SEO comprises on-page, off-page, technical aspects, and keyword research. On-page optimization involves refining content and HTML source code to enhance relevance for targeted keywords. Off-page tactics focus on building backlinks and social signals to improve site authority. Technical SEO ensures website infrastructure and code meet search engine standards for crawlability and indexing. Keyword research identifies valuable search terms to integrate strategically into content. These combined efforts improve a site's visibility, driving organic traffic and enhancing online presence, ultimately leading to higher rankings on search engine results pages (SERPs).