The growing cost of cyberattacks is a global concern and is predicted to reach $10.5 trillion in 2025. Emerging technologies and the advancements of AI further increase the complexity of interconnected and intelligent computing systems and allow for more sophisticated attacks, which in turn hinder accurate and timely threat detection and investigation. In our research, we aim to develop scalable, efficient, and robust provenance-based security mechanisms against evasive attacks in interconnected and intelligent systems.