Describe the structure and function of the kidneys.
Describe the structure of the juxta-glomerular apparatus and the role of the renin-angiotensin system.
Describe the process of urine formation including glomerular filtration tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion; concentration and dilution mechanism.
Describe and discuss the significance and implications of renal clearance.
Describe the renal regulation of fluid and electrolyte and acid-base balance.
Describe the innervation of the bladder, physiology of micturition and its abnormalities.
Describe the artificial kidney, dialysis and renal transplantation.
Describe cystometry and discuss the normal cystometrogram.