A sense of place is 'a unique collection of visual, cultural, social, economic and environmental qualities that provide connection to a location'1. By having a sense of place we are more likely to care about our surroundings and what to help look after them.
In Scotland, since we started settling down and making homes, food has been key in shaping our societies. We have:
Built societies on food – for example fishing communities on the North East coast of Scotland
Fought and moved people over land access – for example the Highland clearances where people were evicted to make way for sheep
Experienced starvation – for example the potato famine which killed more than a million people in Scotland.
Today a major issue is food poverty which is a significant threat to health and wellbeing. Food poverty is ‘The inability to acquire or consume an adequate or sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways, or the uncertainty that one will be able to do so.2
Food poverty is a complex issue and is linked to income, local food availability, access to retailers selling affordable, nutritious food, access to transport to buy and get the food home, access to cooking, storage and preparation facilities.
One indicator of food poverty is the use of food banks, but only a proportion of those in food poverty use food banks.
Food is often associated with places and different foods can be linked to different locations. These foods often make the most of the ingredients available locally. For example:
Cullen Skink comes from the coastal town of Cullen in the northeast of Scotland. This thick soup is made with potatoes, cream and smoked haddock, traditionally caught locally and cured over a particular type of green wood from the local area.
Arbroath smokies – are haddock caught off the coast of Arbroath, salted and dried overnight in barrels before being smoked.
There are also traditional Scottish foods that have no particular link to a place but are eaten across Scotland like Stovies, Haggis, Skirlie, Clootie Dumpling, Shortbread and Cranachan.
New Scots are people of any background who have immigrated to Scotland.
They bring with them cultures and recipes from different areas of the world. Food is a great way to share stories from around the world.
As a nation, we are often disconnected from the food we eat. We often don’t know where the food we eat has come from, which foods are grown locally or when they are in season.
The time of year when we pick or harvest any given type of food is called its ‘seasonality’. For example, parsnips in Scotland are in season over the winter months from November until February. We can extend the season of some crops like strawberries by growing them in polytunnels.
Global seasonality looks at what is in season around the world. Local seasonality considers where the food is eaten as well as where it is grown. For example, New Zealand apples are in season and ready to eat in the Spring. The local season for UK apples is in the Autumn. Another example are Kenyan green beans that are in season and ready to eat globally in Kenya in November and March. UK green beans are in season locally from June to September
Throughout the year in Scotland, we have locally-seasonal foods which are ripe and ready at different times of year. When foods are in season, they are at their best for eating! Look around the rural landscape where you live and see if you can identify any of the food that is being produced on your doorstep.
Food is a key part of bringing people together as well as featuring in a number of key celebrations. Eating together brings social and emotional benefits and encourages conversation.
Harvest festival or "Lammas" meaning loaf mass is traditional celebrated in Scotland in the autumn when the crops are harvested. A loaf of bread was traditionally made from the first wheat that was cut. This was then taken to church and shared.
Today we share food for all sorts of occasions including weddings and birthdays.
To stay fit and healthy we need to make sure we eat a balanced diet. This means eating a wide variety of food in the right proportions and ensuring we drink plenty of water.
Sustainable Diets (FAO 2010) are those diets with low environmental impacts which contribute to food and nutrition security and to healthy life for present and future generations. Sustainable diets are protective and respectful of biodiversity and ecosystems, culturally acceptable, accessible, economically fair and affordable; nutritionally adequate, safe and healthy; while optimizing natural and human resources.
Food choice is all about how people decide what to buy and eat. There are lots of factors involved in food choice and they are different for every person. The foods people choose depend on price, allergies, family, likes and dislikes, availability and even how you are feeling when you buy food.
Find out more about the role the beans may play in future diets
1 Why Sense of Place is Worth Caring About Edward T. McMahon explores the importance of community character, and why it is one of the key elements to a city’s economic success. https://www.planetizen.com/node/56165
2 Public health Scotland https://www.healthscotland.scot/health-inequalities/fundamental-causes/poverty/food-poverty#:~:text=Food%20poverty%20is%20commonly%20defined,be%20able%20to%20do%20so'.
Scottish Food Traditions https://www.nts.org.uk/stories/scottish-food-traditions
Seasonality calendar https://foodanddrink.scot/resources/seasonality-calendar/