model discussed issues such as intense nurse-patient relationships based on the therapeutic communication techniques of nurses who spend longer times with patients, knowledge synthesis of medical, criminal, social and behavioral sciences and transferring this knowledge into practice or transferring knowledge in the field into theory.[18] A study by Mason et al. was conducted in England to 158 Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi - Journal of Psychiatric Nursing 2017;8(3):157–164 examine the competence and skills of 1,172 FPNs, psychiatric nurses and other workers in the field of psychiatry (psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers). It determined that there were minor differences between perceptions of FPNs and psychiatric nurses about their competence and skills in forensics, and there were certain differences between the thoughts of FPNs and other psychiatry disciplines. Mason et al. also found that the mean age of FPNs was greater than that of psychiatric nurses and other workers in the field of psychiatry. They also determined that FPNs had worked in clinics for a longer time than psychiatric nurses and had higher levels of empathy skills than other workers in the field of psychiatry had. They found that FPNs had higher levels of disappointment and lack of knowledge than psychiatric nurses and other workers in the field of psychiatry. They suggested that FPNs should improve their care for patients with personality disorders, listening skills and self-confidence. While FPNs had tendency to focus on personal qualifications regarding both themselves and patients (listening skills, enhancing self-confidence and improving skills about personality disorders), other workers in the field of psychiatry stated that they focused on problems in defining their roles in the care and treatment of patients and on organizational structures for solving problems. Their findings emphasized that defining the roles of FPNs should have, multidisciplinary study for needed skills and competences, formulating policy and developing curricula are important and required.[16] The second study by Mason et al. in England attempted to define the skills and competences of FPNs, the clinical problems that give nurses the most difficulties, the most appropriate clinical skills for solving these problems and clinical nursing care priorities that need to be improved. They found that FPNs had difficulties in problem areas such as personality disorders, aggression and violence at the highest level, while psychiatric nurses had the most difficulties with patients’ manipulative behaviors, aggression and personality disorders, like FPNs. Nurses in other areas said they had difficulties with personality disorders, unexpected violence and verbal threats. The FPNs, psychiatric nurses and other nurses chose violence management, relationship configuration and behavior change education as the most appropriate solutions to these difficulties. About the priorities of clinical nursing care, the FPNs believed that they should have more knowledge, skills and competence about personality disorders. The psychiatric nurses thought that they needed knowledge, skills and competence in communication, and the nurses working in other areas thought that they needed them in fear and anxiety management.[19] Mason et al. conducted an important study in this field to determine whether there is a difference between the perceived roles of nurses in low, medium and high security forensic psychiatry hospitals in England. They determined that there was a difference between roles perceived by nurses working in hospitals with different security levels. FPNs in high security hospitals believed that they had mostly legal roles, FPNs in medium or low security hospitals believed that they mostly had medical roles, and that nurses working in high security hospitals had more negative attitudes towards their roles.[12] Another study by Mason et al. used the Information Gathering Schedule that they developed, prepared a thematic analysis based on the literature and examined the roles of FPNs as binary themes. They examined whether there was a difference in the perceptions of FPNs in low, medium and high security hospitals. The researchers stated that the most frequently expected roles were “confidence vs. therapy, DİKEÇ G et al., Forensic Psychiatric Nursing 159 EBSCOHOST (42) EBSCOHOST (11), Turkish Psychiatry Index (2) Wiley Library (3) A total of 16 studies included in the review 64 Full-text Studies 5 Recurring Studies 43 Excluded Studies Turkish Psychiatry Index (7) Cochrane Library (5) PubMed (5) Willey Library (11) Figure 1. PRISMA Flow Diagram.[14] 160 Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi - Journal of Psychiatric Nursing 2017;8(3):157–164 Table 1. The characteristics and methods of the publications included in this study Name of the study Writer and year Country where Study design Aim Sample Results the study was conducted Forensic psychiatric nursing: skills and competencies: I role dimensions Forensic psychiatric nursing: skills and competencies: II clinical aspects Binary construct analysis of forensic psychiatric nursing in the UK: High, medium, and low security services Binary constructs of forensic psychiatric nursing: a pilot study Forensic Learning Disability Nursing Skills and Competencies: A Study of Forensic and Non-Forensic Nurses Forensic learning disability nursing role analysis