Thermal Challenges
For the past couple of centuries, traditional luminaries have consisted of a light bulb and lamp socket that enables consumers to continually replace bulbs that have burned out.
Whether it is an incandescent, compact fluorescent or fluorescent light bulb, it will simply screw or drop into an industry-standard socket and the luminary will continue to be operational.
A few LED lighting companies have developed high-flux LED bulbs that retrofit into existing sockets; but this approach is less than ideal.
For example, a traditional light bulb socket provides a very poor thermal path for cooling an LED light source.
Incandescent light bulbs are basically heaters that produces visible light, and the socket it is screwed into is designed to protect the lamp base and wiring from that heat.
With high-power LEDs, most of the ljusskyltar led wattage consumed is converted to heat and, if it can't be dissipated through the lamp socket, will dramatically shorten the LED life.
Complex Drive Circuitry
To protect the LED from degradation factors, such as heat and voltage spikes, the drive circuitry design is critical. Ideally, LED circuit designs should be tailored to the specifics of the application because mechanical and economic constraints make it difficult to design a "catch-all" circuit.
Most LED indication or lighting designs operate from a high voltage AC power source. Since LEDs are DC-driven, utilizing a specific AC to DC power supply to achieve a DC source voltage is often the most cost-efficient and reliable LED lighting solution.
To ensure efficient LED operation, DC-to-DC LED driver circuitry may also be required in conjunction with the primary power supply.
In addition to providing the necessary power and protection from current fluctuations, LED drive circuitry also generates heat - adding to the thermal management challenge.
And, generally, the greater the volume of light that is required, the more LEDs are needed, leading to more complex the circuitry, packaging challenges, higher heat flux, etc.