just for the reference here, for those of you using mongoose (v6) and trying to use the $exists to find a field that is not defined in your mongoose schema, mongoose v6 will escape it.

I want to filter out issues that are not in a specific epic or don't have a specific label with the same name as the epic. 


I'm trying to achieve this with this JQL: 

"Epic Link"!="BearHug" OR labels not in (BearHug)


That filter filters out a bunch of issues that don't meet that logic. 


When I want to collect the issues into my view, I use this JQL:

"Epic Link"="BearHug" OR labels in (BearHug) 


That filter filters out everything but issues within the Epic "BearHug" and also issues that have the label "BearHug". I have also tried just adding a "!" in from of the second filter like this:

!("Epic Link"="BearHug" OR labels in (BearHug))


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Why isn't this just a bug? Logically it's wrong, and it feels like Atlassian is unwilling to fix it because they're afraid it will break Jira queries across the world so they just let it be wrong. After all this is JQL not SQL, it doesn't "have to" have special handling for NULL

@Chris_Nicholl, and (when you have access to the feature) you can multi-home that single task to a project and share a read-only link to that project, thereby only sharing the single task you asked about.

Hi @lpb

Thanks for the work-around.

Hopefully this is just a short term solution and read-only links for tasks will be something that is implemented soon as that would be a much cleaner solution.

Many thanks.

I work on wifi at home and bought the Netgear AC600.to allow wifi on the computer. The computer currently does not have internet access. Can someone please explain how to install on a computer without internet access? No CD was provided with the adapter.


Thank you.

I'm trying to differentiate between documents that have some field but the value is not set, and the documents that don't have value. I was thinking about term query and script fields but both don't seem to let me achieve my goal. Could you advice?

My rigid internal clock forces my body into sleep and forces it back awake at almost the same time every night and day, regardless of whether I'm using an alarm. I imagine that the moments just after I've fallen asleep look similar to the way they do for you: an endless black abyss. Sleep takes hold of me quickly, and when it happens all I see is that darkness for what feels like a few moments before I'm waking back up. My brain rarely wanders off into other territories during sleep, at least to my knowledge.

Every now and then I wonder: If I'm not dreaming, is there something inherently wrong with me? Is it possible to sleep wrong, and am I doing that? Can not dreaming lead to cognitive issues for me in the future? I asked sleep experts to help me piece together the answers so I can finally put those worrying thoughts to bed.

My concerns about the fact that I rarely recall having dreams is hinged to one foundational question: Does dreaming serve any physical or mental benefit that the sleep itself doesn't? According to Rafael Pelayo, a clinical professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, doctors have gathered evidence surrounding multiple hypotheses about this. Dreaming, he says, has multiple functions, according to research, but he likens the primary and most recently discovered one to the tiny wastebasket that sits underneath your office desk and gets emptied after you've left for the night.

What Pelayo means is that, in layman's terms, your brain needs to be able to reprioritize information depending on how relevant it is to you at a given time. He gives the example of a person who lives around lions (strange, I know, but bear with me). A person living around lions would likely categorize cats as dangerous. Therefore, that person would need to remember specific characteristics of a lion, like its smell, so that they can avoid the danger of running into one. If that person moved to another area where there are no lions but plenty of domestic cats, their brain would need to forget certain details about lions in order to make room for new ones about other cats. Dreaming would be a part of that process.

Kelly Baron, a clinical psychologist and associate professor in the division of public health at the University of Utah, offers a similar sentiment on the purpose of dreams, which mostly occur during rapid eye movement (or REM) sleep. "It is thought that REM sleep is involved in re-activating memories and helping cement pathways in the brain between short-term and long-term memory formation," she explains.

You likely already know a little bit about REM sleep from your middle-school science textbooks. You usually have multiple REM cycles overnight wherein your eyes twitch, you breathe heavily, and your muscles relax into an almost paralytic state. The last REM cycle of the night, which happens in the final few hours of sleep, is when Pelayo says a majority of dreams happen.

Because of this, he says people like me who aren't recalling many dreams ought to examine the amount and timing of REM sleep they're getting to gauge why that is. By his logic, less REM sleep equals fewer possibilities for dreams to occur. Still, there's a really important distinction between not dreaming at all and simply not being able to remember your dreams. As Baron explains: "People are probably having REM sleep even if they don't remember it."

After telling Pelayo this, he assures me that I'm probably having dreams frequently, I'm just not waking up at a time that allows me to remember said dreams. He points me toward the work of William Dement, the founder of Stanford's Sleep Research Center, to better explain. Dement is one of the researchers who made early connections between dreaming and REM sleep, and his studies find that people typically don't remember a dream unless they wake up while it's occurring.

And if you're not dreaming because you're not getting quality REM sleep, that's where other health issues come into play. "People [who are not having REM sleep] may be tired, they may be sleep-deprived, and they have very wide fluctuations in how they're feeling," Pelayo says.

Additionally, studies have connected poor quality of sleep to a higher risk of heart disease, obesity, and even Alzheimer's Disease. With that in mind, people having difficulty sleeping over a long period of time should consult with a doctor.

I thankfully discovered from Pelayo's alarm trick that I do, indeed, have REM and dreams that I've just been sleeping through. If you end up using a sleep tracker to track your own REM sleep, though, Baron advises taking its readings with a grain of salt. "I think the use of sleep trackers makes people worry they are not getting enough REM sleep," she warns. "Even if your tracker says that you are getting less than average, it doesn't mean you have a sleep problem. There can be some variation in how much REM an individual gets, even in a healthy sleeper."

"Whether you remember your dreams or not is actually not a sign of whether your sleep is healthy," Baron says. Pelayo adds that the most important thing is that I'm getting quality sleep at all. "If you wake up in the morning refreshed, then you're probably sleeping just fine, and there's nothing abnormal about it."

Billions of people around the world are continuing to suffer from poor access to water, sanitation and hygiene, according to a new report by UNICEF and the World Health Organization. Some 2.2 billion people around the world do not have safely managed* drinking water services, 4.2 billion people do not have safely managed sanitation services, and 3 billion lack basic** handwashing facilities.

The Joint Monitoring Programme report, Progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene: 2000-2017: Special focus on inequalities finds that, while significant progress has been made toward achieving universal access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene, there are huge gaps in the quality of services provided.

The report reveals that 1.8 billion people have gained access to basic drinking water services since 2000, but there are vast inequalities in the accessibility, availability and quality of these services. It is estimated that 1 in 10 people (785 million) still lack basic services, including the 144 million who drink untreated surface water. The data shows that 8 in 10 people living in rural areas lacked access to these services and in one in four countries with estimates for different wealth groups, coverage of basic services among the richest was at least twice as high as among the poorest.

The report also says that 2.1 billion people have gained access to basic sanitation services since 2000 but in many parts of the world the wastes produced are not safely managed. It also reveals that 2 billion people still lack basic sanitation, among whom 7 out of 10 live in rural areas and one third live in the Least Developed Countries.

Finally, the report highlights new data showing 3 billion people lack basic handwashing facilities with soap and water at home in 2017. It also shows that nearly three quarters of the population of the Least Developed Countries did not have basic handwashing facilities. Every year, 297 000 children under 5 years die due to diarrhea linked to inadequate WASH. Poor sanitation and contaminated water are also linked to transmission of diseases such as cholera, dysentery, hepatitis A, and typhoid.

**Basic services: Having a protected drinking water source that takes less than thirty minutes to collect water from, using an improved toilet or latrine that does not have to be shared with other households, and having handwashing facilities with soap and water in the home. 0852c4b9a8

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