National Health Service took it over when it launched in 1948.

https://fb.watch/fAEJqkMQKg/

Aberdeen Women's Alliance - St Katherine's Club also Lemon Tree Foundation Stone - The foundation stone of the Lemon Tree building on West North Street. The inscription reads - This corner stone was laid by Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal on 15th May 1936. Faded Stone is by Lemon Tree building on West North Street near the Aberdeen Arts Centre.

Donald Smith, 1st Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal - known as Sir Donald A. Smith between May 1886 and August 1897, was a Scottish-born Canadian businessman who became one of the British Empire's foremost builders and philanthropists. He became commissioner, governor and principal shareholder of the Hudson's Bay Company. He was president of the Bank of Montreal and with his first cousin, George Stephen (later Lord Mount Stephen), co-founded the Canadian Pacific Railway. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba and afterwards represented Montreal in the House of Commons of Canada. He was Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom from 1896 to 1914. He was chairman of Burmah Oil and the Anglo-Persian Oil Company. He was chancellor of McGill University (1889–1914)[1] and the University of Aberdeen.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Smith,_1st_Baron_Strathcona_and_Mount_Royal

Hudson Bay Company linked to Canada - As of 2020, the company now owns and operates nearly 250 department stores in Canada and the United States, including Hudson's Bay, Saks Fifth Avenue. Originally headquartered in London, England, its head offices are located in Brampton, Ontario.

Hudson Bay Company beginnings 17th Century importance - first to propose a trading company to reach the interior of the continent via Hudson Bay and gain easier access to the fur resources of the interior (see Fur Industry). After failing to obtain French support on their terms, they went to England in 1665 and interested Prince Rupert, cousin of Charles II. Rupert persuaded the king, several merchants and noblemen to back the venture.

https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/hudsons-bay-company

Anglo-Persion Oil Company founded in Iran owned by the British government now known as BP British Petroleum

Anglo-Persion Oil Company - The Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) was a British company founded in 1909 following the discovery of a large oil field in Masjed Soleiman, Iran.

The British government purchased 51 percent of the company in 1914, gaining a controlling number of shares, effectively nationalizing the company. It was the first company to extract petroleum from Iran.

In 1935 APOC was renamed the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) when Reza Shah Pahlavi formally asked foreign countries to refer to Persia by its endonym Iran.

In 1954, it was renamed again to the British Petroleum Company, one of the antecedents of the modern BP public limited company. The government of Mohammad Mosaddegh nationalized the company's local infrastructure assets and gave the new company the name National Iranian Oil Company.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Persian_Oil_Company

Anchor Centre at main Forresterhill health Campus state of current development

16th September 2022 garden gnomes, a metal display bike, a reindeer and wild flowers in an interesting garden also opposite this is the current state of the Anchor building or centre at the Forresterhill Campus or Aberdeen Royal Infirmary being erected with crane. Anchor building here and at the back the Archer centre opposite side children's charity by the Aberdeen Children's Hospital. Anchor and Archer similar sounding names and children in schools are learning Jolly phonics the sounding out of words - often many words have logical connotations.

https://fb.watch/fAENhduAsZ/

River Don near Danestone and Health Club

16th September 2022 three or 3 minute video along the bank of the River Don going along a path shrouded in fallen tree debris and also many tall trees near Bannatyne Health Club and Spa by Tesco Danestone also by the bridge towards the Haudagain roundabout. This path actually runs to Gordon Brae comes out opposite Grandholme Drive which is near the Campus, One, Two and Three Technology Park - if you go into the car park of the health club and spa opposite Tesco Danestone entrance, there is a tarred path at the end of the car park in the corner going all the way along to Diamond Bridge and Gordon Brae. Quiet path popular with walkers suitable for bikes to enable safe and efficient active travel.

https://fb.watch/fAEOP9nyGc/

Leslie Terrace Aberdeen closed end of September 2022

19 to 23rd September also Monday to Friday 26th to 30th September Leslie Terrace will be closed to traffic. Calsayseat Road and Powis Terrace are alternative routes. Child's playpark in leafy surrounds on Leslie Terrace also Leslie Terrace comes out between Berryden Road and Bedford Road by the traffic lights and runs along by the railway line - back of Berryden retail park bad graffiti on waste land rough land overgrown area is present actually but this is not featured in the video just rest assured this is present at the current time. Video starts with the child's play park also Streamline Shipping Group lorry featured in this video likely come from the ferry terminal or harbour really this shows the importance of shipping and Torry Battery also the harbour.

https://fb.watch/fAEQvYHisU/

Building Nuclear Reactor in Stages also Step By Step

Recall Whitney Houston sang Step By Step in the Preacher's Wife - Whitney Houston also was singer in The Bodyguard film needed protection from Kevin Costner who starred in Robin Hood Prince of Thieves think bows and arrows.

Whitney Houston sang many songs for the Bodyguard soundtrack or score and she was found dead in the bath drug overdose.

Recall I Will Always Love You sang by Whitney Houston likely her signature song or tune but even in the film The Bodyguard someone had sung it in the past - the original song was actually sung by Dolly Parton the Country singer.

Whitney Houston had a high alter pitch voice - recall alters and tenors in musical voices, alters higher pitch sound and tenors deep bass sound - Whoppi Goldberg was the teacher for singing from Sister Act. Recall the three tenors linked to Italian Opera and Pavaroti - Pavrotri sang We Are The World.

The Three Tenors male voices but nowadays opera may comprise female voices like Lesley Garrott. There is the modern operatic popular singer like Katherine Jenkins - music is generally split into genres like country, popular music, classic, rock, R and B and there are other genres besides the most well known.

Building a nuclear reactor the process explained

1. Air or the fuel goes into a Pump

2. Pumps link to valves well the valve is the unit of control that limits what comes out of the pump

3. Flow sensors and hitech equipment that sense how much air or fuel flows through a valve

4. The main part of a nuclear reactor is the furnace and coolant with a coolant jacket - the core part of a reactor can deal with intense heat so there is a need for thermometers to monitor temperature prevent overheating really it is the coolant that is the most critical element of a nuclear reactor for safety's sake. Global warming is happening - location of a nuclear reactor and nuclear power plant also matters. Torry Battery in Aberdeen is by a world popular port or harbour and during winter early morning Aberdeen usually experiences cold mist rolling of the North Sea known as the Sea har. The Sea har most generations going back into history are familiar with those who lived in Aberdeen and the surrounding area.

5. Nuclear reactors have a Coolant out component - water can evaporate so a reactor needs a fresh supply of water so a reactor near the North Sea is quite important. Replacing used water and dispersing water full of contaminants getting rid of it expelling used water is really fundamental to safety.

6. Pumps may be at both ends of the main furnace the red hot centre or the core of a nuclear reactor - pumps necessary to ensure control over input and output. Nuclear reactors just like digital computing systems have input and outputs. BIOS Basic Input Output System of a computer and it is the pre-boot environment for a computer. Boot into the BIOS before Windows 10 to change the boot order, instead of booting Windows 10 from a hard disk, you can boot it from DVD like Windows 10 on DVD perform a fresh install or boot a flavour of Linux like Ubuntu or Gnu Linux.

7. Motors are also fitted to a nuclear reactor and turn or drive the motorised conveyor belt. A conveyor belt works by using two motorized pulleys that loop over a long stretch of thick, durable material. When motors in the pulleys operate at the same speed and spin in the same direction, the belt moves between the two. The conveyor belt in a traditional industrial application may be used in a sorting system and is applied for the separation of coated fuel particles, so conveyor belts are likely found in a nuclear power plant which uses a fuel source such as uranium. Thorium is safer and more efficient to mine than uranium, thus making it more environmentally friendly. The percentage of thorium found in its ore is generally greater than the percentage of uranium found in its ore, so it is more cost-efficient. Thorium is mainly mined in Australia, Canada, the United States, Russia and India, according to Minerals Education Coalition. Trace levels of thorium are found in rocks, soil, water, plants and animals, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

8. Nuclear reactors equipped normally with internal temperature sensors and outdoor temperature sensors. With hotter temperatures happening outside, air conditioning is common in the Asia Pacific region of the world also air conditioning is a must and is essential in server farms and in places where there are many computers together - a standard desktop computer has a fan fixed on top of the computer processor. The processor performs all the calculations and is the brain of a computer really it works hard. The processor spins and produces heat so for proper functioning it needs cooled down or kept cool to maintain proper functioning.

9. Nuclear reactors built with sensors, alarms and also LED Light Emitting Diodes status symbol indicators to alert humans to warnings and also impending danger so LEDs linked to complex computer systems with computer software. Computer software linked to a nuclear reactor must be well tested and built for safety critical systems.

10. The moderator and control rods together control the rate of reaction in the core of the nuclear reactor. Most nuclear reactors use water as a moderator, which can also act as a coolant, although some do use graphite rods. So perhaps controls rods or the moderator can be the coolant to maintain a cool state for the nuclear reactor - replacing used water with contaminants would likely improve safety so really a nuclear reactor or power plant being close to water such as the North Sea is really critical to safety.

11. Control rods in a traditional sense - A rod, plate, or tube containing a material such as hafnium, boron for example used to control the power of a nuclear reactor. By absorbing neutrons, a control rod prevents the neutrons from causing further fissions.

12. Neutrons have no or nowt electrical charge; it is neutral. Neutrons are extremely dense. Proton like positive have an electrical charge.

13. Control rods seek to control atoms really and seek to stop the neutrons the negative energy charge from becoming positive so control rods seek to stop overheating in a nuclear reactor but also a coolant which is water can do the same. Nuclear reactors can be built with control rods or without using a coolant and both control rods and a coolant is known as a moderator. Moderators seek to maintain a calm state and a vital to safety in a nuclear reactor.

14. So what is fission exactly? Dirty energy in a nutshell problems with nuclear waste and this view is held by John Mason MSP Scottish politician working for the Scottish National Party. Fission occurs when a neutron slams into a larger atom, forcing it to excite and split into two smaller atoms also known as fission products. Additional neutrons are also released that can initiate a chain reaction. When each atom splits, a tremendous amount of energy is released.

15. Fusion more modern and sustainable mirrors the moon and the stars and does not have big issues around nuclear waste and it is where two light atomic nuclei combine and release energy, while fission is the process of splitting two heavy, unstable atomic nuclei into two lighter nuclei, also releasing energy - although less than with fusion.

16. An atom is just a concept term defines a chemical element and goes from negative to positive so it changes its status and this is really how energy works at a fundamental level think negative lights off and then lights on, computer and laptop powered up - smartphones, laptops and tablets battery powered think Direct Current also think Lithium batteries not solar powered like some calculators in the past also the One Laptop Per Child solar powered laptop for Africa by Nicolas Negroponte.

17. A physics teachers might want to impress students but they may not understand how to build a nuclear reactor and a physics tutor or teacher might say an atom consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is positively charged and contains one or more relatively heavy particles known as protons and neutrons.

18. Protons, neutrons and a nucleus might be fancy terms - but really atoms are about changes in energy status at the most fundamental level. Think in the computer world binary digits zero and one used to represent data. Zero and one also two states used in circuitboards for zero for off and one for on. Changing states, holding or storing data, erasing data, having energy or turning off the power losing everything and NAND flash memory stores data when the power is off. Mobile smartphones and tablets use NAND flash and they are definitely not built in the United Kingdom at the present time more like Asian countries perhaps South Korea, China or Japan. Distributing production of mobile and tablet devices actually minimises transportation and cuts energy requirements in the long term.

19. Atomic nuclei consist of electrically positive protons and electrically neutral neutrons. These are held together by the strongest known fundamental force, called the strong force.

20. Understanding nuclear reactors is about definition of terms like atomic, atom, fission and fusion - understanding the difference between fission and fusion can still be difficult after a definition.

21. What is atomic? Think the atomic bomb dropped during the second world war on Pearl Harbour in Japan by the Americans and it made real people on the ground suffer horrendous or harmful health issues and killed many within a considerable distance or radius. Atomic in conventional terms linked with warfare but atoms are part of nuclear energy also nuclear physics.

22. Fission and fusion is about releasing energy, charged particles into the atmosphere consider the Hadron Collider in Switzerland designed to simulate the Big Bang - this is how Earth was supposedly formed, but really no-one really knows how the shared world or planet known as Earth came into being - it has always been present during human civilisation.

23. Consider Physics is about the realm of what is possible in the real physical boundless world well there are limits or boundaries to an extent although the ocean can be very deep at the Mariana Trench the deepest part in the Asia Pacific region.

24. We are all bound by gravity this is where everything falls to Earth but objects in water can float that are made of air recall tyres, lilos and children may wear arm bands.

25. Dense objects without air sink - humans need air and need to stay at the surface. While humans can hold their breath underwater they cannot do it for very long and require oxygen tanks or breathing apparatus - scuba diving is where humans have a mask and breathe through a tube that comes into contact with the surface above water.

26. Humans tread water kick legs to float or bob on the surface think fishing bob and bait - humans learn to swim to get through the water otherwise humans will sink or drown then there are sharks, alligators and crocodiles in tropical waters which can kill humans, bite off arms and legs.

27. In fishing, fisherman, bob something in the water as bait for fish to catch them - fish thus go for the bait and get caught. Fisherman can catch too many fish, have to throw some back and the European Union has fish quotas to protect fish stocks but sadly fish thrown back into the water may not survive.

Coolant and Currents - E-bikes is power assisted travel - older drivers may remember when there was absolutely no power steering and the need to make complete turns of the wheel to turn a corner and Norfolk broads in England, wave power, Stephen Salter and Aberdeen's Robert Gordon University honorary degrees

Coolant and Currents also tantrums, noises perhaps classed as behavioural problems and aggression may mask abuse but always important to respect others fellow humanity cause no physical real world injuries when in close contact

Coolant and Currents also tantrums, noises and aggression may mask abuse but always important to respect others fellow humanity. Respect for others and for life more generally is what will likely lead to people living and being allowed to live where they reside.

Actually is it women and mothers who are more likely to be more sympathetic, tolerant and care providing selfless care.

Costco wider parking bays may attract more families - smaller three door vehicles have wider doors may be cheaper more economical, disabled bays usually vacant at Tesco Westhill

Women are more likely to do the shopping, carry heavy items also and backpacking also rucksacks can help people to carry shopping home on foot also be used for travel by bike for grocery shopping - difficult though to carry shopping while a toddler is present and mother and toddler parking bays at Aldi in Westhill also at Home Bargains. Smaller cars with three doors often cheaper - front doors usually open wider accommodating more infirm persons but children could be trapped in the back have to clamber out in an emergency through the front. Disabled bays usually wider and parking bays at American food giant cash and carry Costco are usually wider this might explain why many families go to Costco in the Westhill area. Stating the obvious, explaining may be met by some with hostility but could lead to improvements, advancements and also innovation - carers pulling older people in a Rickshaw could give a group of older people a good time in the great outdoors.

This person peddled a four whelled vehicle or contraption at Haggerston Castle in North-East England has a child steering, driving and peddaling with his parents has passengers - it was difficult to steer actually and hard work, but possible also great fun. Pedal power bikes actually give great personal satisfaction, can be slow though but enable more appreciation of the outdoors world and life more generally. Batteries on bikes store a charge in DC current but require to be charged up - through the night charging with batteries off bikes might increase in the future.

E-bikes is power assisted travel - older drivers may remember when there was absolutely no power steering and the need to make complete turns of the wheel to turn a corner

Electric bikes is power assisted travel like power steering in cars.

Older cars had absolutely no power steering and older people in their 70s and older may recall turning the steering wheel right round just to turn a corner.

Many improvements made in the motoring world brought by power steering - younger drivers take for granted the ease to turn a steering wheel and increase speed on Scotland's roads. ABS is the Anti-Braking System assists braking but underneath it there is sophisticated electronics.

Power steering, ABS anti-braking system innovations actually - older cars had chokes and drivers pulled out a choke to start the engine also the ignition, gear sticks where longer, drivers went slower - tractors and heavy farm machinary been on the go for a long time, some people may have learnt on tractors before cars. Transport in Britain born out of the need to feed the population, move products from farm to supermarket with crops grown on the farms - second world war involved the Land Army and women working on the farms also raising the children.

From the world of motoring What is a Choke Valve? A choke valve or cable is designed to restrict the flow of air in the carburettor of an engine. This helps enrich the fuel-air mixture, improving the ability to start an engine in low temperature conditions. Scotland has historically suffered colder weather and there is Henry Ford, really one of the pioneers of the motor industry. Lifelong learning usually leads to the accumulation of knowledge making older persons valuable with wisdom - important to record knowledge gained in tangible forms and digital technology makes recording easier.

Chokes in DC motors and DC Direct Current linked to batteries - This reduces the sharp corners, or peaks, of the voltage waveform to rounded edges, protecting the motor from surges and the associated heating that occurs. Chokes important in electric cars, but cars so far may have been built without chokes.

Why use a choke? Why not just a big series resistor? A choke is used in place of a series resistor because the choke allows better filtering (less residual AC ripple on the supply, which means less hum in the output of the amp) and less voltage drop. An ideal inductor would have zero DC resistance. So chokes linked to EV vehicles since they rely on AC to DC conversion electricity supply to batteries used in electric vehicles.

A choke placed between the drive and the motor also helps to reduce electromagnetic interference from the cables and the possibility of reflected waves.

Chokes versus inductors - Inductors can generate magnetic fields and can also store energy within magnetic fields. A choke's primary purpose is to remove Alternating Current and pass DC current. Radiofrequency (RF) chokes rely on increasingly larger inductor sizes to block low-frequency signals.

Think Henry Ford and Ford Britain - we need to build the electric Ford Fiesta, an affordable, hatchback small car for families and small families think 2.4 children - that was a BBC sitcom and it was named after the size of a standard family in Britain around the time it was viewed or screend on British television. Ford Britain electric vehicles need a choke for harsh Scottish winters and snow in Aberdeenshire.

Movement actually emerged from the farming community in the 20th century and there was locomotives and trains in 20th century Britain the Steam train came first and they are often found in tourist attraction sites. Steam trains often dirtier also coal was also used historically in locomotive transport in Britain. Go to transport museum in Beamish in Northumberland - keeping good ties with distant cousins in Northumberland can have benefits actually also helping them with trade can be wise. Dad's Mum or mother Geordie originally came from mining community North-East England - Facebook makes it easier to connect for families not in the same location.

Women more likely to keep closer ties - talk to one another and talking can reveal a lot

Women more likely to be talkative and expressive also their close families also siblings are more likely to be aware of issues in the past, this can drive them on to alert others before hand before an investigation fully runs its course and reaches a conclusion - conclusions may never be reached since events always move on difficult for real closure.

Women are more likely to reach out contact female cousins this may drive awareness among the medical community provoke unjustified detentions and responses - communications can be a good way to cover tracks and women are often very fluent make up most news organisations and women also more prolific in caring roles. A daughter in work may have concerns, share them with her mother, but everyone wants to live - those in work are very fortunate and should always seek to broaden the pool of talent within a workforce, focus on inclusive organisations with a range of abilities - disabilities can be masked with digital technology and technology for mobility.

Attention can be diverted and also some people may not be to blame - following an information trail maybe less reliable than visual data that has been shared

Attention may also be diverted to those with the loudest voice, but also arrive home with shopping many people have to juggle items - shopping, wallets, mobile phones then there is plastic carrier bags and those were 5 pence for a long time but now are rising to 10 pence. Plastic in the ocean can be a big problem. Eating in moderation also calorie restriction can be useful alongside exercise - diet and exercise often linked to Type two diabetes and in diabetes issues can affect eyesight. Sugar tax was introduced on fizzy drinks also milkshakes real world price increase but actually sugary drinks are sometimes but not always cheaper than diet drinks.

In a nutshell, Attention can be diverted and also some people may not be to blame - following an information trail maybe less reliable than visual data that has been shared, start investigating a case and unfounded evidence may emerge in the digital information world. What really happened in the past? Well it is video that reminds people about their loved ones, shows over tells and shows someone's persona and character, can also show obstacles, chart progress lead to lessons being learnt so others can benefit. Many beneficiaries can come from shared photos and videos also helpful web links to real world physical attractions. Digital information may freak people out, but visual information can prove a tale and the online world is only has good as what is in the physical world - Bing.com reveals a picture of a real world site every day and makes the outside world appealing, Bing.com search engine from Microsoft to rival Google.

Currents and coolants in a nuclear reactor

Currents or coolants in a nuclear reactor - The water in the core is heated by nuclear fission and then pumped into tubes inside a heat exchanger.

Tubes that will be control rods that caused meltdown of Chernobyl. Heat can cause fires, Carbon Dioxide or CO2 puts out or extinguishers fires but also water is important and this is the coolant in a nuclear reactor. The coolant is important to the stability of a nuclear plant this is really the most fundamental aspect of a nuclear plant in terms of maintaining safety prevent catastrophic fires at a nuclear plant.

Tubes also control rods heat a separate water source to create steam. Scottish inventor James Watt steam engine inventor - steam started locomotive travel and also steam was used to power boats on the Norfolk Broads, canal boats in narrow waterways.

Steam then turns an electric generator to produce electricity.

The core water cycles back to the reactor to be reheated and the process is repeated.

Many generators were used in the North-East of Scotland during the winter period of 2021-2022 during the high intensity storms of strong winds, electricity was knocked out power lines down all over Aberdeenshire. Hospitals usually have back-up generators to power vital medical equipment but eventually they will fail since unterruptible power supplies require to be charged or to store electricity in batteries.

How a nuclear reactor works at a fundamental level - the nuclear reaction heats the fuel typically uranium but actually possible to build a nuclear power plant without uranium this might be unusual but it could be safer long-term.

The fuel heats the water to make steam (James Watt), the steam spins the turbine, the turbine turns the generator, and the generator makes electricity. BBC Story of Electricity is on YouTube now search for it you will easily find it - web link shared in the past on Facebook.

Water can evaporate in Africa - whole pools of water can disappear. Programmes on planet Earth by Sir David Attenburgh highlight this point, so while water can evaporate out in the open, water typically comes from rainfall to fill lochs, rivers, streams, lakes, seas and oceans called preciptitation think water vapour rising from the ground after rainfall to go back into the clouds in the great Cycle of Life. Water actually is fundamntal and most drinks are also made from water even fizzy drinks also alcoholic drinks. Water is needed to create fertile, arable farmland for growing crops.

Crops can fail in African nations think the trade scheme known as Fairtrade designed to give African farmers a better deal, it still might not be as good as French or Aberdeenshire farmers. Donald Trump proposed the Green Deal, but gained absolutly no traction since people did not understand. Being expressive takes time while the world moves on always and abusers can take advantage of those more vulnerable persons, but actually video with sound or audio can be a more efficient platform - video is the medium of convergence sound and full colour picture representations. It actually took a while for black and white to fade out and actually even in recent decades the BBC in the modern era still supported black and white TV licences.

Even in the United Kingdom, there may be people living in adject poverty who face hard times and disadvantage. Pockets of deprivation may be more apparent in areas of lower cost housing, but those in such communities may pull together more in a crisis such as coming together in the pub - social depreivation usually linked with health inequalities.

Every deserves a fair chance, a fair hearing and to be represented equally.

Working in coal mines in the past think Wales also think North-East England and then there was Longannet in Fife worked often in squallor conditions and miners still likely to be found in China a country with around one billion people, a massive population also a significant population of people in this shared world - young environmentalists often chant with plackards there is no planet B an alternative world but NASA do explore Mars. Who wants to live in isolation on Mars? Actually exploration of the red planet Mars may help to advance technology maybe even understand if life existed on Mars and also support life in fragile, remote areas of the world.

Norfolk broads in England, wave power, Stephen Salter and Aberdeen's Robert Gordon University honorary degrees

Abedeen's Robert Gordon University modern University established in 1992 core focus technology and engineering but also computing and midwifery (new life) including also business, social sciences, social work and applied social studies including Chemistry, which is linked to silican or sand - RGU been doing TechFest exhibit for 25 years or a generation. University of Aberdeen is older, more established but still they run different courses like Divinity and also philosophy not as high-tech but then the University runs course in Geographical Information Systems and data mining.

Real rivalry between both Universities - Oxford and Cambridge have the boat race. Students in Aberdeen may man boats up and down the River Dee. Sir Steve Redgrave five time Olympic Gold medallist for Britain at five successive Olympics and from Westhill emerged Tim Baillie Olympic canoeist in canoe slalom for London 2012 Olympics from Westhill in Aberdeenshire. Britain is an island nation think coastal erosion, flooding and also wild swimming also fishing too including Salmon breeding around Banchory in Aberdeenshire. Aberdeen Science Centre core focus is robotics and Westhill seven miles from Aberdeen and the beach front also is the global centre of excellence in subsea engineering. Astraunaughts that go to space may train underwater in a zero gravity environment. UK Prime Minister David Cameron published a study during 2014 into coastal erosion. Aberdeen Lord Provost Barney Crocket did express his desire for Rubislaw Quarry to be used to train astraunaughts - Barney linked to Barney bikes rental scheme for bikes around the City of Aberdeen.

The Norfolk Broads in England boasts or emcompasses 150 churches - classic or historic Conservative territory.

The Norfolk Broads makes use of lots of canals. There are absolutely no narrow boats on the Broads and waterways on the Broads predate the industrial revolution.

Moreover, travelling upstream against the wind was tricky in olden days. This is similar to pedalling against the wind on bikes in Scotland.

Barton and Broad is the best lake of the Broads. Moreover, the sides of the broads were vertical and resulted in masses of peat extraction in the 11th - 13th century.

As a result of this, Norwich was the boom town of England. To this day, the Broads are an economic landscape - the land is grazed on and the reeds are used. It is a very natural landscape in modern day Britain with economic drivers for success.

The Norfolk Broads has about 13000 boats. While railways brought people to the Broads on holiday in the early 20th century, now cars are used.

Incidentally, you get boats powered by steam. We need steam powered electric bikes.

Furthermore, the river Ant near Great Yarmouth in the 11th century was at the heart of Europe and St Bennett’s was important.

The area imported limestone from Normandy - it came up river. That said, Henry VIII dissolved monasteries.

All the goods from Norfolk and the Broads came through Great Yarmouth, a once prosperous town.

There is no tide on canals - they are calm. You do need to get the time right with the tide. This is important for wave energy to harness electricity from ocean currents. Stephen Salter known as the father of wave power, invented the Salter Duck the device which regulates or seeks to harness wave energy. Stephen Salter gained an honouary degree from Aberdeen's Robert Gordon University in July 2005.

Geothermal energy often untapped potential but also so is radiation from nuclear power and The political sphere is where worlds collide and arguments stem from divergent opinions (Scottish courts separate opinions from facts and focus on facts) - TCP/IP is a set of fair play rules for computer and digital message exchange enabling different devices to connect - some older computers built by Novell were suited to IPX networks not TCP/IP - also there was Microsoft NetBIOS a non-routable protocol linked to MS-DOS

Studied French actually during secondary school including also Standard Grade French also attended music classes at Bruce Millers on Union Street learning to play the keyboard.

2010 visited a music museum in Germany with music tracks ordered around the room sorted by decade - great step back in time through the era of popular music from the 1960s to the present day and from this era there is Sir Cliff Richard a popular icon of music. Before the 1950s, music was mostly done by orchestras and music written by composers such as Beethoven. The BBC The Apprentice theme tune is known as Romeo and Juliet by Sergei Prokofiev Russian composer - recall young lovers who died for one another also fued the Montagues versus the Capulets from fair Verona. Who pays much attention to the musical composition, the soundtrack or score of a TV programme or film?

Musical notes, values and rythms

• A Semibreve whole note = 4 beats

• A minim Half Note = 2 beats

• A crotchet (quarter note) = 1 beat

• A Quaver (Eighth Note) = Half a Beat

• A Semiquaver (Sixteenth Note) = Quarter of a beat

Music is written in a score and composition of time and 2/4 is two beats in the bar, 3/4 is three beats in the bar and 4/4 is four beats in the bar.

Famous musical composer was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozard and there is also from Germany Albert Einstean.

A warm Summer's day also perhaps evening in Scotland and also places like Rome, Italy for example people really do feel warm air or warmth coming from the ground, coming from below ground radiating up. This might be geothermal energy - the Sun emits radiation also - there is Ultraviolet radiation the opposite of Infrared.

Infrared perhaps best used for night time also TV transmitters emit Infrared from masts high up think the Durris TV transmitter. Ultraviolet linked to tanning studios - there is a Sun tanning studio on Greenfern Road in Mastricht, Aberdeen lower quality housing area, health inequalities and sunshine linked with good health but the Sun can be too bright at times - be blinding, sore on the eyes and low winter Sun can cause drivers to slow down and cause road accidents.

Geothermal energy often untapped potential but also so is radiation from nuclear power. Only around 10 percent of energy comes from nuclear if statistics are to be believed but nuclear is always a contentious controversial issue - 70 percent comes from EDF Energy in France not Eon energy but you get easily confused. Contentious issue of nuclear power perhaps corroborate the low use of nuclear for energy. Nuclear fallout from Pearl harbour spanned some distance, so there is Dunreay and Cellafield located at the top and in the middle of the United Kingdom. It is not clear exactly how far radioactive contaminants spread.

Working through thoughts is this website and understanding how things work is an ongoing issue. Important to be logical, coherent and source evidence - still some people could freak out. Jumping to conclusions can happen also privacy over sharing or instead of sharing actually may lead to paranoia.

Jumping to conclusions may also lead to paranoia - also general statistics can be not accurate also misleading and this may be media manipulation - often the media is women in the backroom and women more likely to rely on their car, seek protection behind their husband - widows older women may be more vulnerable.

Go outside for the truth - lots of traffic and traffic flows in and around the Aberdeen area. Aberdeen Royal Infirmary actually is a hospital site that receives or attracts acts as a central point of amalgamation lots of buses, so patients may make their own way to hospital this is called outpatient clinics, certainly bus travel is for those patients that are mobile and have not had accidents. Plenty of buses arriving also leaving the main hospital site in Aberdeen in recent times.

For those that go into wards, they may have had accidents - also there is a wide range of health issues usually ranging from minor asthma to more complex breathing difficulties.

Most symptoms that can be discribed as Covid are minor even though people may have chronic health issues - many health issues can be alleviated by a healthy diet and regular exercise.

Active travel when bikes are involved is also transport but slow transport making electric bikes single person transport.

Difficult to carry passengers. Bikes need repaired - cars usually needed to get bikes repaired, take them somewhere to get fixed. Foldable bikes may prove useful, but they are slower.

Foldable bikes can stick get stuck in a fold position and also can be difficult to get into and out of small cars - also there is the issue of care for children and car seats.

This makes for a very challenging situation, but persistence is important - having patience and also being patient with more disabled persons is important also being patient too with digital systems is equally important, document issues, workarounds and share solutions.

Some people can keep on being supportive and helpful only for others to be abusive since they do not understand their position - those in work in paid job roles are very fortunate, getting out with somewhere to go every day having a fulfilling vocation.

More money may buy more happiness but money is not everything when people are properly cared for and have a warm, safe home to go to. Some parts of the world experience more disasters think land slides, earthquakes also volcanic eruptions - this actually is what makes building homes quickly important like 3D printing to enable rapid fabrication of homes.

From Lumen Learning on radiation and heat transfer - You can feel the heat transfer from a fire and from the Sun. Similarly, you can sometimes tell that the oven is hot without touching its door or looking inside—it may just warm you as you walk by. The space between the Earth and the Sun is largely empty, without any possibility of heat transfer by convection or conduction. In these examples, heat is transferred by radiation. That is, the hot body emits electromagnetic waves that are absorbed by our skin: no medium is required for electromagnetic waves to propagate. Different names are used for electromagnetic waves of different wavelengths: radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-physics/chapter/14-7-radiation/

MSN Breaking news on 22nd August 2022 President Vladimir Putin the Russian leader seems to be suffering ill health

Vladimir Putin strong leader did condemn the terrorist attacks against the London tube and transport network at Gleneagles in Scotland. Most political leaders are associated with events some good some bad, and most are linked to wars, violence and bloodshed. Russia is one of the three major global players namely America, Russia and Europe - actually Russia is part of Europe geographically as is the United Kingdom if not politically. Recall there is two types of Atlas - geographical and political.

The political sphere is where worlds collide and arguments stem from divergent opinions (Scottish courts separate opinions from facts and focus on facts) - disputes often over points of view and paradigms. Also important to consider the geographical world is shared also TCP/IP is the rules that underpin the Internet, a set of fair play rules for computer and digital message exchange enabling different devices to connect - some older computers built by Novell were suited to IPX networks not TCP/IP - also there was Microsoft NetBIOS a non-routable protocol linked to MS-DOS.

Only 69-years-old not old in any case President Vladimir Putin the Russian leader has lost use of one arm, has cancer, his health his rapidly deteriorating, he has been using body doubles to hide his health - see https://www.msn.com/.../vladimir-putin-s.../ar-AA10UwhF. Illness can succombe to anyone just look at former Apple boss Steve Jobs who had pancreatic cancer died aged 56 - known as Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011). Personal computer pioneer along with Steve Wozniak. Who's heard of Steve Wozniak and what's he doing now?

Facebook shared video with select friends - note that Facebook enables people to control who they share videos with also to share with a select few or hundreds - ranges can be significant and span multiple countries and families may spread around the world - it is Scots law not up to scratch failing to encompass online witnesses real people

In-service day the day before the schools go back after Summer Mum plays educational games and animal dominoes to start with - Mum tells her grandson Cameron about winning a prize during 1963 when she was aged 15 at the dances for Chubby Checker and the Twist.

In-service day babysitting duties teaching my nephew Cameron the musical scale Do Re Mi Fa So La Te Do - the music scale from the Sound of Music the motion picture musical with Do Re Mi. Julie Andrews was the singer - she lost her singing voice, but it came back but perhaps not quite as good as before.

In-service day in Aberdeen - babysitting duties Mum plays Connect 4 or four in a row with her grandson, ship on the windowsill in the flat of my nephew Cameron, Mum does actually recall vaguely and specifically when focusing her memory - big party 1998 tall ships in Aberdeen - George Massie architect was there but so was Margaret Cruickshank, Jos van Haaren and well young toddler Emma van Haaren at home with me and Dad's parents the grandparents. Great time with Emma visiting many great videos brought back also there are many great videos of Mum and Dad's silver wedding anniversary from 1999.

Apologies video file split in two - ship on the windowsill and Mum recalls 1998 tall ships in Aberdeen with architect George Massie three times married - this was when Mum, Dad and Dad's sister Margaret Cruickshank also Jos van Haaren went aboard tall ships for a party - at home was me looking after toddler Emma van Haaren with Dad's parents - the grandparents. Lively toddler playing with Barbies.

In-service day in Aberdeen end of Summer school holidays kids back tomorrow Tuesday 23rd August - my nephew Cameron in the garden this is outdoor play with Mum blowing bubbles in the garden. Bubbles blown outside can bring children together help them learn social skills.

In-service day in Aberdeen end of Summer school holidays kids back tomorrow Tuesday 23rd August - my nephew Cameron in the garden this is outdoor play blowing bubbles in the garden having fun while Mum pricks herself on bushes. Bubbles blown outside can bring children together help them learn social skills. Gardening may be done as a therapeutic activity by older people also disabled people think Foxlane Garden Centre.

In-service day babysitting duties outdoor play in the garden with Mum - My nephew Cameron a nice smile top of the slide in his garden - a shared garden with flat for sale - flat went on the market January 2020 and still for sale two and a half years later and 2000 flats for sale in Aberdeen. Houses or homes with gardens in demand. Also 2000 Council homes being built right across Aberdeen - in Kincorth and in Tillydrone likely more places besides.

In-service day in Aberdeen at the end of the Summer holidays - my nephew Cameron outdoor play in the garden nice smile after catch of disc - is it a frisbee? Disc thrown by Cameron's grandmother.

In-service day in Aberdeen before schools go back after Summer holidays 2022 - babysitting nephew Cameron who starts skipping in living room. Mum and I speak about me cycling - young child learnt with stabilisers hanging off in Inverness learnt to ride bike quickly, and Cameron got a new bike without stabilisers and he cannot yet ride on tarmac aged 6 years old so I was had better balance younger than my nephew. Actually bragging here not featured in video, but I learnt to ride my bike before my sister in age terms. Balance and co-ordination skills I had from a young age from living in Inverness.

Gemini horocope today for me 22th August 2022 Mars is on my side - I will achieve a great deal, but may take on too much and crash and burn. Mum reading the horoscope in TV Choice magazine.

In-service day in Aberdeen - babysitting my nephew Cameron with Mum and Cameron's watching Pokemon about databases and via video I tell Cameron in his present mentioning it about Structured Query Language is the basis for the World Wide Web. Education is best at home via video when parents are supportive but still children do need to learn to read and write.

In-service day in Aberdeen - babysitting my nephew Cameron with Mum Pokeman was on, Cameron put the TV on himself, he can master channels in the hundreds this is Sky TV - Pokeman age rated as 8 eight, Cameron only 6 years old. Mum seems happy for Cameron to watch programmes above his age level.

In-service day in Aberdeen - babysitting duties with my nephew Cameron also with Mum - Pokemon Sky TV during the day programme aimed at 8 year old children, Cameron only 6, databases on TV - Cameron advised about Structured Query Language basis for web. Child can work the TV himself, but Cameron actually doing well in school, bright child - pupil of the week both in Primary one and Primary two at various stages. From nursery aged 4 to when he started school, he really matured grew up remarked his Dad in one sense - child really preparing for school and this is the impact of Broomhill nursery in Aberdeen good area of Aberdeen to live in.

In-service day babysitting young nephew Cameron with Mum playing in the garden - end of playing almost, rain comes on might not be noticeable but Mum wants to go inside responsible carer - Mum been doing some gardening while grandson plays. Foldable Carrera bike present - rain means it can go in the car with child's car seat, get a lift home. Mum drove in older person. Fitter young son cycled into Aberdeen still Mum arrived at the destination first, bikes can be slow but agile and flexible, bikes can go into woodland areas to document fallen trees. Bear in mind this is 23rd August 2022 and there was still fallen trees blocking the path from Hazlehead Park to Queens Road in Aberdeen - in three months winter weather will likely return snow perhaps and perhaps more strong winds. Scientists using fast computers been warning for years about freak weather coming. Fallen trees may block roads, there may be more power lines down - are you ready for it? ITV television TV show Gladiators motto are you ready so said the referee, show broadcast during 1995 and around that time period for a significant time?

1993 - Brixham Harbour - great video Dad's handy work or filming originally and my restoration of Brixham harbour and the Golden Hind, the ship Sir Francis Drake first circumnavigated the globe on.

1993 - Brixham Harbour - me by the famous boat that Sir Francis Drake sailed on the Golden Hind, tiger hat also from Esso Five Mile garage Kingswells. Pay for petrol, save coupons, get a gift, give a gift to your children - a Tiger hat.

Around 1993 with Dad's own father Grandad Jimmy who talks about a black and white viewfinder - this is the camera lens, shooting video back then more difficult than the modern full colour smartphone screens that make it much easier.

1993 - Torquay a fayre day where I rode a bike where when you turn the handlebars one way, the wheels went the opposite way, tricky cycling this bike.

Steep vertical cliffs from Ronda visit 2001 - mountainside village in Spain high up in the mountains one photo anyway - the rest Mum and Dad at Puerto Banus, Spain with ships in the harbour and marina also Dad, me and his sister underwater, great use of an underwater camera and a present Dad returning from a golf holiday in Algarve, Portugal.

Nuclear reactor moderator maintains calm state - control rods versus coolant or water and water can evaporate so needs fresh supply to get rid of contaminnants - fission not the same thing as fishing bob and bait but both related to physics

The moderator and control rods together control the rate of reaction in the core of the nuclear reactor. Most nuclear reactors use water as a moderator, which can also act as a coolant, although some do use graphite rods. So perhaps controls rods or the moderator can be the coolant to maintain a cool state for the nuclear reactor - replacing used water with contaminants would likely improve safety so really a nuclear reactor or power plant being close to water such as the North Sea is really critical to safety.

Control rods in a traditional sense - A rod, plate, or tube containing a material such as hafnium, boron for example used to control the power of a nuclear reactor. By absorbing neutrons, a control rod prevents the neutrons from causing further fissions.

Neutrons have no or nowt electrical charge; it is neutral. Neutrons are extremely dense. Proton like positive have an electrical charge.

Control rods seek to control atoms really and seek to stop the neutrons the negative energy charge from becoming positive so control rods seek to stop overheating in a nuclear reactor but also a coolant which is water can do the same. Nuclear reactors can be built with control rods or without using a coolant and both control rods and a coolant is known as a moderator. Moderators seek to maintain a calm state and a vital to safety in a nuclear reactor.

So what is fission exactly? Dirty energy in a nutshell problems with nuclear waste and this view is held by John Mason MSP Scottish politician working for the Scottish National Party. Fission occurs when a neutron slams into a larger atom, forcing it to excite and split into two smaller atoms also known as fission products. Additional neutrons are also released that can initiate a chain reaction. When each atom splits, a tremendous amount of energy is released.

Fusion more modern and sustainable mirrors the moon and the stars and does not have big issues around nuclear waste and it is where two light atomic nuclei combine and release energy, while fission is the process of splitting two heavy, unstable atomic nuclei into two lighter nuclei, also releasing energy - although less than with fusion.

An atom is just a concept term defines a chemical element and goes from negative to positive so it changes its status and this is really how energy works at a fundamental level think negative lights off and then lights on, computer and laptop powered up - smartphones, laptops and tablets battery powered think Direct Current also think Lithium batteries not solar powered like some calculators in the past also the One Laptop Per Child solar powered laptop for Africa by Nicolas Negroponte.

A physics teachers might want to impress students but they may not understand how to build a nuclear reactor and a physics tutor or teacher might say an atom consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is positively charged and contains one or more relatively heavy particles known as protons and neutrons.

Protons, neutrons and a nucleus might be fancy terms - but really atoms are about changes in energy status at the most fundamental level. Think in the computer world binary digits zero and one used to represent data. Zero and one also two states used in circuitboards for zero for off and one for on. Changing states, holding or storing data, erasing data, having energy or turning off the power losing everything and NAND flash memory stores data when the power is off. Mobile smartphones and tablets use NAND flash and they are definitely not built in the United Kingdom at the present time more like Asian countries perhaps South Korea, China or Japan. Distributing production of mobile and tablet devices actually minimises transportation and cuts energy requirements in the long term.

Atomic nuclei consist of electrically positive protons and electrically neutral neutrons. These are held together by the strongest known fundamental force, called the strong force.

Understanding nuclear reactors is about definition of terms like atomic, atom, fission and fusion - understanding the difference between fission and fusion can still be difficult after a definition.

What is atomic? Think the atomic bomb dropped during the second world war on Pearl Harbour in Japan by the Americans and it made real people on the ground suffer horrendous or harmful health issues and killed many within a considerable distance or radius. Atomic in conventional terms linked with warfare but atoms are part of nuclear energy also nuclear physics.

Fission and fusion is about releasing energy, charged particles into the atmosphere consider the Hadron Collider in Switzerland designed to simulate the Big Bang - this is how Earth was supposedly formed, but really no-one really knows how the shared world or planet known as Earth came into being - it has always been present during human civilisation.

Consider Physics is about the realm of what is possible in the real physical boundless world well there are limits or boundaries to an extent although the ocean can be very deep at the Mariana Trench the deepest part in the Asia Pacific region.

We are all bound by gravity this is where everything falls to Earth but objects in water can float that are made of air recall tyres, lilos and children may wear arm bands.

Dense objects without air sink - humans need air and need to stay at the surface. While humans can hold their breath underwater they cannot do it for very long and require oxygen tanks or breathing apparatus - scuba diving is where humans have a mask and breathe through a tube that comes into contact with the surface above water.

Humans tread water kick legs to float or bob on the surface think fishing bob and bait - humans learn to swim to get through the water otherwise humans will sink or drown then there are sharks, alligators and crocodiles in tropical waters which can kill humans, bite off arms and legs.

In fishing, fisherman, bob something in the water as bait for fish to catch them - fish thus go for the bait and get caught. Fisherman can catch too many fish, have to throw some back and the European Union has fish quotas to protect fish stocks but sadly fish thrown back into the water may not survive.

Part of Personal STEM history - visit in July 1996 to Dounreay nuclear plant after a wedding up a remote hill in Tongue and shared video actually confirms the wedding cousin of Dad's and son of Grandad James's younger brother former Aberdeenshire and Fyvie farmer recently turned 93 years old in recent days

Dounreay nuclear plant in far flung Caithness near actually the proposed Cambo oil field which was mooted last year 2021 but turned down.

Recall in the past the UK government were interested in a new nuclear power plant in the Scottish Borders - England has cellafield nuclear plant barbed wire metal fence, ring fenced to block electromagnetic waves also radio waves.

Controversy often surrounds cellafield nuclear installation. Dunreay being located in far flung Northern Caithness is well away from potential future confrontation wars often between Celts Picts and the English - the SNP want independence for Scotland, Red Robbie Coltrane famous Scots or Scottish actor supports Scottish independence run by Labour and nuclear disarmament.

Robbie Coltrane famous Scottish figure portrayed Hagrid in Harry Potter the fantasy films about Magic and also Robbie Coltrane portrayed Russian KGB agent in both Goldeneye and The World Is Not Enough - really world domaination is over rated actually since lives are interlinked and families can spawn the globe (GlobeSpan signifies this the aircraft carrier). Golden Eye and The World Is Not Enough are part of the longest running film series or sequel James Bond mimicing MI6 Ian Fleming's agent 007. Robbie Coltrane Russian friendly agent helped British spy James Bond even dying for him in his last film outing and encounter.

Important also to discuss while Dounreay is in a decommissioned state it has been shutting down for over 20 years and also Longannet in Fife was a coal fired power plant and tall chimney stacks were demolished, blown up in recent Scottish history.

Also significant in the energy history of Scotland is that North Sea oil rigs get repaired at the Port Authority of Invergordon and oil rigs actually go to Shetland to die or to be taken apart also known as decommissioning - Shetland a grave yard for oil rigs and taking them apart supports island jobs and a way of life on the Shetland islands.

Most pertinent is that it was Margaret Thatcher nicknamed the iron lady who really transformed both Scotland and Britain by moving away from the dirty fossil fuel coal.

From iron lady to Iron Man film - Iron Man Robert Downey Junior about man with rockets on his back using rockets and jet propulsion to power himself and launch himself skyward into the sky working as a superhero. Iron Man actually a hi-tech futuristic film - Iron Man completed unrelated to the Iron Lady Margaret Thatcher.

How nuclear power plants work at a fundamental level

Nuclear power is from water, heated or boiled water which produces steam. The fuel in a nuclear power plant is uranium and Iran has in the past sought to enrich uranium around the time of the conflict in Iraq.

The industrial revolution started with the steam train really and Scots inventor James Watt.

Coal fired locomotives also for train journeys and canals moved goods also - coal trains not Robbie Coltrane were dirty.

Robbie Coltrane actually comes from around Rutherglen originally south east Glasgow but then grew up in Glenalmond around Perth, close by there is Falkirk near the Falkirk Wheel, which is a really innovative design from near the start of the 21st century aimed at moving boats between the Firth and Clyde canals between areas marked as Edinburgh and Glasgow.

Important to mention here Aberdeen River Dee Ferry disaster happened late 19th century pulley boat rope spliced between Torry and well Aberdeen bus station nowadays well absolutely no Victoria cobbled bridge - Queen Victoria the Monarch died in 1901 she opposed railway line to Balmoral on privacy grounds and the Victorians were a subject of fascination during Westhill Primary during 1993 Primary six class visited Skene Square primary dressed up in Victorian gear shirts, waistcoats and Grandad’s flat cap for this loon - Grandad of the same name as this loon his own grandfather John Cruickshank laid granite on the red square in Moscow, he had a special skill.

Teacher of Primary 6 six class Westhill Primary Mrs McLennan took photographs but had problems with development and no photos from the spool came out, photos taken at Skene Square primary.

Also from Skene square primary, class visited in the afternoon St Marc’s Cathedral next to Aberdeen Central Library with stained class windows, one of Aberdeen’s historic and defining landmarks real historic steeped in history at Rosemount Viaduct near under construction Union Terrace gardens.

Skene Square primary has no car park for teachers it would appear, a bus took this Primary 6 six class from Westhill to Skene Square for the day and multiple minibuses used for the special needs children at Countesswells Primary at Hazlewood on Fernielea road also Variety charity supports special needs children with a minibus at Orchard Brae special needs school and was present during the Summer holidays in July when most other schools actually shut or closed. Special needs children actually benefit from more one to one support also digital pre-recorded materials - video is very visual and often films and movies have subtle educational messages.

Orkney the island off the coast of John o' Groats has Scapa Flow and that is definitely not in Shetland, do not confuse Orkney with Shetland and Shetland is the breeding ground where oil rigs go to die, a series of islands also with an underground tunnel linking the islands. The scuttling of the German High Seas Fleet in Scapa Flow was a deliberate act of sabotage ordered by a commander who refused to let his ships become the spoils of war. It was the single greatest loss of warships in history and the nine German sailors killed that day were the last to die during World War One, the great war won by Liberal David Lloyd George the last Liberal Prime Minister - Liberals virtually sidelined by the Conservatives encouraging the rise of Labour starting with James Ramsay Macdonald from Lossiemouth near an RAF base. Labour often known as the party of the trade unions representing workers and those with disabilities often out of work often sidelined also - care is actually a big issue actually and everyone will need care one day.

Crimea is an Annex area of Ukraine long been linked to Russia and Ukraine conflict, near the sea port and close to Russia and Russia sought to build a land border with its own area of land Russia first off during early stages of recent conflict to assist movement of troops across land described as humanitarian corridors - intense battles fought in the region, this could be the Scottish Borders in future. The UK Government were interested in a new nuclear power plant and wanted it sited closer to England. English armies often more powerful than Scottish ones - 50 million to 5 million.

Feeding everyone is still quite important - main principle from the Live Aid concerts aimed at helping the African continent with Bob Geldof and Paul McCartney. Live 8 or eight successor to Live Aid where Paul McCartney performed Hey Jude at the end - Paul really started off the Live 8 eight concert and finished it and the Beatles is an iconic British band from the 1960s with classic hits Yellow Submarine and Yellow Brick Road. Yellow often synonymous with sunshine also happiness and even the SNP and the Liberal Democrats use yellow branding as their policitcal colours of choice.

Recycle and reuse old computers with Xubuntu a lightweight Linux operating system or computing platform

Breathe new life into an old computer and recycle it make it go further also prolong its use with Xubuntu - https://xubuntu.org/, a lightweight operating system built for efficiency and actually could really cut user frustration when used in connection with online or cloud services such as Google Docs to create documents and Google Drive to organise folders and files in an online space. Download an ISO file of Xubuntu, then install CD Burner XP easy free software where you can click to make ISO files launch automatically with CD Burner XP ready for burning to DVD to enable easy installation from a DVD drive also an external USB connected DVD drive usually the easiest installation method for an operating system for a novice. For more info, see https://cdburnerxp.se/en/home. DVDs of Linux platform get loaded from DVD on computer start-up - you may need to press F2 or Delete key or F12 or perhaps F8 as soon as your computer starts up to enter the BIOS basic input output system to change the boot order from hard disc to DVD for example also to USB flash drive for operating system set up files stored on a portable USB flash drive suited to convenience and also may assist easily installing Linux on multiple recycled older computers. Computer boot information held in Non Volatile RAM memory which stores or keeps data much like NAND the semiconductor flash memory used for storage in mobiles and tablets linked also to the NAND technology gate. Always important to look out for recurring themes in literature and this NAND gate has been recurring of late - really important actually to the future digital ecosystem.

NAND flash also a semiconductor linked to silicon microchips also since CPU processors like ARM processors used in mobiles and tablets from Cambridge firm reference memory locations - a processor a brain links to memory buffers and saves data as blocks and relies on electric circuits to store data.

When power is detached from NAND semiconductor flash memory, a metal-oxide semiconductor will provide an extra charge to the memory cell, keeping the data. The metal-oxide semiconductor typically used is a floating-gate transistor (FGT).

Decommissioning Dounrey Scotland's nuclear power plant in Caithness

Decommissioned nuclear power plants can take a long time to shutdown and actually Dounreay is still in the process of being shut down even after 20 years of decommissioning and there is conflict around Chernobyl in Ukraine even though the Chernobyl plant blew up or caught fire decades previously - Chernobyl was an area of Ukraine that Russia took a keen interest in early on in the Russian Ukraine conflict, a bitter conflict that is tearing apart the state of Ukraine - Russia insists Ukraine is a threat and the conflict is important to properly develop the state of Russia.

Staff at Chernobyl during the Ukraine conflict were not allowed to leave according to media reports and actually staff at a nuclear plant are specialists in reading instruments linked with nuclear activity. Decommissioning is removing fuel in a nuclear plant and preparing a nuclear power plant for reuse. Russia is actually a major player on the world stage - although public spats may be openly exposed between Britain and Russia, perhaps diplomatic relations are friendlier behind the scenes than most people realise.

Nuclear radiation perception linked to health issues also diverse phenomena - always difficult to determine cause and effect for health issues

A nuclear power plant did once melt down in Japan in recent years long winded Japanese title and the result is that the shutting down nature of the plant gives off perceived harmful radiation - important to use the word perceived because often in past written history many people often complained about health issues linked to radiation, people blame nuclear power for their health, but actually cause and effect in medicine from the perspective of medical doctors can really be hard to determine.

Patients do usually experience side effects from radiotherapy, but different patients experience different symptoms, hard to judge impacts without public feedback and public expressions. Radiation can also be linked with phenomena and strange phenomena and is also implicated in the Inverse Square function.

Important to recognise notable achievements by Benjamin Franklin and Michael Farrday who invented electricity - Thomas Edison invented the lightbulb, really learning achievement man since light bulbs synonymous with brain waves. Light bulbs in most homes are changing to LED or Light Emitting Diodes - they can require electricians actually to change but can be energy saving also long lasting or last longer than traditional candolescent lights. Before electric lights, candles with wicks may have been used in early 20th century Scotland along with stoves and coal fires. Candles and the naked flame more flammable actually - less fires happened when the fire brigade went on strike during 2002 with people being more careful. Fire brigade strikes led to British amry green gondulas extinguishing fires.

Maths, logarithms, Pythagorus and US President James Abraham Garfield

From maths and logarithms note that what people expect to happen may not really happen, but at the same time in user interfaces and web based interfaces consistency usually relates to expectations, make people feel safer also alter perception of safety.

What people hold to be true is linked to belief systems, paradigms and an individual’s view of the world (RGU Dr Tony Miller on belief systems) which may be shaped by rationale arguments, rhetoric linked to Abraham Garfield Pythagoras founder and Aristotle and evidence - most people view life through a lens, News and events can shape people’s points of views, events can have chain reactions and some events can have cataclysmic consequences, other events more minor.

Some actions can have dire consequences, some people do kill others and they should be brought to justice when crimes are of a graphic nature and there are real world physical harms obvious - some injuries may be obvious but there can be psychological harms and emotional suffering as well as hidden injuries affecting nerves, nerve signals and impulses also injuries in the facial regions linked to the senses and actually bombs going off can leave people with deafness and ringing in their ears high intensity sound with over 100 decibels. Sound also associated with vibrations - deaf people playing music like Evelyn Glennie from Ellon and Chancellor of Aberdeen's Robert Gordon University may respond to vibrations using their feet.

Decibels is the units of measurement for sound intensity and it is linked to multimedia since it is a broad term that includes sound, video, text, static images and animation like augmented reality first animated film was Toy Story but there is also Nick Park and Wallace and Gromit, there is also films like Shrek the ogre who fell in love with a Princess and Chicken Run - in the case of Shrek, the Princess became an ogre for swamp living. There is often hope for happy ever after for everyone but in Scotland sperm donation stops at 40 or age forty.

Determining who is really to blame can be difficult - a true victim of crime may go on to commit offending behaviour when an original crime has not been investigated thoroughly in the first place with evidence being sourced in a diligent manner through a painstaking, detailed process of investigation.

Iraq war and use of American airship to beam down messages

Iraq conflict America with British support used an airship to beam down radio messages to convince Iraqi people not to fight - Iraqi army did not put up much resistance and American convoy swiftly moved into Baghdad and Saddam Hussein was found hiding in the countryside.

Airships can travel for 60 hours in the air without refuelling in a sense and airships rely on helium. Helium used to weld aluminium and is used in rocket propulsion also known as liquid hydrogen. Hydrogen and nitrogen involve electrons around a nucleus which involve an atom’s chemical properties.

Uranium the fuel of nuclear power plants and James Bond iconic film series

Uranium and nuclear issues came to the fore in James Bond film The World is not Enough - the film which started off with a boat chase down the River Thomas in London and actually businesses in London gave their permission for dramatic action to take place and for buildings to be blown up as a programme or documentary revealed, also the film featured the newly built Millennium Dome. James Bond films always involve explosions also usually high speed car chases.

Referring to the James Bond film, the character M played by Dame Judi Dench when held captive towards the end of the film near the involvement of a submarine near Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea being filled with uranium filled missiles or torpedoes was tracked down by a locator card hooked up to a clock with the support of the Russian support agency the KGB - come in Scots or Scottish actor Robbie Coltrane who played an agent linked with the Russian KGB, a friendly Russian agent assisting James Bond portrayed by Pierce Brosnan. Pierce Brosnan won an award for Mamma Mia musical with Meryl Streep - Brosnan can sing and actually he sang SOS for the Mamma Mia film.

This movie came after Die Another Day, Pierce Brosnan’s final outing as James Bond involving an Icy Palace, main villain not sleeping had insomnia also and diamonds (usually diamonds come from African diamond minds referred often to precious stones worth money a comodity for trade purposes).

James Bond Dr No film from 1962 started film series with Dr No main villain and Scots actor Sean Connery who died in recent years

Pierce Brosnan the Irish fellow or actor fifth James Bond after Sean Connery Scots actor who started the longest running film series portrayed in 1962 with Dr No the villain on Ian Fleming’s MI6 character 007 shunned as James Bond with Daniel Craig taking over and actually Pierce Brosnan went on to perform in Mamma Mia doing better than Daniel Craig’s first outing as James Bond in Casino Royale which was aired in screen alongside Mamma Mia at the cinema.

Film premieres usually host first in London in the UK first of all and for art in the UK the prestigious art gallery is the Tait Modern. The University of Cambridge has the famous Bodlian library and there is the British Library which hosts Britain’s National Archives with wartime records including records of medals such as the British Empire Medal also the British Museum.

Locator cards can store passenger information on aircrafts also alerts linked to medical equipment at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary

The Locator card from The World Is Not Enough gave off a series of beeps like morse code and this linked to a board with lights enabling tracing using a map. Locator cards can store passenger information linked with aircrafts and air travel and can record health information to ensure passengers are helped in flight.

During November 2019 at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, when in the main infirmary in Aberdeen, this person writing would push his alert button to make staff come running when a patient in bed opposite had their machine playing up suspecting an elderly patient was at risk - the machine at times would beep to alert staff to an issue, but no staff came for an older patient.

This patient writing alerted staff who came to the ward and they said do not worry and turned off the beeping for another patient.

The staff on the ward said that the patient was fine have assessed their vital signs in person, well having observed the patient was still breathing really sleeping. Perhaps then heart rate monitors are not that reliable well they may beep for no apparent reason or for reasons not understood by health professionals - certainly the staff on the ward this person writing was on seem to acknowledge beeping from a machine was not an issue.

This person writing was worried for the older patient - at the main hospital site Aberdeen Royal Infirmary patients sleep during the night, lights are dimmed, staff do check on patients from time to time, but staff exist at a ward desk and it could have a skeletal staff with rotating teams - night shift versus day shift and staff changes may actually jeopardise patient safety when staff do not pass on information. More staff work on day shifts than night shifts, also less surgeons work over the weekends or that was the case during 2019 leading to operation cancellations and delays.

The blame game passing the buck quite common - Scottish government blamed NHS Grampian

Complaining to the Scottish government, the government blamed NHS Grampian and the health board did admit responsibility and apologised producing a report - this is actually what started or triggered this patients complaint about working practices at NHS Grampian.

Ping pong complaints process between NHS Grampian and the Scottish government with each side blaming each other.

Also patients at the main hospital site in Aberdeen all have an alert button and patients can push an alert button or a call button.

Staff do usually respond promptly and actually did frequently respond to call alerts when this patient writing wanted drinks, still staff not always responding to beeps is alarming also worrying also disconcerting.

Staff may not hear beeps on individual machines on wards stationed at a ward desk outside wards, staff ward desks are central and staff usually a skeletal night shift team oversee multiple wards - staff rely more often than not on patients to push a button sound a beep raise an alarm. This is how patient monitoring works at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary - really you do not really want to go to hospital if you can help it because nurse monitoring of patients in real time is not great from the perspective on remote monitoring of patient symptoms in real-time.

Staff at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary do actually care for patients very well, unlike staff and mental health nurses at the Royal Cornhill Hospital who actually refused to give this patient writing a jug of water to have beside his bed during August 2021.

Nuclear Price Coming Down and prices usually set at the level of gas but Russia has closed gas pipline to Europe

The price of nuclear might be coming down, but does anyone know how to really build a new nuclear power plant? Also Torry Battery in Aberdeen with a new energy centre focusing on nuclear would future proof energy supply for the area.

Sir Ian Wood and Opportunity North East are very much in favour of an energy centre around St Fittick's Park in Torry Aberdeen not necessarily covering the park as a way of securing jobs and the low carbon energy industry in Aberdeen.

Hydrogen can be powered from nuclear energy - Hydrogen fuel cell cars provides back-up to electric.

30th August 2022 investment in 5G young Indian entrepreneurs is happening - Mukesh Ambani: India tycoon launches $25bn 5G rollout plan.

Indian multi-billionaire Mukesh Ambani has announced a $25bn (£21.3bn) plan to launch 5G mobile internet services in the country within two months.

Mr Ambani, who heads the telecoms-to-retail group Reliance Industries, says the high-speed network will be introduced first in major cities, including New Delhi and Mumbai.

Firstly consider global warming, consider Scotland stable land mass - actually at Aberdeen sea har comes in off the North Sea and nuclear reactors involve intense heat and a coolant.

Cooling down nuclear reactors really critical to keep them safe. Aberdeen in the North-East of Scotland often a city of grey granite buildings surrounded in mist sometimes early mornings - cold and damp climate in winter, a temperate climate but temperatures are getting warmer. The Scottish government was planning an energy centre at Torry Battery near St Fittick's Park - consider Aberdeen at Torry is major harbour with many ships coming in and out with mini nuclear reactors on board - a nuclear reactor may actually be more important for transport and moving goods. We do need to keep the movement of goods throughout the world going - this is vital for safety for everyone actually for anyone that wants to live - living may involve quarrals always has involved conflict but to mitigate harms in the future we really need to keep trade moving, co-ordinated movement of goods and it does appear to still be happening at the present time throughout the world.

Important to keep it going into the future. Do you want to live a long life and also do you want your children and grandchildren to do the same? Considering issues about the Earth really central to help keep everyone safe actually and actually anoyone can die at any given time also death has always been random in any case. Bear in mind this person with Autism is still relatively young so could be around for many decades actually.

BBC News 9th September 2022 - PM will explore energy market reform to cut bills

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-62832029

Nuclear pricing coming down - the key most relevant snippets from BBC News

The government plans to move nuclear and renewable electricity generators to lower price contracts to cut bills, Prime Minister Liz Truss has said.

Renewable and nuclear generators will move on to contracts for difference, to end the situation where electricity prices are set by the marginal price of gas, Truss told Parliament.

The price paid to these companies is often set by the most costly generator.

That is currently hugely expensive gas.

Torry Battery world class harbour port in Aberdeen with ships equipped with satellite dishes, GPS, mini nuclear reactors, radar and sensors

7th September 2022 mammal in the waters around the harbour Torry Battery moving floating an amphibian and Amphibians are ectothermic (this is an organism that regulates its internal temperature by exchanging heat with its surrounding environment) so ectothermic not an electric eel think human touch electric shock, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia. Also description much the same as the last video really repeating can ensure the message gets across. Ship in enlarged port Aberdeen harbour - harbour enlarged 1871 when River Dee diverted so cater for more ships and be world class harbour for trade. Ship with satellite dish that's GPS for navigation - ships have mini nuclear reactors and sensor here for radar. Radar supports travel over frozen lands where there is snow and condensation enables the manufacture of liquids creating new liquids might prolong oil think that exploding fizzy drinks bottle, shake it up explosions sometimes - drilling for oil likely involves status indicators and sensors. Petrol and oil is important but really getting to grips with hydrogen plus electric cleaner for the planet still all things considered multiple vehicles in the mix ensures more people can travel more of the time enables movement of goods and freight with less interruptions. Always best to minimise environmental impacts but vital to always consider safety of everyone.

https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1146078996262921

Nuclear fusion is clean sustainable renewable energy - Scottish actor Robert Carlysle villain in James Bond The World Is Not Enough and Dr Tony Miller during 2004 the year this student passed with Distinction - this is instructions really for building a nuclear reactor

Kazakhstan does contain the most abundant supply of uranium and it was featured in The World Is Not Enough James Bond film - refer to the King Caspian pipeline. The villian was a woman - Electra King, who remembers? Electra my be symbolic of electrons, but actually she worked in partnership with character Renard, another Scottish actor Robert Carlysle.

Kazakhstan borders Russia so actually important to consider Russia used to be part of a broader block of nations known as the Soviet Union. Michael Palin travelled from the Soviet Union down through Africa going from North to South called the Travels of Michael Palin in 80 days broadcast on the BBC iPlayer. Michael Palin went through Uganda and Rwanda and Lizz Truss a candidate for Prime Minister is focusing on support for Rwanda, but actually the broader point is Michael Palin kept a diary and also he was with a film crew.

Boris Gardner, Boris Yeltsin and Boris Johnson - also Tony Blair and Vladimir Putin stood side by side when London transport network crippled

There is Boris Gardner a singer and Boris Yeltsin the last president of the Soviet Union and actually the last President before it broke up. Boris Johnson is stepping down as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - contention currently between Lizz Truss former Home Secretary and Rishi Sunak former Chancellor. Vladimir Putin succeeded Boris Yeltsin - important to remember Putin actually during July 2005 stood shoulder to shoulder with Tony Blair after terrorist bombings rocked the London transport network at Glenagles golf resort also in Scotland on 7th July 2005.

Boris Yeltsin from Wikipedia - Boris transformed Russia's command economy into a capitalist market economy by implementing economic shock therapy, market exchange rate of the ruble, nationwide privatization, and lifting of price controls. Economic volatility and inflation ensued.

Boris Yeltsin from Wikipedia - Amid the economic shift, a small number of oligarchs obtained a majority of the national property and wealth, while international monopolies came to dominate the market.

Boris Yeltsin from Wikipedia - A constitutional crisis emerged in 1993 after Yeltsin ordered the unconstitutional dissolution of the Russian parliament, leading parliament to impeach him. The crisis ended after troops loyal to Yeltsin stormed the parliament building and stopped an armed uprising; he then introduced a new constitution which significantly expanded the powers of the president.

Boris Yeltsin from Wikipedia - Secessionist sentiment in the Russian Caucasus led to the First Chechen War, War of Dagestan, and Second Chechen War between 1994 and 1999. Internationally, Yeltsin promoted renewed collaboration with Europe and signed arms control agreements with the United States. Amid growing internal pressure, he resigned by the end of 1999 and was succeeded by his chosen successor, Vladimir Putin, who was serving as prime minister.

Boris Yeltsin from Wikipedia - He kept a low profile after leaving office and was accorded a state funeral upon his death in 2007.

From Wikipedia - Boris Yeltsin was a controversial figure. Domestically, he was highly popular in the late 1980s and early 1990s, although his reputation was damaged by the economic and political crises of his presidency, and he left office widely unpopular with the Russian population.

He received praise and criticism for his role in dismantling the Soviet Union, transforming Russia into a representative democracy, and introducing new political, economic, and cultural freedoms to the country. Conversely, he was accused of economic mismanagement, overseeing a massive growth in inequality and corruption, and sometimes of undermining Russia's standing as a major world power.

Police communication error and need to keep on updating websites to keep an audience

The problem with websites is there is an onus to update content regularly to keep an audience - who is viewing this web page? There may be judges viewing, perhaps the Chief Constable of the Police who is chair of Acpo. If the police are viewing they should note today 4th August 2022, a letter was received from Police Scotland referring to the complaint to the National Crime Agency. Complaint really about PC Main and PC Fraser around Broomhill Primary 25 minutes to get to school - response from police vague sufficient to say there is a communication issue preventing successful resolution of the complaint. Trying to inform in an efficient and honest manner, typing out the full response by the police which was actually not very informative would be waste of time. Also significant to note the police letter said to phone a number but actually no reference number for the complaint was contained in the letter. Reference numbers intended to link string together information form connotations, but actually taking time to write meaningful feedback actually may provide closure in cases.

Incremental back-ups can back-up just content of a website efficiently low file size - spliting documents and photos into a single container file sharing via social media websites

Incremental back-ups of data really useful actually to preserving text content such as web pages - the web pages comprising this website total 190 around 10MB megabytes minus all the supporting documents - benefits of combining evidence into single container video files and sharing via media sharing websites is that the real substantial detail - the messages on this website can be backed-up most efficiently. Microsoft OneDrive also Google Drive do provide 15GB free storage space actually - actually free accounts can actually provide a means to back-up really essential data you do not want to lose. Free accounts can enable data duplication.

Free 15GB digital accounts suitable for a child with passwords shared amongst multiple loved ones

Actually a free account of 15GB could be suitable for a child where the password is shared by an Uncle or Aunty for example and parents containing positive imagery of loved ones associated with a child, photos from a child's early years and childhood including videos, also relationships such as family trees and links to Facebook Timelines of family members including people who may be understanding and supportive in the event of some unforeseen tragedy - actually multiple people knowing the passwords for an account linked to a child actually could help a child keep fond memories - tablet computers can be linked to online accounts also and when a tablet is lost it may be necessary to change the password without need to remotely wipe a tablet or smartphone. Photos of parents, grandparents even great grandparents is one thing, but identifying people is a different matter - sometimes sharing photos is necessary to identify people, wider family members may actually people able to identify someone from the past. This really makes the case for renaming filenames and renaming filenames linked to photos with names of linked corresponding people.

Google Maps zones in using IP address also GPS and compass

Google Maps hones in on your current location usually the place where you are or reside, your home - this is based actually on your computer's IP address from a laptop and desktop computer at home. On the move via mobile data, Google Maps refers to GPS coordinates and actually the compass plays a role here. Compasses typially have four sides - North, East, South and West - Never Eat Shreaded Wheat is the way to remember the compass rotation.

Keith Center of Westhill KC Joinery Services responsible capable electrician, joiner, plumber

Lethal voltage levels involved in building a nuclear reactor. Make sure you know your high voltage safety or have a qualified electrical advisor. Experienced electrician Keith Center of Westhill KC Joinery Services does not need to advertise services he is so popular or so he says. Skilled in joinery and plumbing, he renovated a kitchen during June 2016 taking pine off walls, laying laminate flooring and fitting out all new appliances and kitchen cupboards from Howdens kitchen also adding a new ceiling doing lighting as well making sure electrical outlets are well away from appliances in awkward locations actually - difficult to actually unplug an appliance now without another joiner.

Raster images and vector graphics also Google Image search

Google Image Search actually contains a vast number of diagrams perhaps useful for reference - if you find something useful right-click on an image and click Save Image, making sure not to click Save Link if you are running Mozilla Firefox. Diagrams are different from JPEG photographs - there are raster images also vector images.

Raster images are the types of images that are produced when scanning or photographing an object. Raster images are compiled using pixels, or tiny dots, containing unique color and tonal information that come together to create the image. Since raster images are pixel based, they are resolution dependent.

Vector graphics like PNG images or line art more suitable for diagrams with lines and textual content - a vector graphic is an artwork made up of points, lines, and curves that are based upon mathematical equations, rather than solid colored square pixels. This means no matter the size or how far zoomed in the image is, the lines, curves, and points remain smooth.

Who knows how to build a nuclear reactor? Nuclear reactors mix chemicals so chemistry is actually important - what are those pharmacists doing at Lloyds Pharmacy?

Trying to build a nuclear reactor like Leader Kim Jong-un of North Korea since 2011 - police will only have concerns when someone tries buying chemicals from B and Q also starting to mix chemicals also. Really mixing also combining or amalgamating or blending chemicals not for novices actually - risk of self detonation and suicide also risk of anti-psychotic medication since such drugs linked to risk taking, but actually trying to figure out how to build a nuclear reactor might prove useful when information is shared. Lots of online information actually - many resources undescovered actually but creating content and explaining really is the holly grail and talking about the holly grail that's the domain of archaeologist Indiana Jones and the Last Crudsade with Scottish actor Sean Connery.

Are any budding nuclear physicists reading this? The nuclear pysicist from The World Is Not Enough was Dr or doctor Christmas Jones.

Aberdeen Robert Gordon University retired School of Engineering lecturer Dr or doctor Tony Miller did a Phd to become a doctor and is a doctor of philsophy not a medical doctor. Very organised man, produced lecture plans and also wrote his own notes, spoon fed information.

Words from Dr Tony Miller on safety critical systems - information copied in part most relevant parts

Fault Avoidance techniques aim to prevent faults from entering the system during the design stage e.g. use of formal methods

Fault Removal methods refer to the process of finding faults within the system before it is handed over to the user i.e. system integration and test.

Fault Detection refers to the use of procedures and techniques to detect faults in the system during service and so minimise their effect and avoid major incidents.

Fault Tolerance is addressed at the design stage. Care and attention is given to possible component failures and the system designed to allow operation to continue in the face of isolated component malfunction.

Primary Safety: where the equipment itself is dangerous e.g. explosives, rotating machinery, power circuits, breathing apparatus.

Functional Safety: where failure of equipment will by consequence lead to an unsafe situation with the rest of the system e.g.- control circuits, alarm indicators, circuit breakers, instrument panels.

Indirect Safety: where failure may affect the design of safety related equipment or the safe operation of a management system e.g. documentation, CAD software, communications network, data bases, management/personality conflicts.

2. Active and Latent Failures

Active failures have an immediate effect on the system. They are unsafe acts, by equipment and humans, and unsafe conditions.

Latent failures lie unnoticed in an organisation until revealed by some event, which could be an active failure.

The importance of latent failures should be recognised to increase awareness of the role of managers and design engineers in enabling detection of these failures before they cause loss.

3. Skill, Rule and Knowledge-based Errors

Skill based errors involve ‘slips’ and ‘lapses’ in highly practised and routine tasks.

Rule based errors occur when a faulty judgement is made and wrong procedures followed, which are inappropriate for the situation.

Knowledge based errors arise when there is failure to create the right procedure due to lack of understanding.

4. Violations

Sometimes referred to as ‘risk taking’, violations is when the rules are purposefully broken. The person assumes the risks are worth taking for the benefits of the outcome.

Success in system design, operational management and the relevence of training programmes depends on an adequate diagnosis of the nature of the errors likely to be made.

Risk Analysis and ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practical - notes in part from Dr Tony Miller give credit where its due

Definitions:

Hazard: the possibility of an unwanted/harmful event

Accident: an unintended event or sequence of events that causes death, injury, environmental or material damage.

Risk: combination of the frequency or probability of a specified hazardous event, and its consequence.

i.e. risk = frequency x severity

Standards:

The measures of frequency and severity are often divided into classes to simplify the guidelines and standards. The best known standards are related to the avionics industry, the military ( Interim Defence Standard 00-56), and a recent International industrial standard known as IEC1508.

When risk is calculated using frequency and severity classes, the outcome is not a numerical value, but a risk class, a risk level or a risk factor. Use of risk classes simplifies the use of standards, and even when numerical data is available, the risk outcome will tend to be translated into a class. This is because the standards specify development and design techniques appropriate to each risk class.

The IEC 1508 standard differs in its naming of the classes from other standards, even though it has the same number of categories as the military 00-56 standard.

Acceptable Risk

The definitions of risk classes include those which have catastrophic consequences and which could occur frequently. Clearly these are unacceptable and something must be done. However there are other classes where a decision has to be made as to whether it is 'worth' assigning resources to reducing the risk. The question is 'what is an acceptable risk'.

The acceptability of a given risk class is determined by the benefits associated with that risk, and by the amount of effort that would be required to reduce it.

The criterion for accepting a risk is based on the decision as to whether it is:

'As Low As is Reasonably Practical' (ALARP).

A risk level satisfying this criterion is known as a Tolerable Risk, if the risk is intolerable, then the process of risk management or risk reduction must be initiated.

Safety Integrity Levels - notes from Dr Tony Miller

The task of producing a safety-critical system can be seen as a process of risk management or risk reduction i.e. of introducing safety (management) systems which are themselves highly dependable.

Levels of safety integrity are related to levels of importance associated with making the system safe, and as such are to do with the safety systems added to a process in order to make the risks ALARP. It can be viewed as the amount of risk reduction necessary. A safety system for a car is different from the safety system in a nuclear power station. The safety integrity levels serve to differentiate the amount of care and engineering required of the safety system itself.

‘Safety integrity is the likelihood of a safety-related system satisfactorily performing the required safety functions under all the stated conditions within a stated period of time’. (Taken from ‘Safety-Critical Computer Systems’, Neil Storey, page 70).

The international community is moving towards accepting a 4-level classification, with level 1 being the least critical and level 4 the most critical. This is the convention used in the standard IEC 1508.

The standard defines the maximum number of times a system built to a particular integrity level would be expected to fail in a given time interval.

With continuous processes, failure rates are quoted in failures per year (or per hour). With systems, which only operate when required, failures are given as failures on demand. In the IEC 1508 standard the target figures happen to be the same for both.

Software in Safety Related Systems - Lecture 8 from Safety, Risk and Reliability Management (Dr Tony Miller)

• Complexity

• Subtle differences between Verification and Validation

• Module and System Integration testing

• Static and dynamic testing

• Acceptance testing (Black-box, requirements-based)

• Test documents as important as system documents

• safety case (evidence of lifecycle control)

V-development lifecycle model - used in Lecture 8 by Dr Tony Miller called Lifecycle Models for Safety, Risk and Reliability Management

Summary of flow from original diagram - Primary flow of information goes through all stages and there is a secondary flow of information to certain other stages, processes can be iterative going back to design and test stage.

• Requirements Analysis

• Requirements Documents secondary flow of information to Service and Certification

• Specification secondary flow of information to Certification to System test

• Top level design

• Design specification secondary flow of information to System test and System integration

• Detailed design

• Module design secondary flow of information to System integration and module test

• Construction and coding

• Modules

• Module test

• Tested modules

• System integration

• Integrated system

• System test

• Verified system

• Certification

• Certified system

• Service

End of notes from Dr Tony Miller - An ENDIF statement always follows the ELSE clause, if present, or the THEN clause in computer program instructions or sequential also step by step instructions.

The THEN clause specifies the job steps that the system processes when the evaluation of the relational-expression for the IF statement is a true condition.

The system evaluates the relational-expression at execution time.

Safety, Risk and Reliability Management coursework issued by Dr Tony Miller during 2005 - this is instructions really for building a nuclear reactor

The product is a plastic moulding used in the construction of ventilation systems. The furnace is used to harden the plastic at a set temperature. The product enters the furnace on a conveyor belt driven by a continuosly operating motor, and passes through at a fixed rate. The time the material spends at the elevated temperature is just as important to the success of the operation as the temperature itself. To fire the furnace, pumps spray a mixture of oxygen and fuel into the chamber, at a rate controlled by the valves. Two lines are provided to give some redundancy in case of failure. Only one line needed for successful operation. The temperature must be kept between upper and lower levels for the chemical process to work properly, and this is governed by controlling the amount of fuel injected. The outside of the furnace is kept cool by a water jacket to prevent injury and structural failure.

If, due to some fault in the process, the temperature of the furnace becomes too high the material can catch fire, producing highly toxic gasses, with serious consequences to personnel and equipment.

Control systems - motorised valves control the air/flow supply pipes. A flow meter on each pipe senses the level of the flow. A computer system performs the function of master controller reading all sensors and transmitting signals to control the valves. On the furnace itself, there are temperature sensors inside and outside the furnace. Water is pumped through the cooling jacket at a fixed rate.

Computer system - the computer system is at the heart of the process, reading all sensors, activating valves and generating an alarm signal to warn personnel of any danger.

Dr Tony Miller Nuclear Reactor Diagram

Chemical reactors courtesy of Google Image Search unkown contributor

EGP is a Russian acronym but translated into English stand for Power Heterogenous Loop reactor. It is the world's smallest running commercial nuclear reactor, however smaller reactors are currently in development. The EGP-6 reactors are the only reactors to be built on perma-frost.

Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is also a routing protocol on Cisco routers for exchanging routing information between two neighbor gateway hosts (each with its own router) in a network of autonomous systems. EGP is commonly used between hosts on the Internet to exchange routing table information.

Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) is a Routing Protocol which is used to find network path information within an Autonomous System. Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is a Routing Protocol which is used to find network path information between different Autonomous Systems.

Power Heterogenous Loop reactor actually implies unequal voltages.

Voltage imbalances are caused by big single-phase loads, such as induction furnaces, traction systems, and other large inductive machines, drawing a current on the phase they are connected to that does not appear on the other two phases.

A loop reactor, cooling, circulation pump and valve are the core components that make up a nuclear reactor. Valves open and close actually in a nuclear reactor - valves are linked to pressure systems think bicycle tyres also. This is also linked to Physics and the laws of motion.

Two types of nuclear reactors include boiling-water reactor or a pressurized-water reactor.

TerraPower has chosen traveling wave reactors (TWRs) as its primary technology. The major benefit of such reactors is high fuel utilization in a manner that does not require nuclear reprocessing and could eventually eliminate the need to enrich uranium.

• Loop reactor

• Cooling

• Ethene and co-monomer

• Circulation pump and valves

• Polymer diluamt separation, drying and ethene removal and conversion to pellets

• A diluant is a liquid that dillutes the reactants and carries them round they do not disolve in it

Breaking down terms to simplify building a nuclear power plant

Every President says they want a nuclear power plant for energy, but then they build missiles to defend their territory when the world is actually shared with links between each nation. Building missiles and enriching uranium are defence issues, but actually the Polaris missile programme involved complex project management and the PERT chart evolved from this, a technique to manage projects. People defending actually may lead on to methods for moving forward, managing projects, enhancing ways of life and often help those with additional difficulties and issues, novel solutions may be found to help more people more of the time - the basic principle behind Universal Usability. Helping people to understand is education actually - Tony Blair really promised education, education and education at the 1997 general election and the result high public approval ratings and a landslide election. Did Tony Blair actually deliver on his promises?

Actually a lot of ships have nuclear reactors this is likely to support transport logistics also and ships may have Radar and Sonar for navigation (what's over the horizon anyway? Difficult to see over the horizon and what's beyond, take your son or daughter to the beach front and they may wonder what's over that horizon), but then there was the second world war with German U boats or submarines that engaged in combat with the British fleet - lots of ships got sunk in the war.

In the days of Sir Francis Drake and circumnavigation of the globe in the Golden Hind docked at Brixham harbour sailors thought or believed the Earth was flat - actually from space we can see it is a sphere or round spherical also and gravity is where everything falls to Earth - components in space may float with zero gravity like being underwater. Sailors also got seasick and that still happens since seas can be rough and the stomach churns.

So engaging in conflict may be a necessary evil, but choosing to stay at home and use computers actually may keep people out of mischief but actually choosing to stay at home actually could setback a vulnerable person and also cause them major issues when there parents are no longer around. This person writing actually opted to stay at home, but actually doctors sometimes intervene when someone is happy and cause issues and complications, oppress someone more vulnaeble and take advantage - this is an imbalance of power and there are chemical imbalances in a nuclear reactor.

Mental health nurses and doctors keen to silence vulnerable patients - drug them, put them to sleep - writings, messages and video can really show abuse as can digital records and record keeping by responsible people, social workers may not actually be as responsible as most people are led to believe if they have not kept adequate records and shared information.

With market forces, money and salaries there is accountability and quality of life also - money tends to buy more happiness when really computers enrich quality of life as does music.

When everyone has the same attitude and is kind, record keeping is less likely but still photos and videos can bring back fond memories.

How many people understand how to build a nuclear reactor? How many people understand the terms used?

Breaking down the components - Coolants (global warming poses challenges here for every nation), valves, loops likely from software development and computer systems, valves, control rods, need also for ethical values and good intentions, also pumps, steam generator (water gets convereted into steam to produce energy also electricity - issues with waste surrounding fission nuclear energy, but fusion clean energy also sustainable. James Watt invented the steam engine - Scottish inventor and also Chernobyl meltdown happened to do with issues around control rods.

Water reactors have coolant and moderator

UK nuclear reactors use gas think fracking drillin underground on land triggering earthquakes, North Sea drilling, export from Russia diversifying supply, graphite and and carbon dioxide as primary coolant.

Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers can be present in places - to put out fires this is actually safety apparatus and foam fire extinguishes put out fires linked to computer equipment. Carbon dioxide known as CO2. HO2 is water actually.

Carbon dioxide released from trees actually in the natural world and such fire entinguishers are present on the wards of the Royal Cornhill Hospital and one nurse said it is not her job to fight fires, so safety must be built-in to a nuclear plants with LEDs for alerts also alarms and sounds also people need to pay attention, stay awake also sober - LED for Light Emitting Diodes the flashing lights - light, sound usually linked to action think police cars and ambulances.

Important to teach children safety, break down complex topics.

Trial and error with hands-on learning known as kinaesthetic can help people learn but in safety critical systems such as a nuclear power plant, errors can prove fatal.

Also there are chain reactions when chemicals are involved also sparks from the eleltronics world and short circuits - electricians sometimes referred to as sparkies.

Short circuit film taught importance of scaling up production for mass produced goods to lower prices for trading and to leverage economic competitiveness

Did you watch that film Short Circuit where the robot came alive after being struck by lightning gaining a personality and a thrist for knowledge also education speed reading books? There was Short Circuit 2 two where Johnny Five the alive robot started making mini robots also clones duplicates - this is useful for labour saving devices also for scaling up production for mass produced goods to lower prices for trading and to leverage economic competitiveness. More and more women want careers, freeing themselves of domestic servent like roles but then Maggie Smith came back to remind young women through Downtown Abbey about the importance of care, ethics, doing the right thing and values. Values not the same thing as valves.

You do not always need uranium for a power plant based on nuclear, so can minimise actually transport whether or not you agree Russia is a positive or negative influence.

Vladimir Putin is a strong leader, commands much respect amongst the Russian people but Russian media can be tightly controlled like the BBC, the UK's most trusted broadcaster.

Let's focus on the logistics - moving poducts in containers and shipping, uranium is a fuel source and most abundant source borders Russia. Minimising travel actually is about efficient use of time and resources - these are fundamental cost metrics, but then there is wages or salaries and paying everyone a fair rate is important, but eating in moderation can make better use of food supplies.

Routers through RIP routing protocol use the Hop count metric to determine how many routers a message passage through - the Windows 10 tracert command and ping from Command Prompt can be useful to find faults in computer networks and computers maybe linked in a network inside a nuclear power plant.

Components of a nuclear reactor shown clearly - bullet points the nested ul and li tags thanks Englishman Sir Tim Berners Lee really show clearly components of something, the fundamental elements

• Coolants (global warming poses challenges here for every nation) - a fluid used to cool a system or to transfer heat from one part of it to another. A liquid, such as an emulsion of water used to lubricate and cool. Global warming, rising temperatures may lead to evaporation of water. Nuclear power plants depend also on transport logistics also tankers.

• valves linked to pressure found also on car tyres and bike tyres, really the valve is the fundamental element in the laws of motion or in the Physics world, think also air pressure. Air pressure linked to deep sea diving and hyperbaric chambers also linked to breathing under water via oxygen apparatus.

• loops likely from software development and computer systems, looping also think control and regulation within a computer based system

• valves

• control rods linked to Chernobyl meltdown when it exploded originally captured the world's attention

• need also for ethical values and good intentions

• also pumps

• steam generator (water gets convereted into steam to produce energy also electricity

A valve in mechanical engineering is a device that regulates the flow of fluids, solids, also liquids by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways.

Blockages think surgeons and heart valves, arteries and plaque build up also heart attacks and heart transplants think about your chlorestral, indulgence also more likely overindulgence in the obesity age and filling your shopping trolley to the brim, need to do more exercise and embrace more active modes of travel. First heart transplant took place in Africa. Christiaan Barnard with his team, performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant operation on 3 December 1967. Christiaan Barnard performed the first human heart transplant on a human being at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa.

In electronic engineering the valve refers to an electronic device that regulates the flow of current integrated with other devices.

Do not shoot the messenger and more police being armed with Tazers

Always famous expression needs repeating do not shoot the messenger and police in Scotland turning to Tazers the electronic weapons more and more reducing shrapnel bullets ricketshaying through the air different from a rickshaw (a small mode of transport on wheels) - actually the messenger may have gone through big issues to get the information out in an online format.

Rickshaws like Rickety sometimes the hallmark of old fashioned trains actually with wheels could make useful clean zero emission transport actually for younger people to take their parents or for carers to take a group of older people from a care home out and about in a more casual manner through an urban environment - a trip to the nearest village perhaps along a quiet shared cycle pedestrian path to a cafe for example to appreciate life more instead of just watching TV, chatting confined to one place behind four interior walls not a great life for an older person to be confined to a Scottish care home.

Actually information is best when it is timely to proper decision making but with video there is need to go home, order, sequence using large screen displays copy also duplication to back-up video files also before upload and sharing - need also for fast wireless networks such as WiFi also fibre optic light-guided networks.

Smartphones do ordering automatically but then there is a need to look at small thumbnails or small images and need to magnify change views interface also interact with the Windows Explorer ribbon or hold down Control and move the scroll wheel on a mouse.

Also need to playback video, also listen and take notes because people shooting video may not remember the finer detail since events and conversations move on - conversations can flow, keeping track of everything that goes on is challenging but records can lead to advancements also hold others to account who may have taken advantage in the first place and abuse really stems from this.

BBC News Online made up of teams of people - the information world is different from visual video with more verification in pictures and real time representation of scenes from the physical natural world.

Changes in the natural world are always ongoing and young people will want to take advantage of video sharing for also news so education is important.

Learning lessons from Chernobyl disaster and looking into nuclear energy types - nuclear is a sustainable energy source - Scotland also generally a stable country also Nicola Sturgeon mother-like figure suffered a miscarriage and represents cares for everyone, certainly her Government took time to issue many responses

SNP Scottish National Party planning a conference in Aberdeen.

Important to build a new nuclear power plant to safeguard and secure sustainable electricity generation and supply in the decades ahead. The Scottish Government have earmarked the area around St Fittick's Park for an energy centre, but there is disturbed land or Earth where a football stadium was going to be built at Kingsford. Multiple sites open up choices and options for consideration and debate.

Capitalist house builder Stewart Milne and former football chairman really fought hard for a football stadium at Kingsford - the result was the land was been disturbed, significant land has been disturbed, construction works started but then stopped abruptly with no forward looking vision in the future for future development - the site looks ugly and Aberdeen City Council plan on a new football stadium at the beach. New pharmacy in the plans for opposite Macdonalds Drive-thru at Westhill where sheep graze. Developments happen in towns and cities all the time.

On June 27, 1954, the world's first nuclear power station to generate electricity for a power grid, the Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant, was built commenced operations in Obninsk, in the Soviet Union also known then as the USSR with 15 member states nowadays - the USSR broke up and Boris Yeltsin was the last President.

Building a nuclear power plant requires specialist staff with the right skills mainly engineers also knowledge transfer is an important part of the process - also important to share current workflows which may be ongoing - also BBC News Online use of multiple related news stories connected to a single story at the end of articles is actually implemented by Content Management Systems and usually PHP is involved to embed separate PHP pages into ordinary web pages using a PHP include. Related and linked stories actually enable more efficient analysis with the view to synthesising (bringing ideas from different separate stories together with the view to referencing works to corroborate assertions). There are likely current staff at Dunreay nuclear facility that know how to manage a nuclear plant - they may be able to advise on how to build a new nuclear power station.

Please do not look to this website as an authority on how to build a new nuclear power plant or facility. The author of this website accepts no responibilites for any loss of life in connection with the building of a new nuclear power plant. Information provided is to be interpreted with caution and carefully considered judiciously - actually this seems to be a disclaimer but actually any loss of life is disconcerting and alarming. Safety in the building and maintenance of a nuclear power plant is important also paramount.

The International Atomic Energy Agency or IAEA - https://www.iaea.org/services/networks

Elements in the periodic table have numbers linked to atoms - the periodic table can contain many elements with zinc, gold known as au, also hydrogen is atomic number one with an atomic mass of 1008. Atomic number 2 two is Helium with an Atomic Mass of 4.0026. Atomic number 3 three is Lithium with an atomic mass of 6.94 - Lithium the stuff of mobile batteries and laptop batteries.

The fourth atomic number known as 4 is Beryllium with an atomic mass of 9.0122. Helium powers rocket ships and lithium the main mobile batteries also the batterie of EV electric cars which store a positive charge in DC or Direct Current. DC charging refers to batteries - Alternating Current enters homes in Scotland, so AC to DC conversion goes on from a power outlet to a battery such as the battery for an electric bike. Electric vehicle charging also electric bikes and understanding the mechanisms will be important in future to keep people moving around on the ground, vital for movement of goods, food stuffs and for carers to help also more vulnerable persons.

At numbers 27, 28 and 29 in the periodic table there is Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni) and Copper (Cu) - these are all rare Earth minerals. Traditional telephony cables in homes are made from copper - fibre optic light-guided cables seek to replace the rare Earth minerals this emphasis speed upgrades and investments in high speed networks. Number 88 in the atomic table is Radium (Ra).

Most uses of radium have been replaced by other radioactive materials or radiation generating devices. However, radium is still being used today in certain applications, such as industrial radiography.

How nuclear power gets distributed - The same commercial power grid carries electricity from nuclear and fossil-fuel plants as well as renewable sources. A series of power distribution lines carries the electricity from the sources to the end users, including homes, commercial customers, government and industry.

The Chernobyl reactors, called RBMKs, were high-powered reactors that used graphite to help maintain the chain reaction and cooled the reactor cores with water. When the accident occurred the Soviet Union was using 17 RBMKs and Lithuania was using two. The Soviet Union was on the go when Chernobyl was built and that was a rainbow of nations.

The Soviet Union comprised - In the decades after it was established, the Russian-dominated Soviet Union grew into one of the world's most powerful and influential states and eventually encompassed 15 republics - Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Latvia. Latvia is in the North actually and borders the Baltic sea also the Nord stream 2 gas pipeline which links Russia and Germany - on 1 January 2014 Latvia converted to the Euro but the unit of currency in Latvia was the Lat.

The break up of the Soviet Union also known as the United Socialist Soviet Republic does actually place more emphasis on co-operation, but obviously there is a very violent war raging between Russia and Ukraine. Ukraine was a former member of the Soviet Union also known as the USSR.

In the English-speaking world, the Soviet Union was also informally called Russia and its citizens Russians, although that was technically incorrect since Russia was only one of the republics of the USSR.

Nuclear power station types mainly used around the world

• Pressurised water reactor - USA, France EDF energy 70 percent of country nuclear energy, Japan, Russia, China, South Korea - water moderator

• Boiling water reactor - USA, Japan, Sweden - water

• Pressurised heavy water reactor - Canada, India 7 seven nuclear powrer stations - heavy water

• Advanced gas-cooled reactor - United Kingdom using graphite, graphite issues with control rods during Chernobyl disaster important to learn from mistakes when building a new nuclear power plant

Lessons from Ukraine conflict is that Ukraine has more than one nuclear plant beyond the one from the 1980s disaster known as Chernobyl - 6th August 2022 Zaporizhzhia: Real risk of nuclear disaster in Ukraine - watchdog
7th March 2022 Ukraine war: Chernobyl workers' 12-day ordeal under Russian guard this story highlights how workers at the nuclear facility Chernobyl actually were needed essential specialist staff - https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-60638949
From Wikipedia - Main cause of Chernobyl accident or meltdown - important to learn lessons from disasters
From Wikipedia - The accident occurred during a safety test meant to measure the ability of the steam turbine to power the emergency feedwater pumps of an RBMK-type nuclear reactor in the event of a simultaneous loss of external power and major coolant leak.
Also from Wikipedia - disecting the main issues surrounding Chernobyl explosion
Also from Wikipedia - In an attempt to restore the power level specified by the test program, the operators removed a number of control rods which exceeded limits set by the operating procedures. Upon test completion, the operators triggered a reactor shutdown.
Also from Wikipedia - Due to a design flaw, this action resulted in localized increases in reactivity within the reactor (i.e., positive scram).
Also from Wikipedia nuclear plants involve sophisticated computing systems with feedback loops - This resulted in rupture of fuel channels, leading to a rapid decrease in pressure which caused the coolant to flash to steam. This decreased neutron absorption, leading to an increase in reactor activity, which further increased coolant temperatures (a positive feedback loop). This process resulted in steam explosions and melting of the reactor core.
Chernobyl disaster experienced issues with the design of control rods - There was a significant flaw in the design of the control rods. The reactor core was 7 metres (23 ft) high. The upper half of the rod 7 metres (23 ft) was boron carbide, which absorbs neutrons and thereby slows the reaction.
Chernobyl disaster control rods - The bottom section of each control rod was a 4.5 meter graphite displacer, which prevented the channels from filling with water when rods were withdrawn. The flaw lay in the 1.25 metres (4.1 ft) gap between the bottom of the graphite displacer and the bottom of the reactor, meaning that the lowest portion of control rod channel was filled with water and not graphite.
Chernobyl disaster control rods - With this design, when the rods were inserted from the fully retracted position to stop the reaction on the AZ-5 signal, the graphite displaced neutron-absorbing water, causing fewer neutrons to be absorbed and increasing reactivity.
Chernobyl disaster control rods - For the first 11 to 14 seconds of rod deployment until the boron was in position, reactor power across the floor of the reactor could increase, rather than decreas. This feature of control rod operation was counter-intuitive and not known to the reactor operators. 

Understanding oxygen and solubility - soluble linked to solute and also solutions think solube liquid mixed with other chemicals to form a solution - Difference between gas and liquids also atmospheric pressure and avalanches compacted snow also Bone conduction hear sounds through the skull when ear canal blocked also infrasonic sounds is how some mammals or animals talk to each other and such sounds are below human hearing

The clues with advancing technology is actually in language and definitions - defining terms important to foster understanding, break complex topics down and foster progress, chart a clear trajectory and move or propel more people forward in their thinking. Progress comes from breaking down and simplicity.

Oxygen usually comes in tanks on the back of divers underwater and human divers breathe through a mouth piece - police have divers to fetch bodies fallen into rivers or bodies that have got swept away. Also divers may use breathing apparatus and oxygen underwater to examine coral reefs also examine or look more closely at plankton.

Plankton is microscopic plants and perform photosynthesis to convert the sun's rays into energy to support them, and they take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. Plankton can be found in saltwater and freshwater. One way to tell if a body of water has a large plankton population is to look at its clarity. Very clear water usually has less plankton than water that is more green or brown in color.

Oxygen tanks tend to not be used with scuba diving gear which is self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) - that involves a mask and a tube which comes into contact with the surface of the water. Scuba divers tend to not dive deep into the depths of the water.

Oxygen tanks used for those human divers that go diving at deep depths and cavers those who dive into caves have to use string to find their way back out. Cave diving is dangerous and divers can easily get disorientated. It can be dark and murky in caves - need for head lamps, torches and also need to follow a string to get back out of the cave. Mexico actually has the world's largest cave network.

Five factors that affect solubility

Solubility depends on temperature and pressure - think diving underwater human divers may experience pressure problems and may require to go into a hyperbaric chamber.

The air pressure inside is raised to a level that is higher than normal air pressure. The increased air pressure in the chamber helps the lungs collect more oxygen. Lungs are for breathing and humans cannot breathe underwater without an oxygen tank.

Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid, or gas chemical substance - substances are also called solvents. Think solvents think solving and forming solutions - mixing together different chemicals may produce different results also different solutions, chemical reactions can occur from mixing chemicals. Dissolving something in a solid, liquid or gas links also to solubility or a solution. Think iodine is typically a substance from science which may be placed in a test tube. Topical iodine is used to prevent and treat infections that may occur in minor scrapes and cuts.

Iodine changes colour in water. This trick works because iodine is brown when dissolved in water and purple when dissolved in oil. Pure iodine is violet, but when it's dissolved in water, it accepts an electron from the oxygen atom, affecting how it absorbs light.

Iodine linked to also electrons.

• Temperature and solubility increases with temperature - chemicals, mixing chemicals to form solutions happens and liquids can change with varying temperature From Ice to Fire is the Incredible Science of Temperature from the BBC - https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b09rzq05. Think hot laiths mould metal, also ice melts with warmer temperatures. Furnaces involve intense heat - components can melt so they need to withstand intense heat. Heat resistant is a term often associated with pans and cooking in the kitchen - pans usually stainless steel or metal.

• Polarity - solutes dissolve in solvents that have a similar polarity. Polarity linked to batteries think the plus and the negative - the negative side usually flat and the positive has raised bumps on a typical standard battery like AA or even C. Polarity and solvents linked also to battery acid and the acid of a battery is the solvent or solute. Battery acid is fluid and batteries can leak fluid think a car battery. Electric vehicles all have betteries - every car has a battery but in electric vehicles a charge is stored in Direct Current and the charge is linked to motion of the vehicle. Batteries must be high capacity and able to store a charge for a long period to enable transport over a significant distance such as to move freight, goods or food stuffs between cities.

• Polar molecules - Sugars (for example glucose) and salts are polar molecules, and they dissolve in water, because the positive and negative parts of the two types of molecules can distribute themselves comfortably among one another.

• Pressure - Solid versus liquid, in the real world consider glass which can broken into shards versus plastic which is made of paper fibres that get spun. Liquids go into plastic and glass bottles but solids may go in plastic or cardboard boxes recall also tupperware plastic also recall cardboard cereal boxes. Recall cardboard boxes are 3-dimentional and are linked to shape and folding. Sealed containers create pressure - holes enable air to escape also enable water to drain. Shape and folding links to spatial awareness, maths and also it links to intellectual abilities and IQ Intelligent Quotient. Individuals will have a higher IQ if they can understand spatial awareness and understand different perspectives linked to folding and shape.

• Molecular size - Molecules are like modules really and are made up of one or more atoms. If they contain more than one atom, the atoms can be the same (an oxygen molecule has two oxygen atoms) or different (a water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom). Describing a molecule is really a way of thinking or grouping related atom concepts together.

• Stirring increases the speed of dissolving - think crush a tablet and stir it in a liquid to give medicine to children also think stirring soup to mix in vegetables with crutons.

• Vapour pressure is dependent on temperature - for vapourisation to take effect, changing or altering temperature is how vapour changes.

Difference between gas and liquids also atmospheric pressure and avalanches compacted snow

Liquids have less force of attraction between molecules than solids and more than gases. Liquids more powerful than gases recall water flow and water out the tap also pressure also recall a waterfall can be forceful. Gas can be invisible but you may smell it - gas can also be odurless when there are nowt issues. A solid object can block an object - planet Earth has oceans and rivers but we cannot move mountains.

Mountains and mountain peaks can really extend far up above ground high up into the atmosphere recall atmospheric pressure also air might be thinner higher up and less oxygen is available higher up the mountain. Mountains where there is snowfall may have avalanches. An avalanche is a powerful rush of densely packed snow down the mountainside - think high pressure coming down the mountain all at once.

Barometers measure atmospheric pressure or the barometer is the instrument that measures pressure outside in the atmosphere - 970 millibars equates to Very stormy, 1000 or one thousand millibars equates to Rain, 1040 millibars equates to Fair in terms of weather and 1060 millibars equates to Very Dry this is very warm weather.

According to Henry's law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to pressure of gas.

Henry's Law equates to the solution of gas being placed in a liquid. Gases disolve in liquids they disappear when combined with liquid. Water pipes are different from gas pipelines - gas is invisible but instruments can detect gas give gas readings to check and ensure they are within a given range for safety's sake.

Gas in a liquid is still equal to the pressure of gas in a gas pipeline. This is Henry's Law really or the law known as Henry's Law from the world of physics.

A gas explosion occurs when there is a gas leak in the presence of a spark or flame.

Raolt's law linked to vapor pressure also more predictable and consistent energy transfer which allows for more precision and better control and regulation

Think solvent also think solvent abuse also think vaping the new smoking where electronic cigarettes produce vapour.

Raoult's law linked to solvent molecules. A Solvent is like a substance someone may abuse. The pure solvant maybe nicotine in the case of electronic cigarettes uses the same amount of energy for the solveant molecules to move away from the surface so energy transfer is symmetrical in a sense.

Energy transfer is homeogenous in other words or the force of energy is consistent. With more consistent energy transfer, energy transfer is more predictable which allows for more precision and better control and regulation.

Bone conduction hear sounds through the skull when ear canal blocked also infrasonic sounds is how some mammals or animals talk to each other and such sounds are below human hearing

Bone conduction is the conduction of sound to mainly the inner ear through the bones of the skull enabling the listener or hearer to listen or perceive audio or sound content without blocking the ear canal.

24th August 2022 BBC News Technology Clip-on tech turns spectacles into smart audio glasses mentions bone conduction and infrasonic sounds - https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/technology-62506346

Rhinos, hippos, elephants, whales, octopuses, pigeons, squid, cuttlefish, cod, Guinea fowl communicate via infrasonic sounds.

Infrasonic sounds are below 20 Hertz also below the threshold of hearing for the human ear or below the threshold of hearing for human perception. Higher pitch sounds can likely be heard by younger people - when people get older the high pitch frequencies can be less easily interpreted but deeper bass sounds like vibrations may be heard by more people.

Deaf people may feel vibrations and those with poor sight may use echo location where sounds bounce off objects and the vibrations enable those with low visian to feel their surroundings and navigate or get around.

Sweden example for nuclear waste storage - store below 8 metres of water

BBC News 30th August 2022 - UK looks to Sweden for a solution to nuclear waste - https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-62677534

It is an oddly beautiful and rather disturbing sight. Row upon row of long metal containers, filled with used nuclear fuel from the country's reactors, lie below the surface near Oskarshamn, on Sweden's Baltic coast.

Lethal, because this material is intensely radioactive; safe, because it sits beneath 8m of water, a very effective barrier against radiation.

Waste can be kept like this for decades. In fact, it needs to be.

Intense radioactivity generates a great deal of heat, and this kind of material has to be cooled for long periods before it can be removed for storage.

STEM education from personal experience - Physics, boomerangs, Michelin tyres and the laws of motion

Friday 6th August 2022 scheduled bike repair from Mike Bike Fix Grampian from Bucksburn Repair, great mobile bike repair specialist visits homes can make bike repairs on the spot from a van available by booking over the phone but for servicing he may take a bike away. Servicing bikes often needed just like how cars need servicing. Mobile bike repairs can be useful but actually standard mountain bikes can be cost effective to buy new outright and second hand bikes can be put up for sale donated also to Rotary groups sometimes for Africa - Halfords repair donated bikes for Africa.

Physics actually part of Engineering and is linked to the laws of motion - throw a boomerang in the garden and it comes back to you. The Boomerang is an Australian concept actually and Boris Johnson did promote the Australian points-style immigration policy during the general election of December 2019.

Forgetting can be a common problem. Forgot to mention to Mum yesterday after visiting downtown Aberdeen and the old under road tunnel from Windmill Brae to Netherkirkgate the left bike brake snaped - the right brake is not that effective actually and bike repair cannot be done on the spot at shops such as the Edinburgh Bicycle Co-operative on George Street due to requirement for specialist parts also buses may not allow bikes to board (foldable bikes might be allowed on buses) but doctors do say exercise is good for everyone, daily exercise is to be encouraged so really walking and cycling during periods of snow in Aberdeenshire may still be necessary without longer winter holidays during periods of harsh weather and use of e-learning for education and digital course materials. Winter weather in Aberdeenshire is usually harsh - last winter 2021-2022 several strong winds and power lines down also snow frequently comes in the North-East of Scotland - those in Aberdeen actually may less likley experience really deep snow and have less struggles than those in Aberdeenshire.

Those who embrace active travel more often will likely live longer, healthier and productive lives - those that suffer with health complaints can actually be jealous. Active modes of travel take longer, be more time-consuming and there is a big underground car park at the big substantial granite AB1 building of the Procurator Fiscal in Aberdeen near Golden Square and Golden Square has EV electric car charges or at least one also bike racks for secure storage on the street, so presumably those who prosecute people are more than likely to use vehicles powered by electric, hydrogen fuel cell technology that emit water vapour and petroleum.

Big issue actually 100 one hundred people may attend Aberdeen Sheriff Court on a single day all given 10am or ten in the morning just after cowboy time - traditionally ten to ten - not separate appointments for flexible travel by bike. Slots and appointments actually for court cases helps people to get there and turn up on time - appointment windows is like the windowing concept in computer networks.

Slots and appointments for court actually translate to use of video for people attending court via video link over the shared medium the Internet - also use of Leyer 2 two Tunnelling Protocol can encrypt connections using a Virtual Private Network. Video link actually has potential for more flexible use of time with also renegotiation - Internet communications use TCP Transmission Control Protocol and a 3-way handshake with an ACK to say thanks Acknowledgement packet for a message received also a SYN bit for synchroisation and syncing connections or establishing a connection.

The SSL renegotiation flaw can affect different types of systems. It is essentially caused by a vulnerability in the client-initiated renegotiation of SSL/TLS for existing server connections. Some of the symptoms of renegotiation issues include: It fails in the case of a virtual server processing SSL connections.

SSL/TLS client-initiated renegotiation is a feature that allows the client to renegotiate new encryption parameters for an SSL/TLS connection within a single TCP connection. During the SSL/TLS handshake the server incurs a higher computational cost.

Starting a new handshake negotiation inside of an existing secure session is called renegotiation.

A sliding window is also known as windowing. A sliding window is a method for controlling sending data packets between two network devices where dependable and sequential delivery of data packets is needed, such as using the Data Link Layer (OSI model) or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Data packets usually sent unordered but windowing brings flow control in essence to a computer network.

Buffering linked to the concept of windowing can cause a problem if the sending device transmits data much faster than the receiving device is able to manage it. Windowing in a windowing environment, data is sent in groups of segments that require only one acknowledgment. Groups of messages help to bring more order to chaos over the Internet and in data communications.

Vendettas actually can actually come from people being frustrated by the use of computers and the letters for a court case came from unknown Fiscal deputes no name often mentioned so no accountability (all MSPs usually are known to constituents), yet all names of defendants go on the court role page which is publicly accessible linked to the Scottish Court Service whether innocent or guilty - people maybe more jealous of those who have seemed to have mastered technology but actually the Scottish government did admit that the landscape is dynamic and keeps changing. Mastering technology may come with hurdles and frustrations also other issues as well and changes constantly challenge everyone.

Openness is always better - admitting to crimes being open about your life, open yourself up to scrutiny. Drivers actually can beep their horns in annoyance but actually they are more protected that pedestrians and cyclists - video smart specs and smartphones via video can really capture driver annoyance from behind the wheel, capturing also number plates for review and playback later.

Having restraint when driving is important and actually drivers frequently flash their headlights suggesting it is safe to turn into a side road while traffic continues to travel quite quickly. Graeme Bowen of L and A Driver training advised on flashing headlights for vehicles (UK safest driver from Press and Journal 2004, newspaper archives keeping records is important and provides a tract into history through British Newspaper Archive).

When this person was learning to drive Graeme Bowen advised that flashing lights can be misleading because drivers coming out a side road may interpret a cue it is safe to come out - actually flashing headlights maybe given as a signal between two vechiles travelling in opposite directions. Vehicle headlights frequently flash coming down Westhill Drive in Westhill, Aberdeenshire and vehicles show little evidence of slowing - always taking longer and waiting to turn right and at junctions is safer. Driving examiners actually may add points for too much hesitation - there is a need to really take care when behind the wheel.

Sometimes when drivers flash headlights they do actually slow down - there is another issue with judging speed and children can have more difficulty with this. They may learn the Green Cross Code (think Tufty), drivers need to know the Highway code. Always remember the Tortoise and the Hare race from primary education - the Tertoise and going slower beat the Hare in the end, sometimes going slower may prolong life in a sense be safer at the end of the day.

Issues with headlights certainly justifies speed limit reductions to 20Mph in towns and cities from 2025 - a Scottish government policy decision that has been made originating from the Green Party and Patrick Harvie.

Slowed traffic in an urban environment will make it easier for drivers to give way, pull into the side of the road for emergency services vehicles to enable swift response to life threatening incidents.

The technology industry is highly competitive with competing systems, different platforms, nuances, conflicts, conflicting file formats and the need for file conversion, memory leakages and interrupt requests - interruptions maybe logged in Windows Notepad TXT files (universally supported) and be visible in Event Viewer as events in Windows 10 version ten, also error logs often get produced in both Windows 10 and also computer networks - the Internet Control Message Protocol sends error diagnostic information between routers on the backbone on the Internet.

Advantage in life comes from wealth often and people progressing their careers - legal professionals often wealthy whether prosecuting or defending.

Judges intelligent usually consider bipartisan in cases and absolutely no warrant has been issued to date - this is 3rd third August 2022 and the last scheduled court appearance was the previous Friday 29th July 2022 with previous cases scheduled on 8th July 2022 also 17th June 2022 (supposedly missed but police delivered the notification via letter after this date) and there was an alleged date in May sometime, a delay of five days since last scheduled court appearance and absolutely no warrant issued.

Judges often command respect so surely it would be unreasonable for a warrant to be granted now - multiple judges consider without prejudice and this stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Scotland Act 1995 linked to High court cases and online web-based materials scale up multiple beneficiaries, also objectors amplifying disastisfacation, for information viewing in the online world cutting also repeating, wasted time making online information really useful for purposes linked to education to use staff resources efficiently like in primary and secondary schools. Online web-based materials enables greater scrutiny of all actions actually - also people being willing to admit to what they have done, seen and events witnessed can lead to advancements across multiple industries. Who is viewing this web page anyway?

Failing bicycling brakes necessitate bike maintenance and Michelin tyres enable faster travel - this is not Poetry in Motion, it is linked to sustainable travel

Brakes on bikes actually are not really essential around the Aberdeen area due to need for constant peddling often when people take care peddle slower - also routine rythmic cycling constant peddling in the same gear is much better for the health of cyclists.

When bikes go slower actually stopping is effective easily using feet also grass verges - always being able to get off a bike for downhill stretches makes bikes suitable for longer distance travel.

Physics and motion also linked to Michelin tyres - wheels do speed up travelling and thicker tyres are often more durable with punctures less likely.

Mountain bikes may also be preferred for easier maintenance overall than bikes with thinner tyres such as Hybrid bikes and also road bikes typically racers which maybe more likely used in the Tour de France.

Carrera hybrid bike was gifted to Rotary Westhill for Africa because it kept getting punctures, bought around May 2013 actually since Dad said the mountain bike from childhood was rusted. Actually bike bought from Halfords at the start of 2019, a cheap mountain bike bought for 130 pounds rusted really in no time surprising the next door neighbour former sports journalist who Mum got to tighten brakes.

New mountain bike purchases Specialized best in world make purchased from Edinburgh Bicycle Shop during September 2019. The issue with this bike is the brakes keep snaping actually requiring new brake cables and typically they are a specialised part that require ordering.

Bus drivers need to stick to timetables and schedules - also passengers need to wait around, waste time which can be valuable and cycling opens up possibilities for scenic video capture and shared video can inform others, educate and teach more people open up learning

Really Dad suffering from spinal stenosis issues with the back and legs (nerve signals in the back control the legs) often leaned on a bike to aid walking and also rested stopping to sit down in bus shelters. Buses can actually be infrequent and also bus times are linked to schedules, waiting around and to be a bus driver actually is a stressful job because drivers have to keep to timetables.

STEM Science Technology Engineering and Maths is rising in importance and the basis for maths comes from US President Abraham Garfield who founded Pythagorus. Around the time of Abriham Garfield, there was Chester Arthur the 21st President of the United States of America. Information discovered on Abraham Garfield after looking into the first ladies linked to former US Presidents on Wikipedia - actually the most interesting first lady is Hillary Clinton and she got into trouble for using a private mail server when working as the US equivalent of Foreign secretary which is Secretary of State.

Hillary Clinton wife of former US Prisident Bill Clinton faught the 2008 election run-up bitterly with Barack Obama and opposed Donald Trump at the US election during 2016. From Bill Clinton's time as President, there was really three people - Bill, Hillary and Monica. John Major had a wife and also Edwina Currie. Leading ladies were really important during the mid-1990s. Tony Blair first serving Prime Minister to father a baby in Office - son Leo was born to Cherie Booth QC. Leo was conceived in Tuscany, the area of Italy with Piza also Florence, Livorno and old historic walled town Lucca, this story from the local media the Press and Journal was publsihed during 1999 - newspaper archives always worth paying attention to. Aberdeen's RGU actually been running TechFest for 25 years almost since it was founded in 1992 - it has a big computing, engineering and midwifery departments respecting life also new life.

Physics actually part of Engineering and is linked to the laws of motion - throw a boomerang in the garden and it comes back to you. The Boomerang is an Australian concept actually and Boris Johnson did promote the Australian points-style immigration policy during the general election of December 2019.

Bus drivers need to stick to timetables and schedules - also passengers need to wait around, waste time which can be valuable and cycling opens up possibilities for scenic video capture and shared video can inform others, educate and teach more people open up learning. Video represents convergence of audio sound and video and broadens learning alternatives to the deaf hard of hearing and visually impaired communities. Multiple technologies involved in convergence over the Internet for TCP/IP data communications - convegence term from Cisco System originally, the maker of Cisco router equipment, which powers the backbone of the Internet. Cisco very visionary leader in technology circles trained virtually all network engineers and administrators including most industry leaders also employees also engineers of telecoms giant British Telecommunications.

Facebook shared videos from Rubislaw area including Springfield Road around Rubislaw Park Care Home

3rd August 2022 Near the Hazlehead roundabout long grass little rainfall, grass grows more during Summer requires cutting this is environmental services. Grass cutters nearby actually with hoes basic instrument doing weeding also one grass trimmer at Hazlehead Park entrance off the roundabout. Changing climate patterns may mean warmer days. Scotland's climate is temperate but typically those who walk and cycle need more fluid also they may sweat more - cycling more rigorous activity. Big issue around secure bike storage being inadequate at convenience stores but there are railings at the shop by Hazlhead Primary also at the Sainsbury's Local near the railway station.

3rd August 2022 green environmental services happening at the Hazlehead roundabout in Aberdeen near Kingsgate road and by Hazlehead Park road hoe and trimmer the tools being used also van blocks pavement likely to answer mobile phone on the opposite side of the road. Worth mentioning because actually Aberdeenshire Council workmen previously said for health and safety reasons workmen must be near tools to perform outdoor jobs when cutting back hedgerows for example. Van driver just parked up randomly during an active already current video shooting session highlighting how environmental services are happening at the present time, recording an important event given that more environmental operations maybe needed after the following winter. Digital records and visual records can hold Governments to account in future and Councils assisting ability to look back in time - reflect and review. The person that shoots and shares the video may not be the same person who references video - other people may reference a shared video to highlight something and shared video shows what someone else has witnessed. Some great natural phenomena can be seen think the green lights the Northern Lights or Aurora Burealis.

3rd August 2022 a beastie on a colourful plant in Aberdeen Rubislaw area - this video the stuff of Sir David Attenburgh who produced a video about tropical paradise birds and parrots on the BBC, actually witnessing bees pollinating plants and beasties is not that common, but when it happens video does preserve the fleeting moment.

3rd August 2022 Johnston Gardens ducklings swim - brown feathered duck splashes and plays with tail feathers and some ducks swim really close to the camera. Children say feed ducks cut seedless grapes, cooked rice, bird seed, peas, corn and oats not bread to fatten them. In Aberdeen, it is the children that are the leading environmentalists well so says the colourful child-like sign at Johnston Gardens. The children say feeding ducks bread will send the ducks to the doctor - actually is VETs for animals but no such VET will want to see a duck. Actually this is scarcasm from the children.

3rd August 2022 Springfield Avenue and most significant issue with this video is the elderly pensioner actually on Springfield road putting out his brown big garden rubbish also food shared bin. Older people can struggle to put out their waste bins important to recognise it, younger neighbours should helps and also the petrol station opposite is the one that closed and it had a shop and petrol pumps was a grocery store for homes nearby also just further along the Treetops hotel closed. This is an upmarket area of Aberdeen being neglected of services.

3rd August 2022 Video starts off actually at Rose Park Care Home Rubislaw behind wall but seem to miss the care home turned the wrong way missed the entrance when in full flow moving along shooting video - care home near Springfield Road off Rubislaw Park Crescent but Springfield Road explored well to do affluent area of Aberdeen with large houses. Just from assessing the care home from the outside actually when a visitor was leaving (separate video), the care home residents are well cared for, there is a courtyard in the middle not visible from the road wher residents mill about chat having cups of tea and drinks - elderly residents so exercises are nothing strenuous. Really care home residents missing out on the action at nearby Johnston Gardens.

Woodend Craigiebuckler Berryden Northfield this is the Service 11A from Springfield road around Rosepark Care home bus route about 14 times a day Monday to Friday starting from 622am and almost every hour around the same time. The service 15A from Airyhall to Union Square shopping centre does not run on Saturday and Sunday. Off work on the weekend, no shopping in the City Centre for you at weekends by shared public transport. Hop aboard the service 11A instead and go to Berryden retail park at the weekends for either boxed heavy items from Argos or pickup a laptop computer from electrical retailer Currys alternatively do a shop at Sainsbury's the supermarket at Berryden now the Springfield Road petrol station and shop closed. Young people on bikes shown and with bikes no need to wait around - perhaps an electric bike might be a wise choice, bikes often more practical than scooters.

3rd August 2022 This is a private dwelling shrouded in trees - it is not the neighbouring care home - on the ground you could use online maps but actually they may not be the clearest when not using a magnified display and also there is no direction arrow typically showing which way you are facing big issue, a problem shared is a problem halved a weight off. Woodend Craigiebuckler Berryden Northfield this is the Service 11A from Springfield road around Rosepark Care home bus route about 14 times a day Monday to Friday starting from 622am and almost every hour around the same time. The service 15A from Airyhall to Union Square shopping centre does not run on Saturday and Sunday. Off work on the weekend, no shopping in the City Centre for you at weekends by shared public transport. Hop aboard the service 11A instead and go to Berryden retail park at the weekends for either boxed heavy items from Argos or pickup a laptop computer from electrical retailer Currys alternatively do a shop at Sainsbury's the supermarket at Berryden now the Springfield Road petrol station and shop closed. Young people on bikes shown and with bikes no need to wait around - perhaps an electric bike might be a wise choice, bikes often more practical than scooters.

3rd August 2022 Care home near Springfield Road off Rubislaw Park Crescent but Springfield Road around well to do affluent area of Aberdeen with large houses. Just from assessing the care home from the outside actually when a visitor was leaving, the care home residents are well cared for, there is a courtyard in the middle not visible from the road or care home car park where residents mill about chat having cups of tea and drinks - elderly residents so exercises are nothing strenuous. Really care home residents missing out on the action at nearby Johnston Gardens.

Pumps in a Nuclear Reactor - Digital recording enables ability to look back, review, learn and move forward - over the air technologies involve encoding of signals to binary two state system for data transmission but individuals may not keep records actually also Seawater powered cars unveiled RGU TechFest End of May 2022

Heat can often be associated with radiation also overheating like in bed wrapped in a duvet cover and worries and anxieties can make people frustrated, get hotter still. Hotter think hot head, angry violent clashes with police. Need to cool down - water is often needed and it is evaporating from the Loch of Skene actually someone drained the Loch of water during July 2022 and actually now to reach the loch those that go near need to walk over a large patch of grass to get in their canoe. Scots often go to the Loch of Skene at weekends when not working - those healthy, young nimble soles with a sense of adventure and do not mind brazing freezing cold waters.

This is relating envionmental problems and issues to the people living in the North-East of Scotland. Less rainfall during Summer and water vapour rises after rainfall goes into the clouds and falls again in the great Circle of Life often linked to Primary school science. Personal video capture evidence saw water droplets coming out the back of petroleum vehicles going along the A944 dual carriageway from Westhill to the City of Aberdeen - they were hard to spot, this might reinforce NASA's view that Carbon is a fundamental element in this shared world but still drilling for oil increases the risk of earthquakes, freak weather and natural disasters also landslides, risks to life also including perhaps early death so really more sustainable modes of transport are ones which minimise environmental harms.

Rain often needed to grow crops, fertile crops on lush green pastures and arable farmland. Africa is often quite hot, humid but actually there are green pastures or field on the African continent think gazelle grazing. Still water may not be available in every location and some regions of the world get more, become saturated think flooding and floods also overflowing drains and blockages think SEPA Scottish Environment Protection Agency.

Who owns the copyright for this statement - it seems to be simple easy to understand and is the first statement on Google search result for search term nuclear pumps - Reactor coolant pumps (RCPs) are used to pump primary coolant around the primary circuit. The purpose of the reactor coolant pump is to provide forced primary coolant flow to remove and transfer the amount of heat generated in the reactor core.

China has banned Google from operating in the country but China has competing search engine Baidu which is searchable to everyone but those in Western countries may not understand Chinese. Lack of understanding maybe what drives opposition but actually focusing on the underlying technology does Baidu work in the same smart way as Google American search giant and corporate web giant.

Only through greater openess and sharing can real progress made and TCP/IP actually is the universal language of data think binary zero and ones. The big issues people of the world do not talk in ones and zeros - they use many languages and also there is regional dialects even for the same language. The Scots language is Gaelic but it has few speakers really except in the islands the Western islands and remote areas of the Highlands of Scotland. Native speakers often found in remote areas but satellites can connect remote areas given native peoples a greater voice but also used wisely native people could provide insights, interpretation and tranlations useful to support travel and tourism.

The world is global but localised travel and Electric vehicles or EV vehicles may keep people local without innovation, co-operation and sharing also a more peaceful, civilised society where people help each other. Care really fundamental actually to bringing the best in the most disadvantaged as is access to technology think predictive behaviours with respect to technology to promote or stimulate flows in thoughts, but important to record or digitise thoughts put it into tangible form to allow others to see workflows. Recording information flows actually can help someone make sense of events - this really is the benefit of digital technology. Recording is vital for the march of technological progress.

Digital recording enables ability to look back, review, learn and move forward - over the air technologies involve encoding of signals to binary two state system for data transmission but individuals may not keep records actually

Digital recording enables looking back also review also helps with remembering - shared video enables scrutiny and for others to watch be onlookers. Most people likely move forward and on in their daily lives, but in respect of learning, digital recording is fundamental.

Really all those lecturers in lecture halls and also teachers in schools may speak aloud but their words of wisdom known as over the air verbatum gets lost into time and space into a continuum or a vortex.

Over the air technologies get recorded into zeros and ones at the binary level well in a sense. This is actually called encoding of signals onto binary on a medium for transmission think Manchester encoding.

Record keeping enables an individual to keep track of their own learning progress, move on and forward make progress with less frustration. This actually is linked to greater fairness, also to justice which is also linked to a safer world where everyone feels included, plays their part and plays fair. Digital learning records best enable an individual to track their own learning - young children may not be capable of recording their learning journey, so really onus is on responsible parents, teachers and guardians to look out for minors. Teachers do have a serious responsibility to track the learning progress of children.

• Primary Reactor Coolant Pump - A substance circulated through a nuclear reactor to remove or transfer heat. The most commonly used coolant in the United States is water. Other coolants include heavy water, air, carbon dioxide, helium, liquid sodium, and a sodium-potassium alloy

• High-pressure injection pump - High-pressure GDI fuel pumps are advanced mechanical fuel pumps. A high-pressure GDI fuel pump is responsible for creating a high enough pressure so the fuel fully atomizes. The engine needs this to perform correctly

• Filling pump

• Residual heat removal pump - The residual heat removal (RHR) system is typically a multiple use system with modes of operation for low-pressure injection, shutdown cooling, suppression pool or containment sump cooling, and/or containment spray. Some plants have dedicated systems to accomplish one or more of these modes.

• Containment spray pump - The containment spray system is an engineered safety features system that maintains containment building integrity, helps to maintain containment sump pH neutrality, and cools the containment building recirculation sump water. Containment integrity is assured by a reduction in building pressure

• Nuclear reactor component cooling water pump - This pump has the intermediate characteristics of two lines, the primary reactor coolant and the seawater pump, and even if the primary reactor coolant leaks, it prevents radioactive water from being discharged outside.

• Seawater pump - Sea water pumps are used to transfer or circulate seawater for various applications on board a marine vessel. The wide range of uses of a seawater service pump includes anything from ballast transfer to bilge pumping and firefighting to high-pressure deck washing

RGU TechFest end of May 2022 were getting those that attended to manufacture minitiature toy cars powered from salt water. This is what the energy giants BP and Shell are doing and actually the RGU TechFest been happening for 25 years and such events are an opportunity to see what is going on at University level which is often linked to industry or the business world in the case of Aberdeen's Robert Gordon University.

Salt water powered cars are part of the future - Hydrogen fuel cell technology emit water vapour. Salt water powered cars, Hydrogen vehicles and also electric vehicles really the future of motoring in the mix and EV vehicles complex to charge - a range of technologies for transport actually needed for everyone to move around on the ground both now and the future. For those who work within reasonable distance of where they live and within reasonable distance of local amenities such as shops actually cycling is an option part of the mix of multi mode transport.

Bikes as well as Rickshaws and in India Rickshaws may be used to carry passengers by pedal power and India is heading for 1.4 billion people - Scotland just have 5 five million but Aberdeen is a petrol head oil capital of Europe drives most UK cities it is the engine room often noisy with traffic congestion, really those who cycle risk their lives and go against the grain.

Rickshaws actually novel use could support carers to give groups of older people an enjoyable time outside - carers pedalling giving older people the ride of their life, a chance to appreciate the great outdoors see what is going on - may be challenging in Aberdeen for care home residents due to disparate path network and often narrow paths which may not be suitable for Rickshaws also pedalling for passengers is harder work, but this would keep carers fitter. Look on Amazon for Rickshaws and actually there are absolutely no rickshaws on the market to meet this dream aspiration aimed at a UK market - a gap in the market perhaps.

Safety, Risk and Reliability - top marks for exam about maintaining the highest level of safety for an industrial plant like a nuclear reactor contributed to award of with Distinction at Aberdeen's RGU Robert Gordon University

The EE4413 module exam for Safety, Risk and Reliability Management at the Department of Engineering at the Robert Gordon University actually was run with a cohort of students from the following courses - notice Environmental Sciences was a course involved along with lots of electronics and engineering courses, so these are the sorts of people who will have skills to build a nuclear reactor.

The lectures on this module were Dr Tony Miller and Dr G W D M Gunawardene also known as Muni. Muni actually was off sick for a few lectures and spoke about reliability which is very much complex maths like Calculus - could not understand any of that actually and did not seek to understand it either, however this person seems to have scanned also digitised and retained the information booklet on Reliability which was part of the module. This person scanned all his notes but really lecture material is really intellectual property considered copyright, but really being creative, analysing and putting events that happen into perspective is really important to foster ongoing progress. The booklet on Reliability is 65 pages in length - it may not be a great deal of use and the scanned document has not been convereted to text with Optical Character Recognition - easier more efficient actually to convert to PNG images with Windows Snipping Tool.

Computer program version numbers and stepwise refinement

This student at the time focused on Safety and Risk gaining top marks for the module or grade 6 six. At school, standard grade Maths was what this pupil achieved, did eventually gain grade A at intermediate one Maths in fifth year equivalent of standard grade general grade three 3. Maths may however be useful for computer programmers - maths and logic go hand in hand, maths logic useful for writing sequential, procedural computer programming also with stepwise refinement this is where steps are broken down like 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 - computer program versions and versioning work like this. This person is actually not any good at computer programming but always had a good grasp of the English language. Google Chrome Version number at present is 103.0.5060.134 (Official Build) (64-bit) - recall Internet Explorer 6 six was dominant for a long time as a web browser.

Is Dr Tony Miller still alive? He has a LinkedIn profile and also he has a wife since they both visited Aberdeen Art Gallery one lunch time. Aberdeen Art Gallery was next door to the Schoolhill main building Campus and administration building. Standing outside the Schoolhill building once, seagull poo or poop landed on this person's jacket this was around the time of this module. Aberdeen notorious for seagulls and actually unbeknown to this person student at the time lots of seagulls were above on the roof gathered in a Parliament - the rook birds group in Parliaments.

Dr Tony also known as Anthony Miller if still alive may recall he asked for a 10-page report and this person submitted 25 pages overwheming him in small print also impressing him too to a certain extent, but actually top marks came from the exam. Actually the coursework that was submitted has not been retained deleted actually. Windows XP actually was reinstalled many times, hard drive wiped.

The Exam questions have been retained, secure PDF document with password of exam which lists those courses that took comprised the module.

One question asked You are designing a computer system that is required to monitor and control certain hazardous operations within an industrial plant. The computer system has been identified as requiring to operate at the highest safety integrity level. Discuss the relative importance and effectiveness of the four techniques listed below in the design of the computer system. Define the terms used - Fault avoidance, fault removal, fault detection and fault tolerance.

So the exam focused on maintaining the highest level of safety for an industrial plant like a nuclear reactor.

It is a real shame that RGU did not provide exam papers to students or gave them back after an exam. As a student, this person did wish this happened and actually expressed this to Dr Tony Miller in coursework for the Quality In Manufacture module also linked to theories involved in management, which actually was assessed soley as coursework and this then student gained top marks for that module.

Another question asked - You are the new manager of Regent and Waterloo quays at Aberdeen harbour. You are in charge of 30 stevedores and two cranes, both mobile, which load and unload ships. You are concerned about the safety of the workforce. Describe what you would do to create a safer workplace. How would you show an improvement in safety?

Mum to this person with Autism to Waterloo Quay during 2007 after Jobcentre Plus Disability Employment Advisor Alison Burnett gave the Autism service run by the National Autistic Society money to help this person do some sort of training or help into work, but this service actually did not help even after a meeting insisting people need to ask for help. This person with Autism did email the service, but they refused to help insisting the money allocated by the Jobcentre is there to help a lot of people.

Courses involved in Safety, Risk and Reliability Management

• BEng (Hons) Degree in Electronic and Electrical Engineering

• BEng (Hons) Degree in Electronic and Communications Engineering

• BEng (Hons) Degree in Electronic and Computer Engineering

• BEng (Hons) Degree in Electronics and Electrical Systems

• BEng (Hons) Mechanical Systems

• BSc (Honours) Degree in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

• BSc (Honours) Computer Network Management and Design

• BSc (Honours) Engineering Design

• BSc (Honours) Environmental Sciences

Types of failure - this is from Muni actually and this person as a student actually learnt the failure modes and used it to answer a question in the exam on Reliability gaining top marks for module overall and grade 6 six for the exam

• Misuse failure - this is due to overloading or otherwise overstressing a component or system beyond its capability.

• Inherent weakness failure - this is due to inherent weakness of the component or system and occurring while the item is being currently being used

• Sudden failure - These are the failures, which could not have been anticipated

• Gradual failure - these are the failures, which could have been anticipated

• Partial failure - this is one in which the item may still function, but not to the limits of performance originally designed

• Complete failure - this results in total loss of the required function

• Catastrophic failure - this failure is both sudden and complete

• Degradation failure - this failure is both gradual and partial

• Chance failure - these features occur suddenly and at random during the useful life of an item

• Wearout failure

Main core topics in Reliability engineering worth studying

• Failure rate - Failure rate can be defined as the anticipated number of times that an item fails in a specified period of time. It is a calculated value that provides a measure of reliability for a product.

• Mean Time Between Failure - Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) measures the average time that equipment is operating between breakdowns or stoppages. Measured in hours, MTBF helps businesses understand the availability of their equipment (and if they have a problem with reliability).

• Mean Time to Fail and Mean Time To Repair - Mean time to repair measures how long to get a system back up and running. This makes for an unfair comparison, as what is measured is very different. Let's take cars as an example.

• Bathtab Distirbution - The bathtub curve consists of three periods including an infant mortality period with a decreasing failure rate followed by a normal life period (also known as useful life) with a low, relatively constant failure rate and concluding with a wear-out period that exhibits an increasing failure rate. The normal working life of most people is their useful life, but people can slow down but digital technology can empower employees to do more with less and work for longer also work from home and connect over a computer network.

• Reliability - the quality of being trustworthy or of performing consistently well.

• Maintainability - Maintainability is the measure of the ability of an item to be retained in or restored to a specified condition when maintenance is performed by personnel having specified skill levels using prescribed procedures and resources at each prescribed level of maintenance and repair.

• Availability - The probability that an item will operate satisfactorily at a given point in time when used under stated conditions in an ideal support environment.

• Relationship Between Reliability, Failure Rate and MTBF Mean Time Before Failures - If the MTBF is known, one can calculate the failure rate as the inverse of the MTBF. The formula for failure rate is: failure rate= 1/MTBF = R/T where R is the number of failures and T is total time. This tells us that the probability that any one particular device will survive to its calculated MTBF is only 36.8 percent.

• Probability Concepts and rules - independent events and mutually exlusive events

• Complementary events - Two events are said to be complementary when one event occurs if and only if the other does not. The probabilities of two complimentary events add up to 1. For example, rolling a 5 or greater and rolling a 4 or less on a die are complementary events, because a roll is 5 or greater if and only if it is not 4 or less.

• Simultaneous occurrence of events - A simultaneous occurrence is defined as the representation of the situation in which more of one event has the same date or its dates are extremely close that these can be interpreted as simultaneous.

• Series of Non-redundant systems - Hardware redundancy, such as dual modular redundancy and triple modular redundancy. Information redundancy, such as error detection and correction methods.

• Redundancy in IT systems

• Reliability of a series system - In a series connection, the amount of current flowing through the two appliances is the same, whereas, in the case of a parallel connection the voltage across each appliance is the same. Also, a parallel circuit consumes more power than a series circuit while also being more robust.

• Unreliability of a series system

• Parallel systems - Speaking reliability-wise, parallel, means any of the elements in parallel structure permit the system to function. This does not mean they are physically parallel (in all cases), as capacitors in parallel provide a specific behavior in the circuit and if one capacitor fails that system might fail.

• Reliabiliy of system with constant failure rate recall Tomorrow Never Dies James Bond countdown to missile launch t equals a number with a countdown, countdowns are usually used in the launch of space shuttles - The Reliability distribution function R(t) represents the reliability of a system for a given time t. In other words, it gives the probability that the system will survive till time t provided it was in working condition at time t = 0.

• Series systems - In a series configuration, a failure of any component results in the failure of the entire system. In most cases, when considering complete systems at their basic subsystem level, it is found that these are arranged reliability-wise in a series configuration.

• Average reliability and unreliability

• Partial redundant systems - If one component fails, the entire system fails. You can calculate the reliability of the entire system by multiplying the reliability of each of the components together.

• Binomial distribution concepts - Binomial distribution summarizes the number of trials, or observations when each trial has the same probability of attaining one particular value. The binomial distribution determines the probability of observing a specified number of successful outcomes in a specified number of trials.

• Standby redundancy - Under standby redundancy, the redundant components do not share any of the load, and they start operating only when active components fail. In standby redundancy, the components are divided into two types, Active and Standby. The standby components have two failure distributions.

• Active and passive redundancy - Active redundancy also allows for element failure, repair, and substitution with minimal disruption of system performance. Passive redundancy is the application of redundant elements only when an active element fails (e.g., using a spare tire on a vehicle in the event of a flat tire).

• Perfect switching in reliability different from packet switching but the trend in telecommunications is from circuit switching to packet switching with due regards with move from 4G to 5G

• Imperfect switching - Switch reliability may be a factor of storage time, probability of actually working when called on to work, or number of switching cycles. Each switch technology may be slightly different. For this equation, you need the reliability or probability of success given the primary unit has failed. Although we are assume the switch reliability is independent of the primary unit reliability and subsequent failure. For more info https://accendoreliability.com/standby-redundancy-equal-failure-rates-imperfect-switching/

• Cut sets - Minimal cut sets can be used to understand the structural vulnerability of a system. The longer a minimal cut set is, the less vulnerable the system (or top event in fault trees) is to that combination of events. Also, numerous cut sets indicate higher vulnerability.

• Minimum cut sets - The minimal cut set is at the very least the set of the basic events that leads to the top event. For example, {X1, X2}, shown in Figure7-40(b), is the at least collection of the basic events shown in Figure7-40(a)—namely, the minimal cut set.

• Complex Systems Reliability - The reliability of the system is simply the probability of the union of all mutually exclusive events that yield a system success. Similarly, the unreliability is the probability of the union of all mutually exclusive events that yield a system failure.

• Modelling complex systems - Complex systems modelling is defined by the application of diverse mathematical, statistical and computational techniques, to generate insight into how some of the most complicated physical and natural systems in the world function. Examples of complex systems include ant-hills, ants themselves, human economies, climate, nervous systems, cells and living things, including human beings, as well as modern energy or telecommunication infrastructures.

  • 6 six characteristics of complex systems and how they relate to modern software development

  • 1 Large number of inter-related elements.

  • 2 Non-linear.

  • 3 Dynamic.

  • 4 Evolutionary characteristics (co-evolution, adaptiveness)

  • 5 Uncertainty.

  • 6 Unordered nature.

• Conditional Probability Approach - Conditional probability is defined as the likelihood of an event or outcome occurring, based on the occurrence of a previous event or outcome. Conditional probability is calculated by multiplying the probability of the preceding event by the updated probability of the succeeding, or conditional, event.

• Failure Modes Effect Analysis - Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic, proactive method for evaluating a process to identify where and how it might fail and to assess the relative impact of different failures, in order to identify the parts of the process that are most in need of change.

• Quantitative Analysis - There are four main types of Quantitative research: Descriptive, Correlational, Causal-Comparative/Quasi-Experimental, and Experimental Research. One important example of quantitative analysis in financial reporting is when analyzing balance sheets. These are reports that include information like gross profit, net profit, the cost of goods sold (COGS), working capital and more.

• Causal-comparative/quasi-experimental research attempts to establish cause-effect relationships among the variables. These types of design are very similar to true experiments, but with some key differences.

• A correlational research design investigates relationships between two variables (or more) without the researcher controlling or manipulating any of them. It's a non-experimental type of quantitative research.

• Descriptive research is a quantitative research method that attempts to collect quantifiable information for statistical analysis

• Experimental research, also called experimentation, is research conducted using a scientific approach using two or more variables. The first variable is a constant that you can manipulate to see the differences caused in the second variable. Most studies under quantitative research methods are experimental in nature.

From Dr Tony Miller The Framework for Risk Management - give credit where its due

Key Concepts (Risk and Uncertainty)​ - The terms risk and uncertainty present important conceptual and analytical problems. It is essential to clarify their use. There are different types of risk that can be examined. They include business risk, investment risk, economic risk, social risk, political risk and so forth. The term risk can be used in a variety of contexts to mean different things. As a result, a variety of definitions and approaches to risk exist. In general, the term risk is used to denote exposure to adversity or loss. In investment, it is used to describe the probability that a targeted return may not be realised.​

​

In analytical terms, risk is employed to indicate the extent to which the ‘actual outcome’ of an action or decision may differ from the ‘expected outcome’. If the consequences of an action or decision are known with absolute certainty then the action is risk-free. Risk lends itself to the calculus of probabilities. It is a quantitative expression. Risk can be defined as the probability that the actual outcome of a decision or action may differ from the expected outcome. It assumes that all outcomes together with the probabilities of their occurrence are known. ‘Uncertainty’ is sometimes used interchangeably and confusingly with ‘risk’. It denotes situations in which outcomes together with their probabilities of occurrence are not known. It is, therefore, synonymous with lack of knowledge or information.​

The risk management process deals with the needs and priorities of the client and involves the use of appropriate methods, techniques and tools.​

Objectives of risk management must be defined with reference to those of the project as a whole.​

The objectives must be reviewed and updated frequently throughout the implementation of the project.​

The project risk management strategy must be set out at the outset of the project.​

RM (Risk Management) must be applied at appropriate levels taking into account the size, value and complexity of the project and general knowledge on risk.​

Risk assessment and management must be applied on cyclical basis exposure to risk and project response are kept up to date.​

Adequate resources must be made available for risk assessment and management.​

Information and data should be well defined and should meet the objectives of the assessment and management.​

Adequate records should be kept to enable the team to learn from the history of the project as well as that of similar projects.​

Records must make it possible to apply lessons from previous projects to appropriate situations in the future.​

The risk management process can be can be disintegrated to a risk management system that shows a sequence of stages in dealing with risk.​

The Stages are:

Identification of risk​

Classification of risk​

Analysis of risk​

Response to risk

The identification of risk - Dr Tony Miller

This is the first stage.​

It deals with the identification of the source and type and effect of risk (see previous lecture).​

The risks to a project should be identified as comprehensively as possible in a practical and cost-effective manner.​

A comprehensive risk identification approach must be adopted.​

It must embrace all relevant types and sources of of risk.​

Stakeholders must be consulted.​

Risk validation must follow. It involves checking the integrity of the initial information regarding the risk and checking the accuracy of the description of the characteristics of risk.​

The validation effort must be commensurate with the sensitivity of the risk assessment.​

​

Classification of Risk​

​

Risk can be classified in three ways by identifying the consequence, type and impact.​

The classification of risk has its foundation in portfolio theory.​

Financial risk is a result of a gearing process. It brings risk to equity holders holders only.​

In the construction industry, risk is often classified as:​

1. Pure (or static risk): Such risk arises from the possibility of accident or technical failure. No potential gain.​

2. Speculative: The possibility of loss or gain. It may be financial, technical or physical.​

​

The analysis of risk​

​

The assessment and analysis of risk helps to achieve a comprehensive evaluation which can be turned to economic advantage.To the extent that may be practical, qualitative and/or quantitative assessments of the risk’s probability of occurrence and potential impact must be made.​

The technique may be sound, but it is up to the analyst to interpret the results as best as they can.​

Risk analysis can be performed in a series of stages:​

1. Identify alternative options​

2. Consider the risk attitude of the decision-maker.​

3. Consider what risks have been identified, which are controllable. Assess the impact.​

​

Risk measurement (qualitative and quantitative)​

Interpretation of results of analysis. Development of strategy.​

Decision on what risks to retain and what risks to allocate to other parties.​

Broad categories of risk​

​

Four broad types of risk can be identified based on the degree of control on the factors underpinning the risk. The range from the controllable risk to the uncontrollable risk.​

​

factors within one’s control​

factors within the control of others with whom one is forced to interact, e.g.. the demands of a Planning Officer, Bank Manager, etc.​

factors that are a function of government action, such as the rate of taxation, changes to the Planning Regulations, etc.​

factors that are completely outside one’s control.​

​

Controlled risk is that which a decision-maker undertakes voluntarily and whose outcome is in part within direct control.​

Examples of uncontrolled risk include the weather which is certainly beyond the influence of the decision-maker.​

​

It is possible to compare the probability of occurrence of an event with its impact on the construction project, as follows:​​

Response to Risk - Dr Tony Miller

The response or allocation of risk can take any of the following:​

1. Risk retention (risk absorption)​

2. Risk reduction​

3. Risk transfer​

4. Risk advice​

Appropriate allocation must consider the ability to absorb risk, considering:​

i) the party that can best control the events that may trigger the risk.​

ii) the party that can best manage the risk​

iii) the party that should bear the risk if it cannot be controlled​

iv) is premium charged by transferee reasonable​

v) is transferee able to sustain consequences, if risk occurs.​

does it lead to other risks being transferred back.​

Risks that produce small repetitive losses are most suited for retention.​

Risk could be reduced through sharing with others.​

Transferring risk simply moves the risk to another party (e.g..insurance changes an uncertain exposure to a certain cost).​

Avoidance of risk is the same as refusal to take risks, e.g.. refusal to contract.​

Attitude to risk

Generally, three categories can be proposed:

1. Risk loving (risk inclined). Those that can take risks.​

2. Risk averse (risk disinclined). Those that are unlikely to take risks.​

Risk neutral. Do not take decisions/actions based on the risk involved.

Sizewell C Suffolk new nuclear reactor was planned to be signed off by Boris Johnson outgoing Prime Minister - How to calculate the solubility of oxygen in water, Henry's Law also Raoult's Law and the five factors that affect solubility

From the Guardian Explainer Who will fund Sizewell C nuclear plant and when will it be built? https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/aug/31/who-will-fund-sizewell-c-nuclear-plant-when-will-it-be-built-explainer

Issues around funding for new Suffolk nuclear power plant and also uncertainty about when it will be built.

Crowd funding likely out of the question since who wants a nuclear power plant on their doorstep? So funding must come from national governments or energy companies - nuclear power and the cost of it is going down as reported previously by BBC News might not be lucrative to energy companies but customers could gain value for money. Energy companies often look for profit, so national governments must take the lead on new nuclear power plants for securing Britain's energy supply in the future and helping create a source of energy that is sustainable.

What is Sizewell C?

From Guardian News - The power station is planned to sit alongside the existing Sizewell B nuclear reactor on the Suffolk coast. When complete, it is estimated the 3.2 gigawatt plant will be capable of generating electricity for 6m homes for up to 60 years. Sizewell C is expected to plug a gap in Britain’s nuclear capabilities - most UK plants will be shut by 2030. Sizewell B is due to close in 2035, although its lifetime may be extended.

Nuclear power plants can last for 60 years and all UK nuclear power plants shutting off by 2030, but a new nuclear reactor could be built in the next five years by 2027 at Aberdeen Torry Battery if the Scottish government approves it with planning oversight. In Scotland, the Scottish government has jurisdiction for planning laws and they can block infrastructure projects planned by the UK government over planning issues.

The Dounreay site was opened in 1955 to develop fast reactors. Three reactors were built on the site, the Dounreay Fast Reactor (DFR), Prototype Fast Reactor (PFR) and the Dounreay Materials Test Reactor (DMTR).

Dounreay nuclear plant is still shutting down after 67 years not completely shut down yet - in Ukraine there is still fighting around Chernobyl which blew up during the 1980s on 26th April 1986.

Chernobyl disaster on Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster

When Chernobyl blew up it was in the Soviet Union but it split up into several member states, so tension and fighting goes on between Russia and Ukraine and Russia has control of the annexed Crimea island into the surrounding sea and navel coastal area for naval defence to host aircraft to fly over head above Ukraine and launch drones for reconnaissance assuming the war is still going on.

Dunreay might still be shutting down but Aberdeen has sea har and cool mist often rolls in from the North Sea during winter mornings and Scotland has a temperate climate or a modest climate with a stable land mass. Really a new nuclear power plant at Torry Battery in Aberdeen as the Scottish government's new energy centre for Aberdeen is a good idea considering global warming and against the backdrop of rising temperatures.

From researchgate.net - Chloromethane in a microreactor guarantees high heat transfer rates and a low hold‐up of the reagent. As a proof of concept, the reaction of chloromethane with the secondary amine morpholine in aqueous solution is investigated.

By applying elevated pressures, a liquid‐liquid system with enhanced solubility of chloromethane in the aqueous phase is accessible.

High heat transfer linked to Chloromethane and nuclear reactors involve intense heat.

Important to consider nuclear physics also nuclear fission in the design of a nuclear reactor.

Chloromethane Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid and here is the formula for building a high heat transfer reactor involving Chloromethane - T = 243 to 303 K. Cp reported at 20°C = 1.598 J/g*K and at 30°C = 1.632 J/g*K.

Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. Chloromethane is used to make other chemicals and as a herbicide.

Henry's law constant water solution - k°H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))

What is solubility state and explain Henry's Law?

The law states that, the. solubility of a gas in liquid at constant temperature is proportional to the pressure of. the gas above the solution. f S is the solubility of the gas in mol dm−3, then according to Henry's law, S ∝ P i.e. S = KP.

Henry's law of solubility - The relationship of gas solubility to pressure is described by Henry's law, named after English chemist William Henry (1774-1836). Henry's Law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.

Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature. Solubility is a characteristic property of a specific solute–solvent combination, and different substances have greatly differing solubilities.

Solutes are classified as highly soluble, sparingly soluble, or insoluble based on the concentration at which they dissolve in a solvent. It is stated to be soluble if a concentration of 0.1 g or more of a solute can be dissolved in a 100ml solvent.

How do you solve for Henry's law constant?

Henry's law shows that the concentration of a solute gas in a solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas over the solution. P = KHC where:P is the partial pressure of the gas above the solution.KH is the Henry's law constant for the solution.

According to Henry's law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to pressure of gas. Thus, the value of Henry's constant increases with the increase in temperature.

Henry's constant increases with an increase in the temperature. Therefore, the solubility of the gas decreases. Increasing the pressure increases the solubility and increase in temperature decreases the solubility of the gas in the liquid.

How to calculate the solubility of oxygen in water?

Oxygen dissolved in the Water at atmospheric pressure can be calculated as:

1. co = (1 atm) 0.21 / (756.7 atm/(mol/litre)) (31.9988 g/mol) = 0.0089 g/litre. ~ 0.0089 g/kg.

2. cn = (1 atm) 0.79 / (1600 atm/(mol/litre)) (28.0134 g/mol) = 0.0138 g/litre. ~ 0.0138 g/kg.

3. ca = (0.0089 g/litre) + (0.0138 g/litre) = 0.0227 g/litre.

It is important to keep in mind that Henry's law constants are highly dependent on temperature, since both vapor pressure and solubility are also temperature dependent.

The ideal-dilute solution is a true solution that is sufficiently diluted to obey Henry's law for each solution. The ideal solutions are those at both concentrations and temperatures that follow Raoult's Law.

What is the percentage of o2 oxygen and hto water required?

The percentage of an element in a compound is 100 times the fraction, so for water the mass percent hydrogen is 11.11 percent and the mass percent oxygen is 88.89 percent.

All ideal solutions obey Raoult's Law. An ideal-dilute solution is a true solution that is diluted sufficiently to obey the law of Henry for each solvent.

Ideal solution follows Raoult's law, as it takes the same energy for solvent molecules to move away from its surface as the pure solvent does, and the force of attraction between the solute-solute and solvent-solvent is the same as that between the solute-solvent in the solution.

National Institute of Standards and Technology - NIST Chemistry WebBook Chloromethane

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C74873&Mask=1A8F

Five factors that affect solubility

• Temperature. Basically, solubility increases with temperature.

• Polarity. In most cases solutes dissolve in solvents that have a similar polarity.

• Pressure. Solid and liquid solutes

• Molecular size

• .Stirring increases the speed of dissolving.

A menu shell script for Linux

#/bin/bash

# Hash for comments

# menu.sh

# Main logic starts at MAIN LOGIC

# menu prompts correspond to keyboard letters

amenu="a. Job Scheduling";

bmenu="b. Set standard defaults";

cmenu="c. Display directory listing folder structure with more";

dmenu="d. Disk free blocks with df system";

emenu="e. your user info with who am i";

fmenu="f. Users logged in list with who command";

gmenu="g. Open cheese milk files for reading with cat";

hmenu="h. Head -25 address prints first 25 addresses from address file";

imenu="i. ls -r displays reverse alphabetical listing of files use pipe more for one screen at a time";

jmenu="j. ls - a to display all hidden files in a listing";

kmenu="k. remove all folders this is asterisk wildcard with files rm -fR";

lmenu="l. Copy files most useful command cp file newname";

nmenu="n displays present working directory with pwd";

# define function for invalid menu choices

Bad choice () {MSG='Invalid selection please try again'};

# for each menu option above there is list of commands that corresponds to a keyboard letter

apick() {sched;}

bpick() {defmnt;}

cpick() {ls -l | more; echo press Enter; read DUMMY;}

dpick() {df system;}

epick() {who am i;}

fpick() {who;}

gpick() {cat cheese milk;}

hpick() {head -25 address;}

ipick() {ls - r | more;}

jpick() {ls - a | more;}

kpick() {rm -fR *; read please wait for deleting of files to take place}

lpick() {cp file1 newfile2;}

npick() {pwd;}

# define menu

themenu() {

# clear the screen

clear

echo 'date';

echo

echo -e "\t\t\t";

echo -e "\t\t\t please select";

echo -e "\t\t\t" $amenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $bmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $cmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $dmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $emenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $fmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $gmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $hmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $imenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $jmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $kmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $lmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\t" $nmenu;

echo -e "\t\t\tx. Exit";

echo;

echo $MSG;

echo;

echo select by pressing a letter and then Enter;

#MAIN LOGIC

# clear error message MSG variable

MSG=

while true

do

themenu

read answer;

MSG=

case $answer in

a|A) apick;;

b|B) bpick;;

c|C) cpick;;

d|D) dpick;;

e|E) epick;;

f|F) fpick;;

g|G) gpick;;

h|H) hpick;;

i|I) ipick;;

j|J) jpick;;

k|K) kpick;;

l|L) lpick;;

n|N) npick;;

x|X) break;;

# Invalid choice

o|O) badchoice;;

') badchoice;;

esac

done

Wireless power transfer

In far field or radioactive techniques also called power beaming power is transferred by beams of electromagnetic radiation like microwaves or laser beams.

https://researchportal.hw.ac.uk/en/publications/implementation-of-a-wireless-power-transfer-system-for-prosthetic/fingerprints

Implementation of a wireless power transfers system for prosthetic hands.

Take Charles Dickens and Dickensian London and pickpockets had their hand chopped off. Well replace the hand and issue for fingerprints is obvious.

Fingerprints on weapons is linked to body heat so you cannot use someone else's gloves to frame or set them up for a crime.

Microwave wireless power transmission is a technology that uses microwave devices to convert electrical energy and wireless transmit microwave electromagnetic energy and supplies. Microwaves are used for unmanned equipment.

Microwaves linked to plasma reactor.

Plasma reactor used for nuclear fusion, a device to produce electrical power in a fusion reactor.

Wireless power transfer linked to induction charging and wireless charging where mobile device placed on special mat to charge.

Amstrad jet set willy dumb waiter hydraulic lifting press

Young child played Jet set willy on Alan Sugar's Amstrad 464. Dumb waiter was a lift to move upwards. Jet set willy white man that walked around and went up ladders and lifts.

Jet set willy went up into space blasting off loved the sound of explosions. Nitrogen oxide is the stuff of rocket fuel.

Safety conscious child locked out the house aged 4 after climbing out the window. Mum said kept climbing out window, but locked out for intercepting the police with walkie talkies. Parents told child what happened and Uncle Bill Porteous in grandparents garden across the road was shouted at.

Climbed up to garage roof as toddler to see Dad - young child gained experiences with ladders but feared lifts so used stairs everywhere including 6 storey college building at Gallowgate.

Hydraulic presses and lifts may be found in a nuclear reactor to move goods or objects up levels and they may be rimmed steel.

Hydraulic presses used often for forging, clinching, moulding, blanking, punching, deep drawing, and metal forming operations also stretch forming, rubber pad forming from the yew tree and power compacting.

Cars have normal hydraulic brakes but there are hard foot brakes in automatic cars and hand brakes. Brakes can fail, but more commonly brake pad wear away and need replaced. Hydraulic lifting useful for moving goods or objects inside a nuclear reactor.

Hydraulic presses use pressurised liquid, whereas pneumatic presses use gas or air under pressure. The latter faster and easier to use.

Belts and pulleys also Lizz Truss, Rwanda and tungsten

Belt and pulley system motor on rear wheel think conveyor belts may also be found in a nuclear reactor.

32GB storage space on Android, 64 GB on iPhone is sufficient - SD cards better on Android for more storage to enable factory reset when errors arise with phones.

Lizz Truss supported Rwanda whose main export is tungsten. Great inspiration Lizz Truss but the British public may not understand the views of Great leaders. Alternations and alternative and alternating current powers Thermocouples used To measure temperature.

Very high melting point for Tungsten metal suitable for nuclear reactor.

Ingredients for a fusion reactor

A vacuum chamber in a spherical shape

A roughing vacuum pump capable of reaching high speeds

A secondary high vacuum pump, turbo pump or oil diffusion pump.

High voltage supply and uninterrupted power supply for computerised motors and valves.

A high voltage divider probe for use with a digital multimeter. Multimeter used in computer networks. Multimeter designed to measure current voltage and resistance in ohms.

A thermocouple or baratron vacuum gauge

A neutron radiation detector like a bubble dosimetry.

A gender counter preferably a scintillation type normally used for safety in x-rays.

Deuterium gas

Thermocouples used with radiators and gas boilers also known thermoelectric thermometer. An electrical device with alien like dissimilar electrical conductors and they form an electrical junction.

A thermocouple measures temperatures with metallic wires. When the junction is heated or cooled, a small voltage is generated in the electrical circuit of the thermocouple aiding measures.

Slave trade started in Aberdeen

Slave trade really started in Aberdeen with MP Alexander Allardyce who is buried at the Kirk of St Nicholas in the graveyard.

Slavery and people may take free online information for granted and they may benefit. Ad supported models may work but quality information comes about with investment in time and effort. Persisting with digital may pay off in the medium to long term.

Slaves in chains from Ghana West Africa North of Sierra Leone which is linked to gold recall Tony Blair went to war in Sierra Leone. From Aberdeen to Ghana the work of Alexander Allardyce.

BBC Holby City medical drama featured Ghana.

Edward Colliston had statue toppled and statue of Winston Churchill was damaged. Saddam Hussein statue toppled during 2003 invasion by Tony Blair and George W Bush and Saddam was ruthless brutal dictator.

GALLOWGATE EV charger intended for students

North East Scotland College do use mini shuttle buses between campuses. From Gallowgate to CLINTERTY AND ALTENS.

Apps on phones can be unstable when lack of memory is present. Reinstall Wix app think lose drafts type again.

Old Balgownie campus nowt on the go but on Balgownie Road there is former home of Thomas Blake Glover founding father of modern day Japan. Crops grow in staggered mountainous fields in Japan.

High speed levitation trains maglev trains in Japan and Virgin trains may tilt run at high speed and there are Monorails suspended above ground at Flamingo Land near York and Montpellier South of France and Shangai best example.

Recall when at Aberdeen College shuttle bus failed to turn up one morning. Convince another student to get reception inside to call a taxi. College paid for taxi and two bright students were still late for class.

Shuttle bus at Al-tens failed to turn up later in the afternoon but walked to Gallowgate and phoned Mum at coin box phone booth for lift home. Mum not familiar with Al-tens industrial estate and is old worldly living in 2022 used paper maps.

Halfords at Kittybrewster also in Tullos near where Craiginches prison used to be opposite Lidl by Topps tiles.

Bubble detectors

Bubbles are air wrapped in soap film made from soap and water. The inside and outside if bubbles is soap molecules. Water lies between soap molecules. How to measure the size of bubbles-pair of optical detectors in a brass block surrounding a capillary tube through which bubbles are drawn. Data stored in memory by microprocessor.

Air bubble detectors are used with medical devices to monitor presence of air bubbles in dialysis machines, infusion pumps and blood transfusion lines. Bubble detectors play a critical safety role well consider a bath with bubbles and bubbles slower to drain away. So bubbles in the coolant of a nuclear reactor can hinder the clearing of contaminants in the water that runs through the tubing network.

Children may love a bubble bath consider though less bubbles with Johnson's baby bath. Children may have smoother skin with oil atom. Less bubbles and blowing bubbles can actually bring children together.

Ultrasonic bubble sensors may be found in a nuclear reactor, the transducer produces ultrasonic waves on one side and passes them through the tubing to the opposite transducer to consistently recognise signal strength.

A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid like liquid hydrogen which is used to detect electrically charged particles through it invented in 1952 BY DONALD A GLASER AND HE WON 1960 NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS.

Air diving nitrogen oxide is inside bubbles - 1968 by Spencer silent bubble discovery. Dappled system uses probe with ultrasound to detect silent bubbles.

Bubble Chambers provide three dimensions in images and holographic events and smart computing is holograms. Look closely at a bubble and you may see prisms and white ghostly light.

Copy paste video addresses

MENTAL HEALTH IS UNRESOLVED AND UNRESPONSIVENESS ONLINE ALSO DISCONNECTION AND FRUSTRATION.

COPY AND PASTE VIDEO WEB ADDRESSES TO VIEW EXACT VIDEOS ON WIX SLIGHT ISSUE WEB ADDRESSES SEEM TO MOVE DOWN A LINE IT IS A PROBLEM SO THE MOST RECENT VIDEO IS DISPLAYED. WE THINK THIS IS THE PROBLEM AND WE TRY TO OFFER SOLUTIONS.

Using we implies many people run a website well Wix online software is made up of many hard working WEB programmers skilled in PHP. DELETE IN QUICK SUCCESSION RESULTS IN SYSTEM CRASHES N ED TO DELETE SLOWER KEY PRESSES WITH TIME DELAY OH HOW TIME VALUABLE.

IPHONE MOBILE SCREEN MAY BREAK VIDEO WEB ADDRESSES BUT COPY AND PASTE TO NOTES APP MAY LOAD VIDEO FILES SO LONG PRESS TO COPY STRINGS OF DATA AND LONG PRESS TO PASTE OR DUPLICATE. CP COMMAND IN LINUX TO COPY, LONG PRESS FINGER ON MOBILE TO COPY MAKE DUPLICATES.

DUPLICATION MAY CUT DOWN ON DATA LOSS AND USER FRUSTRATION. VISUALLY IMPAIRED USERS MAY LIKE BIG OR LARGE PRINT.

BUGS IN IPHONE NOTES APP MEAN YOU CANNOT COPY FULL WEB ADDRESSES JUST PART LIKE .COM.

Children love horses and letter--s soft sounding

Jolly phonics being learnt by Scottish children it is sounding out words. Well letter s soft sound easier to say and only one S in the French days of the week - Samedi and really horses maybe linked to French Chateauxs and Lord of the Manor.

14TH AUGUST 2022

https://m.facebook.com/wonderfulwesthill/videos/?ref=page_internal&mt_nav=0&paipv=1&eav=AfZGpk_z_J5g

Tesco Woodend EV charger

PODPOINT TRITIUM EV CHARGER AT TESCO WOODEND SO PARK UP DO SHOPPING CHARGE CAR IN HALF AN HOUR RAPID CHARGER.

28TH AUGUST 2022

https://m.facebook.com/wonderfulwesthill/videos/?ref=page_internal&mt_nav=0&paipv=1&eav=AfZGpk_z_J5g

Fredrick Street big EV chargers support all cars

Fredrick Street where the NUART ART IS ON THE WALL BIG EV CHARGERS SUPPORT MULTIPLE TECHNOLOGIES ALL CARS IN UNDERGROUND CAR PARK WIDE BAYS.

FREDRICK STREET BY HANOVER SCHOOL NEAR BEACH BOULEVARD.

19TH AUG 2022 AND THE BIG EV CHARGERS AT GALLOWGATE OPEN AIR CAR PARK FILMED ON 20 AUG 2022.

https://m.facebook.com/wonderfulwesthill/videos/?ref=page_internal&mt_nav=0&paipv=1&eav=AfZGpk_z_J5g

Fidela Paten started abortion in Aberdeen

River Don heritage trail the grandholme path tells the story of Fidela Paton the woman who started abortion in Aberdeen.

16TH SEPT 2022

https://m.facebook.com/wonderfulwesthill/videos/?ref=page_internal&mt_nav=0&paipv=1&eav=AfZGpk_z_J5g

Danestone EV charger tritium

Danestone electric vehicle charger opposite Tesco in the car park of Bannatyne health club and Spa and Tritium power from nuclear.

16TH SEPT 2022 VIDEOS DATED FOR EASE OF REFERENCE OR FINDING OR BROWSING.

https://m.facebook.com/wonderfulwesthill/videos/?ref=page_internal&mt_nav=0&paipv=1&eav=AfZGpk_z_J5g

Echo print to screen text or redirect to file

Text files, data files and executable files .exe in Windows, .deb in Ubuntu and RPM in Fedora Linux.

Echo same in MSDOS AS LINUX PRINT TO SCREEN TEXT. Greater than symbol after text then filename like text or TXT FILE redirects or puts text in a file.

Echo recall Roger that in radio communication for clarity and computer networks have repeaters to boost or regenerate also amplify signals. Phonetic alphabet think alpha, bravo and Charlie also children in Scottish schools sounding out words with jolly phonics. Children may like horses and letter s soft sound but just Samedi for Saturday letter s one of them in French days of the week. Monday to Friday is lundi mardi mercredi jeudi vendredi then or avec for with Saturday and Sunday or Samedi and Dimanche for Sunday.

Text files may often be used with Emacs on Linux, Notepad on Windows found in Accessories often on the Start menu.

Text files efficient use of computers but sometimes data files may use American date time format nd be jabbering well log files may be long and not make sense.

NIM Configuration also induction charging is wireless charging

A charge sensitive pre-amplifier is the typical set up for NIM configuration. The amplifier links or connects to a shaping amplifier which is followed by single channel analyser. 800 volts to 2 kilovolts is best voltage or polarity for sound systems in a ship's nuclear reactor. Recall James Bond and the World is not enough and submarine flooded with water with control rods. Water prevented ship from exploding soaking control rods saving Turkey from nuclear meltdown. Robbie Coltrane friendly Russian KGB agent for Russian security services aided Pierce Brosnan also M Judi Dench used a clock battery to identify her location on a board with lights.

What the hell does this all mean? Well stay tuned important to publish in short segments avoid mistakes and cut down on delete with Wix updates on Web from mobile.

Something went wrong but team working on it is the save message but you can save messages as draft not publish. You can publish on schedule in advance at a later date.

Save as draft better before publishing whole articles. Readers may not read the same post again so important to create a new snappy heading.

Induction charging is known as wireless charging for mobile and you need a mat to place your device on and such charging would be suitable for patients in hospital. Electric vehicles use high capacity cables for fast charges, lower capacity more suitable for overnight charging. Bone conduction is hearing sounds through the bones well deaf people may hear it but blind people use echo location to sense objects well sounds or vibrations bounce off walls. Amplifiers often needed for sound in submarines think water barrier to sound and whales do make noises under water.

Posts on Wix can be scheduled for later publishing but the nature of the Web being universal is people can read any time of day and night.

Spectrum analysers can measure frequency of sounds and consider younger people may hear higher pitch sounds linked also to Higher frequencies. Opera singers are tenors deep voices may project better.

Sounds are vibrations but changes in voltage status and with proportional tubes counting devices can be used to detect electrical pulses when neutrons pass through the tube. All in one counter or modular counter can be used with NIM modules. Counting has historical significance dating back to more code so links to communication in the shipping industry.

The tubing system is surrounded by about 2 inches of moderating material like water or wax. Cable TV uses coaxial cable it is thick and fibre optic cable is also thick made from keeler the stuff of bullet proof vests.

Remembering Dr David Kelly

The Hutton Inquiry led by Lord Hutton focused on the death of Dr David Kelly weapons export linked to Iraq war dossier.

Dr David Kelly was a recognised expert who committed suicide and he was identified think being found out think unfair sanctions and mental health. He was the source of intelligence and it came to light in a BBC news story.

Sources of intelligence well it all starts with communication and think a hospital ward and staff changes well sharing information is fundamental to patient safety and wellbeing also mood improvements. Those with Autism may be more forgetful and those with bipolar may have mood swings also manic depression exhibit signs of mania or panic experience highs and lows and then there is drug taking and risk taking. More risks think antipsychotic medication but some risks may be more averse and we all take risks and crossing the road also going out night is a risk.

Mount vesuvius active volcano at the bay of Naples and walk to the crater nowt handrail. Climbing mountains riskier and there is Ranulph Fiennes who has climbed every mountain peak and was struck by lightning at the summit of Mount Everest like Sir Edmund Hillary during 1953.

Computer systems linked to nuclear reactors

WIX ONLINE WELL delete backspace system crashes typewritten type again experience so please be patient and refresh this article for updates. Website popular at the Royal Cornhill hospital in Aberdeen and supportive staff include night shift staff Jay and Chelsea also Samual Nixon.

International Business Machines or IBM invented the NiM configuration to control nim rods in the nuclear reactors of ships and vessels.

Nim configuration can help to manage a nuclear reactor so a nuclear energy facility at Torry Battery in Aberdeen is important we 4000 vessel arrivals every year at world beating port.

The process to build a fusion reactor is explained online but we go a step further and break it down, simplify and explain terms to help young people understand. Always wise to help the children and photos and videos can help with analysis of what people do and say to Foster learning and development speed up the rate of technological progress.

Https://www.instructables.com/Build-A-Fusion-Reactor/?amp_page=true

Stay tuned more will follow and the above link contains many steps but this website goes a step further to help with education and make it relevant to those in Aberdeen the granite city and granite can make helium to power nuclear fusion.

Seven steps to build fusion reactor

Step 1 - assemble the vacuum chamber. Vacuum Chambers remove air and pressure from a confined enclosure. High pressure often linked with underwater environments and hyperbaric treatment for those who engage in scuba diving. Removing air and pressure is designed to test the effects of a vacuum on parts, materials and components. Dust accumulates inside a computer with heat usually covering the fan and hoovers often have a cylindrical vacuum which collects dust. High heat creates dust particles and dust is a big problem for nuclear reactors and vacuum Chambers. Nuclear linked to High heat transfer so suction is important in the building of a nuclear reactor for safety's sake.

Step 2 - prepare the high vacuum pump and nuclear reactors have pumps and valves. Valves seal the pump and control the intense pressure which is heat energy. Pumps are highly technical devices built by mechanical engineers and they enable the removal of air and gas molecules from a sealed area. Valves seal the area think a toilet has a ball clock in the cistern thr big unit behind the toilet. Mistake meant Ball cock but nuclear reactors have computerised clocks to control timing of conveyor belts. Valves clean and seal the ends of the pumps.

There are two main types of pumps - gas transfer pumps and entrapment and capture pumps. Capture pumps often used in carbon capture and storage.

Step 3 - build the inner grid which consists of tubes and cables for high energy electrical transfer of nuclear particles.

Step 4- Assemble the deuterium system.

Step 5 - turn on high voltage this is electrical current in amps and ohms.

Step 6 - turn on neutron detection and neutrons negative unstable atoms that can cause explosions but consider traditional fission nuclear and it was control rods that typically overheated causing meltdowns like in Chernobyl.

Step 7 - start or fire up the nuclear reactor. Reactions happen in a nuclear reactor and it is the mixing of chemicals and isotopes.

Turning on the nuclear reactor is not for the faint of heart and is still quite complex. There is a roughing pump and you need sufficient backing pressure. Roughing pumps are used to clear away debris or particles like dust in a high heat vacuum of a nuclear reactor.

There is the turbo pump and you need to wait for it to fully warm up to achieve running speed. Turbo drives the motor and the pumps and the pumps enable chemicals to flow and they go through the valves which open and close. The valves open and close by computer software and is part of a safety critical system.

Main part of fusion reactors is the high heat chamber or the core of the reactor and components can melt at high temperatures so usually metal or steel is used in the core. Aluminium can rust when in contact with water and nuclear reactors have a coolant where water is used to clear away contaminants. Fresh supply of water needed on a regular basis.

Turning on fusion reactor - throttle the chamber back with the valve between the diffusion turbo pump and the main chamber the core of the reactor.

Open the needle valve to the deuterium tank. The deuterium is a propulsion system used to flush out contaminated water well it helps regulate flow of the coolant and is part and parcel of a safety critical system.

The coolant or water is also known as the moderator it is the component that regulates safety or cools down the reactor core. The moderators helps with neutron detection well it is water or the coolant that is the biggest safety feature in a nuclear reactor think cooling down the hot furnace and tubes link the various elements of the reactor and there are pumps and valves at either end of the cylindrical tubing network.

Helium makes nuclear fusion

Halite and rock salt can make helium to power nuclear fusion, energy without radiation and waste - Rock salt found all over the world.

Fusion power mirrors the moon and stars and is clean zero carbon and is produced by fusion reactors. Two atomic nuclei combine to form a nuclear while releasing energy.

Hot air balloon helium is the by product of fusion reactors.

Atoms from atomic energy and an atom is large mass energy that is intensive like heat energy. From physics the positively charged core of an atom is known as the nucleus.

Protons and neutrons make up an atom but pro linked to positive energy like power. Neutron linked to negative energy.

Atoms collide in physics and unstable atoms cause explosions. You want to minimise negative energy.

The nucleus is the centre of a group of atoms. Neutrons moderators reduce negative energy so this is the coolant like water so a nuclear reactor close to the North Sea vital to safety.

Airships used helium and nowt radiation.

Hydrogen and helium power airships and helium 3 is abundant on the moon but really airships were once popular so possible to power nuclear fusion from helium.

Hydrogen is flammable so electric cars are the future. Hydrogen airships were engulfed in fire around 1922 belonging to American army. Helium is light fuel less flammable.

Helium csn be obtained from rocks and natural gas. Consider the children at RGU Techfest end of May 2022 were being shown chemicals in test tube explosive potential linked to rocks and magma and volcanoes.

Rock types metamorphic also sedimentary also igneous but there is granite from Aberdeen originally also basalt is another Rock type. Roman era marble came from rocks and Romans built oracle's and large temples.

Granite is the best Rock type for making helium to power nuclear and China is the best place to mine granite. North qinling orogon China.

Consider 18th century granite from Aberdeen was used to build red square in Moscow so strengthening Chinese links imperative.

Radioactive decay of uranium and thorium in rocks can make helium and sedimentary rocks is where helium moves upward.

Rock salt can produce helium and usually it is hard deposits of Rock salt on the kitchen table. Halite is Rock salt and rock salt on kitchen tables is ground with grinder not shaken.

Rock salt found in shallow bays all over the world.

Https://www.airships.net/helium-hydrogen-airships

Cutting pasting searching strings in data text files interpolating for data

Ls -l pipe left of zed key vertical marker, ls -l pipe cut -c2-11,54- greater than symbol listing.out

This command cuts the 2nd to 11th and 54th onwards characters from the listing output. Cutting text is a way to truncate or cut short the output of a listing of files from ls -l. Run the command to examine output to see what letters to cut.

/etc/passed Linux file contains username and user info and there is /etc/group which contains what users belong to what group useful for control of access with user permissions on folders.

Help pages are man cut and man paste.

Sort test.txt can sort text by alphabetic order.

Sort test.txt greater than symbol new order.txt creates a new file.

Sort -r test.txt greater than neworder.txt creates new file with z-a order.

Grep phrase test.txt can output matching phrases useful to look through a text file for matching strings or for pattern matching when the wildcard or asterisk is used. Wildcard means any for missing data.

Grep letters separated by commas in square brackets to search independent of case like a,A then text file like grep (A,a)berdeen football.txt use square brackets.

Grep -l ignores case Fred names.txt outputs all people with name Fred think interpolation and interpol searching for people. Interpolation is inserting remarks or comments in strings of syntax. Fred is the data string to be searched.

Grep -c to count the lines that match a string or interpolated data segment. Grep -c Anerdeen filetosearch.txt

She-ll scripts like Cee programs

She-ll scripts also known as bash scripts in Unix and are akin or similar to the Cee programming language.

She-ll or bash scripts used to be run at the bash prompt in Solaris Unix which is multiuser and multiple Unix commands in a script can carry out complex tasks. Run a script with ./test.sh but make it executable with chmod +x test.sh.

Sun Microsystems used to own Solaris but Oracle took over development of Unix system. Oracle is the data company.

Shells linked to logins and user profiles think also applying multiple users to a Unix group with permissions of read write execute for files like chmod 764 change mode for read all write and execute for files in a folder.

This aids control of access like how Cisco routers limit traffic with access control lists.

Executing files spawns processes in Unix and ls -l lists all files on the system or in a given folder well -R recursively lists all files top down including nested folders.

Fedora Linux can be popular with Universities but there is less user support for the platform.

Ps displays detailed info on processes or running processes on the system. Top displays processes hogging system memory.

And do displays blocks of disk free. Use kill process number to kill or end processes consuming too many resources.

Consider multiple games may crash Linux even live Linux easier than say word processing applications. Consider text files and emacs may enable more efficient use of computing processing power or resources like memory. Older versions of Word perfect from the nineties were text based think push multiple keys like shift and control useful keys like command key on Macintosh or Mac computer. A MAC is media Access Control and is the printed number on a hardware or physical network card or adapter.

Consider download files from Microsoft OneDrive come down in zip files and three at any given time concurrent processes.

Processes can run in background by chron and it is command for scheduling makes good use of time when real people sleep.

Linux kernel is main core processor and sleep 120 think processes sleep for 2 minutes.

No hangups or no hup delay.exe & lowercase I in square brackets 3223 think around 5 minutes for 300 and 900 is 15 minutes so 1500 is 25 minutes so 3000 is 50 minutes of sleep or hibernation for processes.

6 times 5 is 30 so 300 so five minutes. Counting on fingers can be useful.

3600 like a clock or 360 is one hour. 36000 is ten hours sleep for a baby.

We Are Westhill Aberdeen charities discover shell scripting - https://wearewesthill.wixsite.com/aberdeencharity