Eva K Lee

P Gonzalez-Dias, EK Lee, S Sorgi, DS de Lima, AH Urbanski, EL Silveira, HI Nakaya . Methods for predicting vaccine immunogenicity and reactogenicity. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2020; 16 (2): 269-276 .

EK Lee, Z Li. Devices, Systems, and Methods for Enhanced Patient Monitoring and Vigilance. US Patent App. 16/676,348. 2020.

T Leonard, EK Lee . US-Mexico Border: Building a Smarter Wall through Strategic Security Measure Allocation. Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability 15 (1): 156-182.

EK Lee, K Uppal, S Er. SEACOIN2. 0: an interactive mining and visualization tool for information retrieval, summarization and knowledge discovery. 2019 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine. 2019;1518-1525.

EK Lee, YB Wang, YT He, BM Egan. An Efficient, Robust, and Customizable Information Extraction and Pre-processing Pipeline for Electronic Health Records. In Proceedings of the 11th International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management. 2019; 310-321. KDIR, ISBN 978-989-758-382-7.

EK Lee, HZ Tian, J Lee, X Wei, J Neeld, KD Smith, AR Kaplan. Investigating a Needle-Based Epidural Procedure in Obstetric Anesthesia. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2018; 2018: 720–729.

EK Lee, ZX Wang, A Shapoval. Strategies for Inpatient Bed Management. J Health Med Informatics 9: 308. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7420.1000308.

EK Lee, HZ Tian, X Wei, J Lee, KD Smith, J Neeld, AR Kaplan. Factors Influencing Epidural Anesthesia for Cesarean Section Outcome. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine. 2018; 1062-1069.

EK Lee, X Wei, F Baker-Witt, MD Wright, A Quarshie. Outcome-driven personalized treatment design for managing diabetes. Interfaces 2018; 48 (5): 422-435.

EK Lee. Predicting antigenicity of human influenza virus A (H3N2) using deep learning. (Keynote speech) Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Emerging Drugs 2018. ISSN: 2380-9477

EK Lee. Innovation in big data analytics: Applications of mathematical programming in medicine and healthcare. (Keynote speech) 2017 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), 2017: 3586-3595.

A Shapoval, EK Lee. Optimizing inpatient bed capacity to improve care delivery. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine. 2017: 855-860.

Di Kazmin, HI Nakaya, EK Lee, MJ Johnson, R van der Most, RA van den Berg, WR Ballou, Erik Jongert, U Wille-Reece, C Ockenhouse, A Aderem, DE Zak, J Sadoff, J Hendriks, J Wrammert, R Ahmed, and B Pulendran. Systems analysis of protective immune responses to RTS,S malaria vaccination in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. 2017; 114(9) 2425–2430.

EK Lee, YB Wang, RA Davis, BM Egan. Designing a low-cost adaptable and personalized remote patient monitoring system. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). 2017: 1040 - 1046.

EK Lee, A Shapoval, Z Wang. Inpatient bed management to improve care delivery.2017 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). 2017: 1033-1039.

EK Lee, ZX Wang. A Computational Framework for Influence Networks: Application to Clergy Influence in HIV/AIDS Outreach. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining 2017: 1175-1182.

EK Lee, FH Pietz, CH Chen, Y Liu. An interactive web-based decision support system for mass dispensing, emergency preparedness, and biosurveillance. Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Digital Health, 2017: 137-146

EK Lee, YB Wang, RA Davis, BM Egan. A Low-cost Adaptable and Personalized Remote Patient Monitoring System. In Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Digital Health. ACM 2017; 155-156.

EK Lee, Y Liu, FH Pietz. A computational framework for a digital surveillance and response tool: application to avian influenza. AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings 2017, 2017: 1090-1099.

EK Lee, Z Li, L Ling, A Agarwal, M Wright, A Quarshie. Reducing surgical-site infections for coronary artery bypass graft patients. 2016 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine. 2016; 978-985.

WT Mahle, SC Nicolson, D Hollenbeck-Pringle, MG Gaies, MK Witte, EK Lee, M Goldsworthy, PC Stark, KM Burns, MA Scheurer, DS Cooper, R Thiagarajan, VB Sivarajan, S Colan, MS Schamberger, LS Shekerdemian.Utilizing a Collaborative Learning Model to Promote Early Extubation Following Infant Heart Surgery. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.2016; 17(10): 939-947.

MJ Wolf, EK Lee, SC Nicolson, GD Pearson, MK Witte, J Huckaby, M Gaies, LS Shekerdemian, WT Mahle.Rationale and methodology of a collaborative learning project in congenital cardiac care. American Heart Journal. 2016; 174:129-137.

SE Holte, EK Lee, Y Mei.Symmetric directional false discovery rate control. Statistical Methodology. 2016 Dec 31;33:71-82.

WT Hu, K Watts, P Tailor, T Nguyen, J Howell; R Lee; N Seyfried; M Gearing; C Hales; A Levey; J Lah; EK Lee.CSF complement 3 and factor H are staging biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer’s Disease Neuro-Imaging Initiative. Acta Neuropathologica Communications. 2016;4(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s40478-016-0277-8.

EK Lee, YF Liu, FH Pietz.A Compartmental Model for Zika Virus with Dynamic Human and Vector Populations. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc. 2016;2016:743-752.

EK Lee, YB Wang, MS Hagen, X Wei, RA Davis, BM Egan.Machine Learning: Multi-site Evidence-Based Best Practice Discovery. (Keynote speech) International Workshop on Machine Learning, Optimization and Big Data. 2016: 1-15.

EK Lee, H Nakaya, F Yuan, T Querec, F Pietz, BA Benecke, G Burel, B Pulendran. Machine learning framework for predicting vaccine immunogenicity. Interfaces – The Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice. 2016; 46(5): 368 - 390.

EK Lee, M Callahan, X Wei, PD Tailor, M Cole, M Wright.A systems approach to reducing central line associated blood stream infections. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine. 2015; 948-955.

Contributor, Institute of Medicine.Transforming health care scheduling and access: getting to now. 2015 June. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

HI Nakaya, T Hagan, M Kwissad, EK Lee, et al.Systems analysis of immunity to influenza vaccination across multiple years and in diverse populations reveals shared molecular signatures. Immunity. 2015 Dec 15;43(6):1186-98.

EK Lee, HY Atallah, MD Wright, ET Post, C Thomas IV, DT Wu, LL Haley.Transforming emergency department workflow and patient care. Interfaces – The 2014 Franz Edelman Award Achievement in Operations Research. 2015; 45(1):58-82.

EK Lee, F Yuan, F Pietz, BA Benecke.Vaccine prioritization for effective pandemic response. Interfaces – 2014 The Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice. 2015; 45(5):425 - 443.

EK Lee, HJ Kang, D Cinalioglu, L Davis, G Frank.Systems modeling and simulation for reducing medication errors. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine. 2014; 978-1-4799-9669: 35-42.

JP Brooks, EK Lee. Solving a multigroup mixed-integer programming-based constrained discrimination model. INFORMS Journal on Computing. 2014; 26(3): 567 - 585.

MS Hagen, EK Lee.BIOSPIDA: A relational translator and automatic storage for NCBI ASN.1 databases. International Conference on Big Data and Analytics in Healthcare. 11-29. Singapore, Jul 2014.

EK Lee, TL Wu, S Tal, J Jose. Medical alert management: An automated decision support tool to reduce alert fatigue. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc. 2014; 845-854.

MS Hagen, JK Jopling, TG Buchman, EK Lee.Priority queuing models for hospital intensive care units and the impacts to severe case patients. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc. 2013; 841-50.

C Koczor, R Torres, E Fields, A Boyd, S He, N Patel, EK Lee, A Samarel, W Lewis.Thymidine kinase and miDNA depletion in human cardiomyopathy: epigenetic and translational evidence for energy starvation. Physiological Genomics. 2013; 45(14):590-6.

C Koczor, EK Lee, R Torres, A Boyd, J. Vega, K Uppal, F Yuan, E Fields, A Samarel, W Lewis.Detection of differentially methylated gene promoters in failing and nonfailing human left ventricle myocardium using computational analysis. Physiological Genomics. 2013; 45(14):597-605.

KX Cao, N Lailler, YZ Zhang, et al.High resolution mapping of h1 linker histone variants in embryonic stem cells. PLOS Genetics. 2013; 9(4).

EK Lee, F Pietz, B Benecke, J Mason, G Burel.Advancing public health and medical preparedness with operations research. Interfaces - The Franz Edelman Award Achievement in Operations Research. 2013; 43(1): 79-98.

EK Lee, F Yuan, A Templeton, R Yao, K Kiel, JCH Chu.Biological planning for high-dose rate brachytherapy: Application to cervical cancer treatment. Interfaces - The Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice. 2013; 43(5): 462-476.

JH Park, EK Lee, QY Wang, J Li, QF Lin, C Pu.Health-Connect: An Ontology-Based Model-Driven Information Integration Framework and Its Application to Integrating Clinical Databases. Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE 13th International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration (IEEE IRI 2012). 2012; 393-400.

EK Lee, TL Wu, F Goldstein, A Levey. Predictive model for early detection of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Optimization and Data Analysis in Biomedical Informatics. Fields Institute Communications. 2012; 63: 83-97.

CD Corley, R Arthur, RT Brigantic, C Bruckner-Lea, G Calapristi, JS Chung, G Dowling, D Hartley, S Kennedy, A Kircher, S Klucking, MJ Lancaster, T McKenzie, EK Lee, N Nelson, J Olsen, C Pancerella, T Quitugua, JT Reed, C Thomas, R Walters.Assessing the continuum of event-based bio surveillance through an operational lens. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science. 2012; 10(1):131-141.

EK Lee, F Yuan, D Hirsh, M Mallory, HK Simon.A clinical decision tool for predicting patient care characteristics: patients returning within 72 Hours in the emergency department. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc. 2012; 2012: 495-504.

R Eguchi, K Elwood, EK Lee.The 2010 Canterbury and the 2011 Christchurch New Zealand Earthquakes and the 2011 Tohoku Japan Earthquake: Emerging Research Needs and Opportunities Workshop Report. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute and the U.S. National Science Foundation 2012.

EK Lee, CH Chen, N Brown, J Handy, A Desiderio, R Lopez, B Davis.Designing guest flow and operations logistics for the Dolphin Tales. Interfaces - The Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice, 2012; 42(5): 492-506.

M Artzrouni, CB Begg, R Chabiniok, J Clairambault, AJE Foss, J Hargrove, EK Lee, JH Siggers, M Tindall.The first international workshop on the role and impact of mathematics in medicine: a collective account. American Journal of Translational Research 2011; 3(5):492-497.

Contributor, Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. BioWatch and Public Health Surveillance: Evaluating Systems for the Early Detection of Biological Threats. 2011. Abbreviated Version. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. (The unabbreviated version is classified.)

EK Lee, HR Lee, A Quarshie. SEACOIN -- An investigative tool for biomedical informatics researchers. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc 2011; 750-759.

BT Denton, O Alagoz, A Holder, EK Lee.Medical decision making: open research challenges. IIE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering. 2011; 1(3):161-167.

HI Nakaya, J Wrammert, EK Lee, et al.Systems biology of seasonal influenza vaccination in humans. Nature Immunology 2011; 12: 786-795.

B Pulendran, R Ahmed, E Lee, T Querec. Systems Biology Approach Predicts Immunogenicity of Vaccines. US12/935,347.

EK Lee, K Cha. Automated data collection and integration for cancer treatment design and clinical quality evaluation investigations. 2010 American Medical Informatics Association Summit on Clinical Research Informatics 2010. (Competitive selection, 7%)

MS Hagen, EK Lee. BIOSPIDA: A relational database translator for NCBI. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc 2010; 422-426.

EK Lee, A Mejia, T Senior, J Jose. Improving patient safety through medical alert management: an automated decision tool to reduce alert fatigue. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc 2010; 417-421.

JJ Sturm, DA Hirsh, EK Lee, R Massey, B Weselman, HK Simon. Practice characteristics that influence nonurgent pediatric emergency department utilization. Academic Pediatrics 2010; 10(1): 70-74.

JP Brooks, EK Lee. Analysis of the consistency of a mixed integer programming-based multi-category constrained discriminant model. Annals of Operations Research on Data Mining. 2010; 174(1): 147-168.

EK Lee, CH Chen, F Pietz, B Benecke. Disease propagation analysis and mitigation strategies for effective mass dispensing. American Medical Informatics Association Annu Symp Proc 2010; 427-431.

EK Lee. Mixed integer programming approach for cancer therapeutics. Paper for the 2009 National Science Foundation (NSF) Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation Engineering Research and Innovation Conference. 1-9. Honolulu, Jun 2009.

MT McCabe, EK Lee, PM Vertino. A multifactorial signature of DNA sequence and polycomb binding predicts aberrant CpG island methylation. Cancer Research 2009; 69(1):282-291.

EK Lee, HK Smalley, Y Zhang, F Pietz, B Benecke. Facility location and multi-modality mass dispensing strategies and emergency response for biodefense and infectious disease outbreaks. International Journal on Risk Assessment and Management -- Biosecurity Assurance in a Threatening World: Challenges, Explorations, and Breakthroughs 2009; 12(2/3/4):311-351.

EK Lee. Machine learning framework for classification in medicine and biology. Integration of AI and OR Techniques in Constraint Programming for Combinatorial Optimization Problems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2009; 5547:1-7. (Plenary speech)

EK Lee, CH Chen, F Pietz, B Benecke. Modeling and optimizing the public health infrastructure for emergency response. Interfaces - The Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice 2009; 39(5): 476-490.

TD Querec, R Akondy, EK Lee, W Cao, HI Nakaya, D Teuwen, A Pirani, K Gernert, J Deng, B Marzolf, K Kennedy, H Wu, S Bennouna, H Olouch, J Miller, RZ Vencio, M Mulligan, A Aderem, R Ahmed, B Pulendran. Systems biology approach predicts the immunogenicity of the yellow fever vaccine in humans. Nature Immunology 2009; 10:116-125.

Q Ling, C Pu, EK Lee. A model-driven approach to manage clinical data in relational databases. IEEE Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, Workshop on Biomedical and Health Informatics 2008. (Competitive selection, 8%)

PK Mehta, L Simpson, EK Lee, TA Lyle, ME McConnell, WM Book. Endothelin receptor antagonists improve exercise tolerance and oxygen saturations in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome and congenital heart defects. Texas Heart Institute Journal 2008; 35(3):256-261.

EK Lee. In case of emergency: a range of potential calamities--from a bioterrorist attack to a naturally occurring pandemic--demands fast, efficient, large-scale dispensing of critical medical countermeasures OR/MS Today. 2008; 35 (1): 28-35.

EK Lee. Modeling and optimization the public health infrastructure for emergency response. Modeling and Simulation for Emergency Management and Health Care Systems: Workshop Summary 2008.

A Jayashankar, U Udayasankar, S Sebastian, M Kalra, EK Lee, W Small. MDCT of thoraco-abdominal trauma: an evaluation of the success and limitations of primary interpretation using multiplanar reformatted images versus axial images. Emergency Radiology 2008; 15(1):29-34.

EK Lee. Optimization-based predictive models in medicine and biology. In: CJS Alves, PM Pardalos, LN Vicente, eds. Optimization in Medicine. Springer Optimization and Its Applications. The Netherlands: Springer 2008;12:127-151.

EK Lee, M Zaider. Operations research advances cancer therapeutics. Interfaces - The Franz Edelman Award Achievement in Operations Research 2008; 38(1):5-25.

JP Brooks and EK Lee. Mixed integer programming constrained discrimination model for credit screening. In Proceedings of the 2007 Spring Simulation Multiconference, Business and Industry Symposium,1-6, Norfolk, VA, Mar 2007. ACM Digital Library.

EK Lee, KD Cha, T Bortfeld, JO Deasy. 4D-Image-Guided treatment planning optimization for managing organ motion in radiotherapy planning. Proceedings for International Conference on The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy. 2007;6205:1-5. (Competitive selection, 5%)

EK Lee, KD Cha, JO Deasy. Robust optimization to accommodate effects of systematic treatment uncertainties. In Proceedings for International Conference on The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy 2007;6256:1-5. (Competitive selection, 5%)

EK Lee, TL Wu. Classification and disease prediction via mathematical programming. In: O Seref, OE Kundakcioglu, PM Pardalos, eds. Data Mining, Systems Analysis and Optimization in Biomedicine. AIP Conference Proceedings 2007; 953:1-42.

EK Lee. Large-scale optimization-based classification models in medicine and biology. Annals of Biomedical Engineering - Systems Biology, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology 2007; 35(6):1095-1109.

JP Brooks and EK Lee. Solving a mixed-integer programming formulation of a multi-category constrained discrimination model. In Proceedings of the 2006 INFORMS Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Data Mining1-6, 2006.

EK Lee, JO Deasy. Optimization in intensity-modulated radiation therapy. SIAG/OPT Views- and-News, Optimization in Medicine 2006; 17(2):20-32.

EK Lee, S Maheshwary, J Mason, W Glisson. Large-scale dispensing for emergency response to bioterrorism and infectious disease outbreak. Interfaces - OR Applications for Homeland Defense 2006; 36(6):591-607.

EK Lee, S Maheshwary, J Mason, W Glisson. Decision support system for mass dispensing of medications for infectious disease outbreaks and bioterrorist attacks. Annals of Operations Research- Computing and Optimization in Medicine and Life Sciences 2006; 148:25-53.

EK Lee, T Fox, I Crocker. Simultaneous beam geometry and intensity map optimization in intensity-modulated radiation therapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2006; 64(1):301-320.

FA Feltus, EK Lee, JF Costello, C Plass, PM Vertino. DNA motifs associated with aberrant CpG island methylation. Genomics 2006; 87:572-579.

EK Lee, T Easton, K Gupta. Novel evolutionary models and applications to sequence alignment problems. Annals of Operations Research - Computing and Optimization in Medicine and Life Sciences 2006; 148:167-187.

JO Deasy, EK Lee, T Bortfeld, M Langer, K Zakarian, J Alaly, Y Zhang, H Liu, R Mohan, R Ahuja, A Pollack, J Purdy, R Rardin. A collaboratory for radiation therapy treatment planning optimization research. Annals of Operations Research - Computing and Optimization in Medicine and Life Sciences 2006; 148:55-63.

L Simpson, EK Lee, BJ Hott, DJ Vega, WM Book. Long-term results of angioplasty vs stenting in cardiac transplant recipients with allograft vasculopathy. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 2005; 24(9):1211-1217.

EK Lee, S Maheshwary, J Mason. Real-time staff allocation for emergency treatment response of biologic threats and infectious disease outbreak. Annals of Operations Research- Computing and Optimization in Medicine and Life Sciences. 2006; 148:25-53.

EK Lee, R Gallagher, A Campbell, M Prausnitz. Prediction of ultrasound-mediated disruption of cell membranes using machine learning techniques and statistical analysis of acoustic spectra. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2004; 51(1):82-89.

EK Lee. Generating cutting planes for mixed integer programming problems in a parallel computing environment. INFORMS Journal on Computing 2004; 16(1):3-26.

L Simpson, PK Mehta, BJ Hott, JD Vega, EK Lee and WM Book. Long term results of angioplasty versus stenting in cardiac transplant recipients with allograft vasculopathy. International society for heart and lung transplantation (ISHLT) 2004. (Competitive selection, 2%)

Bartholdi, J J., III, D. Dave, EK. Lee. Computing optimal load plans in less-than-truckload freight networks. Advances in Manufacturing, Logistics, and Supply Chain Management: Proceedings of the International Workshop in IT-Enabled Manufacturing, Logistics, and Supply Chain Management 2003;1-22.

JC Landry, M Koshy, JD Lawson, N Esiashivilli, CA Staley, JY Ting, R Howell, S Ghavidel, EK Lee, LW Davis. Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for retroperitoneal sarcoma: A case for dose escalation and organ at risk (OAR) toxicity reduction. Proceedings of American Society of Clinical Oncology 2003;22: 297. (Competitive selection, 1%)

EK Lee, RJ Gallagher, D Patterson. A linear programming approach to discriminant analysis with a reserved judgment region. INFORMS Journal on Computing 2003; 15(1):23-41.

FA Feltus, EK Lee, JF Costello, C Plass, PM Vertino. Predicting aberrant CpG island methylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2003; 100(21):12253-12258.

EK Lee, M Zaider. Intraoperative dynamic dose optimization in permanent prostate implants. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2003; 56(3):854-861.

M Langer, EK Lee, JO Deasy, R Rardin, J Deye. Operations research applied to radiotherapy, an NCI-NSF - sponsored workshop February 7-9, 2002. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2003; 57(3):762-768.

T Easton, K Hooker, EK Lee. Facets of the independent set polytope. Mathematical Programming B 2003; 98:177-199.

EK Lee, J Deasy, M Langer, R Rardin, J Deye, F Mahoney. Final report - NCI/NSF workshop on operations research applied to radiation therapy, Washington, DC, February 7-9, 2002. Annals of Operations Research - Optimization in Medicine 2003; 119:143-146.

EK Lee, T Fox, I Crocker. Integer programming applied to Intensity-modulated radiation therapy treatment planning. Annals of Operations Research - Optimization in Medicine 2003; 119:165-181.

EK Lee, M Zaider. Mixed integer programming approaches to treatment planning for brachytherapy - application to permanent prostate implants. Annals of Operations Research - Optimization in Medicine 2003; 119:147-163.

EK Lee, AYC Fung, JP Brooks, M Zaider. Automated tumor volume contouring in soft-tissue sarcoma adjuvant brachytherapy treatment. Physics in Medicine and Biology 2002; 47(11):1891- 1910.

J Linderoth, EK Lee, M Savelsbergh. A parallel linear programming based heuristic for large scale set partitioning problems. INFORMS Journal on Computing 2001; 13:191-209.

EK Lee, M Zaider. On the determination of an effective planning volume for permanent prostate implants. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2001; 49(4):1197-1206.

EK Lee, T Fox, I Crocker. Optimization of radiosurgery treatment planning via mixed integer programming. Medical Physics 2000; 27(5):995-1004.

M Zaider, M Zelefsky, EK Lee, K Zakian, HA Amols, J Dyke, J Koutcher. Treatment planning for prostate implants using magnetic-resonance spectroscopy imaging. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2000; 47(4):1085-1096.

CS Wuu, RD Ennis, PB Schiff, EK Lee, M Zaider. Dosimetric and volumetric criteria for selecting source activity and a source type (125I or 103Pd) in the presence of irregular seed placement in permanent prostate implants. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2000; 47(3):815-820.

EK Lee. A linear-programming based parallel cutting plane algorithm for mixed integer programming problems. Proceeding for the Third Scandinavian Workshop on Linear Programming 1999; 22-31.

EK Lee, JE Mitchell. Computational experience of an interior-point SQP algorithm in a parallel branch-and-bound framework. In: Frenk, H., Roos, K., Terlaky, T., Zhang, S. (eds) High Performance Optimization I 2000; 33: 329-347. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3216-0_13

EK Lee, R Gallagher, D Silvern, CS Wuu, M Zaider. Treatment planning for brachytherapy: an integer programming model, two computational approaches and experiments with permanent prostate implant planning. Physics in Medicine and Biology 1999; 44(1):145-165.

EK Lee, RJ Gallagher, M Zaider, Planning implants of radionuclides for the treatment of prostate cancer: an application of mixed integer programming. OPTIMA (Mathematical Programming Society Newsletter) feature article, 1999; 61: 1-10.

RE Bixby, W Cook, A Cox, EK Lee. Computational experience with parallel mixed integer programming in a distributed environment. Annals of Operations Research - Parallel Optimization 1999; 90:19-43.

RE Bixby, EK Lee. Solving a truck dispatching scheduling problem using branch-and-cut. Operations Research 1998; 46(3):355-367.

EK Lee, D Silvern, R Gallagher, LG Stabile, RD Ennis, CR Moorthy, M Zaider.Treatment planning for permanent prostate implants: genetic algorithm versus integer programming. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 1997; 35: Supplement Part 2. (Competitive selection, 4%)

EK Lee, J Mitchell.Computational experience of an interior-point algorithm in a parallel branch-and-cut framework. Proceedings for SIAM Conference on Parallel Processing for Scientific Computing 1997;1-9.

M Ju¨nger, EK Lee, P Mutzel, T Odenthal. A polyhedral approach to the multi-layer crossing minimization problem. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Graph Drawing. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, LNCS. Springer-Verlag 1997; 1353:13-24.

RJ Gallagher, EK Lee. Mixed integer programming optimization models for brachytherapy treatment planning. Proceedings of the 1997 American Medical Informatics Association 1997;278-282. (Competitive selection, 5%)

EK Lee, JE Mitchel. Computational experience of an interior-point SQP algorithm in a parallel branch-and-bound framework. In Proceedings of High Performance Optimization Techniques 1997, 97-108.

RJ Gallagher, EK Lee, D Patterson. Constrained discriminant analysis via 0/1 mixed integer programming. Annals of Operations Research - Non-Traditional Approaches to Statistical Classification and Regression 1997; 74:65-88.

EK Lee. On facets of knapsack equality polytopes. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 1997; 94(1):223-239.

EK Lee, J Mitchell. Computational experience in nonlinear mixed integer programming. The Operations Research Proceedings 1996;95-100.

EK Lee, RJ Gallagher. Mixed integer programming models for machine learning and discriminant analysis, Proceedings of ICIAM 95.Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathmematik und Mechanik.1996;76(3)491-492

RJ Gallagher, EK Lee, D Patterson. An optimization model for constrained discriminant analysis and numerical experiments with iris, thyroid, and heart disease datasets. Proceedings of the 1996 American Medical Informatics Association 1996; 209-213. (Competitive selection, 5%)

Refereed Book Chapters

EK Lee, Collaborative systems analytics to advance clinical care: Application to congenital cardiac patients. Healthcare Policy, Innovation and Digitalization: Contemporary Strategy and Approaches. Accepted 2022. Springer.

– Finalist, 2018 Franz Edelman Award Achievement in practice excellence.

EK Lee, H Tian, X Wei, JH Lee. A patient-centered data-driven analysis of pain management via Epidural Anesthesia. In: Wang J (Ed). Encyclopedia of Data Science and Machine Learning. IGI Global, 2022; Chapter 5.

EK Lee, B Egan. Free Text to Standardized Concepts to Clinical Decisions. In: Wang J (Ed). Encyclopedia of Data Science and Machine Learning. IGI Global, 2022; Chapter 28.

EK Lee, GS Galis. Using pattern recognition and discriminant analysis of functional perfusion data to create “angioprints” for normal and perturbed angiogenic microvascular networks. In: Galis ZS (Ed). The Vasculome: From Many, One. 2022; Chapter 18. 219-228. San Diego: Elsevier Inc./Academic Press.

EK Lee, CH Chen, YF Liu, F Pietz, B Benecke. A Software Suite for Public Health, Disaster Medicine and Emergency Response. In: S Chatterjee, RT Brigantic, AM Waterworth (Eds). Applied Risk Analysis for Guiding Homeland Security Policy and Decisions. 2021 Chapter 12: 297-324. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

EK Lee, F Yuan, A Templeton, R Yao, K Kiel, JCH Chu.Biological Planning Optimization for High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy and its Application to Cervical Cancer Treatment. In: N Kong, SF Zhang, eds. Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment. 2018; 261-284. Wiley Series in Operations Research and Management Science.

EK Lee. Machine Learning for Early Detection and Treatment Outcome Prediction. In: N Kong, SF Zhang, eds. Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment 2018; 367-400. Wiley Series in Operations Research and Management Science.

EK Lee. Applications of discrete optimization in medicine and healthcare. In: T Terlaky, M Anjos and S Ahmed, )Eds). Advances and Trends in Optimization with Engineering Applications. 2017; Vol 24: 93-103. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.

EK Lee. Predictive analytics: classification in medicine and biology. In: Y Hui, EK Lee, eds. Healthcare Analytics: From Data to Knowledge to Healthcare Improvement. Wiley Series in Operations Research and Management Science. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2016; 159-187.

EK Lee, HY Atallah, MD Wright, C Thomas, ET Post, DT Wu, LL Haley Jr.Systems Analytics: Modeling and Optimizing Clinic Workflow and Patient Care. In: Y Hui, EK Lee, eds. Healthcare Analytics: From Data to Knowledge to Healthcare Improvement. Wiley Series in Operations Research and Management Science. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2016; 261-302.

Special Issue Editors' Note: Wagner Prize Second-Place Winner Lee et al./Grady Health System. Interfaces - The Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice 2014; 44(5): 444.

EK Lee, FH Pietz, B Benecke.Service networks for public health and medical preparedness: medical countermeasures dispensing and large-scale disaster relief efforts. In: JW Hermann, ed. Handbook of Operations Research for Homeland Security. The Netherlands: Springer 2013:183:167-196.

EK Lee, AY Yang, F Pietz, B Benecke.Public health, emergency response, and medical preparedness I: Medical surge. In: JJ Cochran, ed. Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley 2011. (DOI: 10.1002/9780470400531.eorms1041)

EK Lee, F Pietz, B Benecke.Public health, emergency response, and medical preparedness II: Medical countermeasures dispensing and large-scale disaster relief efforts. In: JJ Cochran, ed. Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley 2011. (DOI: 10.1002/9780470400531.eorms1042)

EK Lee, AY Yang, T Guilford, F Pietz, B Benecke.Public health, emergency response, and medical preparedness III: Communication infrastructure. In: JJ Cochran, ed. Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley 2011. (DOI: 10.1002/9780470400531.eorms1043)

EK Lee, AY Yang, F Pietz, B Benecke.Public health, emergency response, and medical preparedness IV: Emergency evacuation. In: JJ Cochran, ed. Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley 2011.( DOI: 10.1002/9780470400531.eorms1046)

EK Lee, AY Yang, F Pietz, B Benecke.Public health and medical preparedness. In: Y Yih, ed. Handbook of Healthcare Delivery Systems. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Taylor, Francis Group 2011:41-1: 1-42.

S Guerlain, EK Lee.Engineering the healthcare delivery system. Frontiers of Engineering: Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2009 Symposium (2010). National Academy of Engineering of the National Academies, The National Academies Press, Washington D.C.

EK Lee, K Gupta.Algorithms for genomics analysis. In: CA Floudas, PM Pardalos, eds. Encyclopedia of Optimization. 2nd. The Netherlands: Springer 2009:33-54.

EK Lee, TL Wu.Disease diagnosis: Optimization-based methods. In: CA Floudas, PM Pardalos, eds. Encyclopedia of Optimization. 2nd. The Netherlands: Springer 2009:753-784.

EK Lee, JE Mitchell.Integer programming: Branch-and-bound methods. In: CA Floudas, PM Pardalos, eds. Encyclopedia of Optimization. 2nd. The Netherlands: Springer 2009:1634-1643.

EK Lee, TL Wu.Classification and disease prediction via mathematical programming. In: PM Pardalos, HE Romeijn, eds. Handbook of Optimization in Medicine, Chapter 12. Springer Optimization and Its Applications. The Netherlands: Springer 2009:26:381-430.

EK Lee, K Gupta.Algorithms for genomics analysis. In: PM Pardalos, HE Romeijn, eds. Handbook of Optimization in Medicine, Chapter 9. Springer Optimization and Its Applications. The Netherlands: Springer 2009:26:291-323.

EK Lee, TL Wu, JP Brooks. Classification and disease prediction via mathematical programming. In: GJ Lim, EK Lee, eds. Optimization in Medicine and Biology, Chapter 1. Boca Raton, FL: Auerbach Publications, Taylor, Francis Group 2008:3-60.

EK Lee, K Gupta.Algorithms for genomics analysis. In: GJ Lim, EK Lee, eds. Optimization in Medicine and Biology, Chapter 12. Boca Raton, FL: Auerbach Publications, Taylor, Francis Group 2008:355-393.

EK Lee, DP Lewis.Integer programming for telecommunications. In: MGC Resende, PM Pardalos, eds. Handbook of Optimization in Telecommunications, Chapter 3. The Netherlands: Springer 2006:67-102.

EK Lee, M Zaider.Optimization and decision support in brachytherapy treatment planning.In: ML Brandeau, F Sainfort, WP Pierskalla, eds. Operations Research and Health Care: A Handbook of Methods and Applications, Chapter 28. International Series in Operations Research; Management Science, Vol 70. The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers 2004:722-740.

M Zaider, EK Lee.Treatment planning for low dose rate and high dose rate brachytherapy. In: AP Dicker, GS Merrick, FM Waterman, RK Valicenti, LG Gomella, eds. Basic and Advanced Techniques in Prostate Brachytherapy, Chapter 12. The United Kingdom: Taylor,Francis Group 2005:143-156.

EK Lee.Branch-and-bound methods. In: PM Pardalos, MGC Resende, eds. Handbook of Applied Optimization, Chapter 3, Section 2. New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA 2002. (Honorable mention by the Association of American Publishers’ Outstanding Professional and Scholarly Titles of 2002 in Computer Science.)

EK Lee, JE Mitchell.Integer programming: Branch and bound methods. In: CA Floudas, PM Pardalos, eds. Encyclopedia of Optimization. The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers 2001:1049-1059.

Edited Volumes

H Yang, and EK Lee, eds.Healthcare Analytics: From Data to Knowledge to Healthcare Improvement. John Wiley & Sons, 2016.

Y Hui, EK Lee.Healthcare Data Analytics: Wiley Series in Operations Research and Management Science. Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc 2015.

EK Lee.Operations Research for Medical Decision Making: Springer International Series in Operations Research and Management Science. The Netherlands: Springer Science 2015.

EK Lee, A Sofer, Computer Science Series.Computing and Optimization in Medicine and Life Sciences. The Netherlands: Springer Science 2012.

EK Lee, G Limo.Optimization in Medicine and Biology. Boca FL: Taylor and Francis Auerbach Publications 2008.

EK Lee, A Sofer, Computer Science Series.Computing and Optimization in Medicine and Life Sciences, Volume 2. The Netherlands: Springer Science 2006.

EK Lee, A Sofer.Computing and Optimization in Medicine and Life Sciences, Volume 1. The Netherlands: Springer Science, Kluwer Academic Publishers 2003.

Reviewed Biological/Medical Abstracts

EK Lee, F Yuan, A Templeton, R Yao, K Kiel, JCH Chu.Optimizing tumor control probability in radiation therapy treatment – application to HDR cervical cancer. Medical Physics 2016; 43(6): 3806.

WT Mahle, S Nicolson, LS Shekerdemian, MG Gaies, MK Witte, EK Lee, M Goldsworthy, P Stark, KM Burns, MA Scheurer, DS Cooper, R Thiagarajan, B Sivarajan, D Hollenbeck-Pringle, S Colan.Utilizing a collaborative learning model to decrease length of postoperative ventilation following infant heart surgery. Circulatio 2015; 132(3): A9997-A9997. American Heart Association.

EK Lee, HJ Kang, D Cinalioglu, L Davis, G Frank.Systems modeling and simulation for reducing medication errors. Pediatric Academies 2013; 2910.103.

EK Lee, F Pietz.SU-E-I-89: Real-time information and decision support for radiological emergency response. Medical Physics 2013; 40(6):146.

EK Lee, F Yuan, A Templeton, R Yao, K Kiel, JCH Chu.SU-D-500-1:TCP-driven biological planning for high-dose rate brachytherapy. Medical Physics 2013;40(6):105.

EK Lee, F Yuan, A Templeton, R Yao, K Kiel, JCH Chu.TCP-driven biological planning for high-dose rate brachytherapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 2013; 87(25): S415-2551.

EK Lee, DA Hirsh, HK Simon.A clinical decision support tool for predicting patient readmission in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatric Academies 2012; 2938.598.

EK Lee, F Yuan, R Yao, J Chu.PET-image TCP-driven biological planning for cervical cancer high-dose rate brachytherapy. Medical Physics 2011;38:3627.

EK Lee, KD Cha, JO Deasy and C Hamilton.Handling multiple clinical objectives in intensity modulated radiation therapy treatment planning. Medical Physics 2010; 37 (6):3214.

EK Lee, F Yuan, A Templeton, R Yao, JC Chu.PET-Image guided dose escalation in high-dose rate radiation therapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 2010;78(3):S415.

EK Lee, KD Cha, and M Zaider.Automated Planning Volume Definition for HDR Brachytherapy:Application to Intraluminal Treatment of the Bile Duct. Medical Physics 2009; 36(6):2530.

EK Lee, and KD Cha.Image-guided Adaptive Treatment Planning Optimization for IMRT. Medical Physics 2009; 236(6):2538.

M McCabe, EK Lee, P Vertino.Multi-factorial prediction of aberrant CpG island methylation in cancer. AACR Special Conference Cancer Epigenetics 2008; A73.

EK Lee, KD Cha, T Bortfeld, JO Deasy.4D image-guided treatment planning optimization for managing organ motion in radiotherapy planning. Proceedings for International Conference on The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy 2007;6205:1-5.

EK Lee, KD Cha, JO Deasy.Robust optimization to accommodate effects of systematic treatment uncertainties. Medical Physics 2007; 34(6):2523-2524.

EK Lee, KD Cha, JO Deasy.Robust optimization to accommodate effects of systematic treatment uncertainties. Proceedings for International Conference on The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy 2007; 6256:1-5.

M McCabe, EK Lee, P Vertino.Multi-Factorial prediction of aberrant CpG island methylation in Cancer, The Sixth Georgia Tech - Oak Ridge International Conference on Bioinformatics - In silico Biology: Gene Discovery and Systems Genomics 2007;35.

M McCabe, EK Lee, P Vertino.Predicting methylation-prone CpG islands in human cancer. Proc. Amer. Assn. Cancer Res 2007; 48:2839.

EK Lee.Large-scale pattern recognition and classification approaches for disease diagnosis. Biomedical Engineering Systems Biology and Bioinformatics 2006.

EK Lee, D Lewis, KD Cha.Efficient IMRT Delivery - Fast generation of integer-valued beam profiles. Medical Physics 2006; 33(6): 2096.

EK Lee, KD Cha, T Bortfeld, JO Deasy.4D image-guided treatment planning optimization for managing respiratory effect in radiotherapy planning. Medical Physics 2006; 33(6) 2191-2192.

EK Lee, M Zaider.Incorporating biological metabolite information within treatment of prostate carcinoma and analysis of dose escalation effect. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 2006; 66(3)(Suppl 1): S572-S573.

EK Lee, FA Feltus, JF Costello, C Plass, PM Vertino.Large-scale genomic pattern recognition and classification of aberrantly hypermethylated CpG island loci in human cancer. The Fifth Georgia Tech - Oak Ridge International Conference on Bioinformatics - Computational Genomics and Evolutionary Biology,2005:62.

EK Lee, D Lewis.Fast integer-valued smoothing of beam profiles in intensity modulated Radiation Therapy. Medical Physics 2005; 32(6):1974.

EK Lee, T Bortfeld, JO Deasy.Robust optimization including effects of systematic treatment errors. Medical Physics 2005; 32(6):1978.

FA Feltus, EK Lee, JF Costello, C Plass, PM Vertino.DNA patterns associated with CpG island methylation state. The Fifth Georgia Tech - Oak Ridge International Conference on Bioinformatics - Computational Genomics and Evolutionary Biology 2005;50.

P Mehta, L Simpson, EK Lee, T Lyle, W Book.Endothelin-receptor antagonists improve exercise tolerance and oxygen saturations in adults with the Eisenmenger Syndrome. American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 3190 2005.

EK Lee, KD Cha, T Bortfeld, JO Deasy.Multistage treatment planning optimization for managing organ motion in radiotherapy planning. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 2005;63(Suppl 1):S209-S210.

EK Lee, KD Cha, T Bortfeld, JO Deasy.Multistage treatment planning optimization for managing organ motion in radiotherapy planning. Medical Physics 2005; 32(6):1925.

EK Lee, T Easton, K Gupta.Novel evolutionary models and applications to the sequence alignment problem. The Fifth Georgia Tech - Oak Ridge International Conference on Bioinformatics - Computational Genomics and Evolutionary Biology 2005;63.

EK Lee, KD Cha, J Shi.Automated data collection and integration for cancer treatment design and clinical quality evaluation investigation. Joint BECON/BISTIC 2004 Symposium Biomedical Informatics for Clinical Decision Support: A Vision for the 21st Century 2004;P23.

EK Lee.Handling multiple clinical objectives in intensity modulated radiation therapy treatment planning. 46th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2004; 31(6):1777.

J Deasy, EK Lee, M Langer, T Bortfeld, Y Zhang, H Liu, R Mohan, R Ahuja, J Dempsey, A Pollack, J Rosenman, A Eisbruch, R Rardin, J Purdy, C Zakarian, J Alaly.An IMRT treatment planning research collaborator- 46th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2004; 31(6):1775.

EK Lee.Optimization techniques and their suitability and robustness for IMRT planning. 46th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2004; 31(6):1762.

EK Lee, M Zaider.Incorporating biological metabolite information within treatment of prostate carcinoma. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 2004; 60(1):S370-371.

EK Lee, R Wagman, M Zaider.Treatment planning with automated planning volume definition for HDR brachytherapy - Application to intraluminal treatment of the bile duct. International Conference on Translational Research and Pre-Clinical Strategies in Clinical Radio-Oncology - ICTR 2003 Advances In Translational Radiation Oncology: From Molecular Signaling to Cancer Cure 2003;36:2530.

EK Lee, JO Deasy, I El Naqa, I Kawrakow, M Vicic.Integrating a Monte Carlo based optimization module into CERR for designing IMRT plans- 45th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2003; 30(6):1324.

EK Lee, M Zaider.Intraoperative dynamic dose optimization in permanent prostate implants. International Conference on Translational Research and Pre-Clinical Strategies in Clinical Radio- Oncology - ICTR 2003 Advances In Translational Radiation Oncology: From Molecular Signaling to Cancer Cure 2003;56(3)854-961.

M Koshy, JC Landry, JD Lawson, N Esiashivilli, CA Staley, JY Ting, R Howell, S Ghavidel, EK Lee, LW Davis.Potential for toxicity reduction using intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) For retroperitoneal sarcoma. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2003;57(2):S448-9.

EK Lee, T Fox, I Crocker.Beam geometry and intensity map optimization in IMRT via computational optimization. 45th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2003; 30(6):1385-1386.

M Koshy, JC Landry, JD Lawson, N Esiashivilli, CA Staley, JY Ting, R Howell, S Ghavidel, EK Lee, LW Davis.Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for retroperitoneal sarcoma: A case for dose escalation and organ at risk (OAR) toxicity reduction. American Radium Society Houston, Texas. Cancer Journal Scientific American 2003;7(3-4):137-148.

FA Feltus, JF Costello, C Plass, EK Lee, PM Vertino.Identifying sequence patterns associated with aberrant CpG island methylation. Proceedings of American Association of Cancer Research LB:3 2002.

EK Lee, T Fox, I Crocker.Mixed integer programming techniques applied to IMRT treatment planning optimization. 44th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2002; 29(6):1259.

JO Deasy, EK Lee, I Kawrakow, C Zakarian.A prototype Monte Carlo-based IMRT treatment planning research system. 44th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2002; 29(6):1254.

EK Lee, K Godette, C Anderson, J Keller.Effect of race and radiation treatment modalities on biochemical failure in prostate cancer cases. 44th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2002;29(6).

EK Lee, M Zaider.Intra-operative dynamic dose optimization for prostate permanent implants. 44th American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting. Medical Physics 2002; 29(6):1228.

EK Lee.An innovative computerized treatment planning system for permanent prostate implants. The American Association for the Advancement of Science 2001 Annual Meeting & Science Innovation Exposition, A41, February 2001. Invited presentation with media briefings

EK Lee, T Fox, I Crocker.Computational optimization for brain tumor radiosurgery treatment planning. 43rd American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City Utah, July 2001. Medical Physics 2001; 28(6):1304,.

EK Lee, AY Fung, M Zaider.Automated planning volume contouring in soft-tissue sarcoma adjuvant brachytherapy treatment. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2001; 51(3): 391.

M Zaider, EK Lee.MRS-guided dose-escalation treatment planning optimization for permanent prostate implants. 2nd International Innovative Solutions for Prostate Cancer Care meeting 2001;36.

EK Lee, M Zaider.Intraoperative iterative treatment plan optimization for prostate permanent implants. 2nd International Innovative Solutions for Prostate Cancer Care meeting 2001; 32-33.

EK Lee, M Zaider, M Zelefsky.On the definition of effective planning volume in permanent prostate implants. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1999; 45(3):261-262.

M Zaider, EK Lee, K Zakian, HA Amols, M Zelefsky, J Dyke, J Koutcher.Intensity-modulated conformal treatment planning for prostate implants using biological imaging. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1999; 45(3):351.