Understanding how proteins exchange electrons with electrodes is fundamental to unraveling biological electron-transfer processes and developing functional bioelectronic interfaces. Protein film electrochemistry (PFE) provides a powerful approach to investigate these interactions by immobilizing redox-active proteins directly onto electrode surfaces while preserving their functional activity. By establishing electrical communication between the protein's redox centers and the electrode, PFE enables the investigation of electron-transfer kinetics, redox energetics, catalytic activity, and the influence of the surrounding molecular environment.

Our research explores how protein structure, orientation, surface chemistry, and electrode–protein interactions govern interfacial electron transfer. By combining electrochemical measurements with controlled surface functionalization and molecular-level characterization, we aim to establish fundamental structure–function relationships at bioelectronic interfaces. These insights provide a foundation for designing protein-based electrocatalytic systems, biosensors, and next-generation biohybrid electronic devices.