"Potential growth and natural yield curve in Japan", (with Gilles Dufrénot & Meryem Rhouzlane), Journal of International Money and Finance, 2022, 124, 102628.
Replication code
We estimate the yield curve gap in Japan and examine whether it has contributed to the sustained low growth and low inflation rates observed since the beginning 2000s. We use a semi-structural empirical model that generalizes Laubach and Williams' approach, considering the entire range of maturities of the interest rates and dealing with the issue of mixed frequency sampling. An important result is that, even in the absence of a zero lower bound, monetary and fiscal policies proved ineffective in bringing the Japanese economy out of a situation of prolonged stagnation and low inflation. This happened even when the yield curve moved below its natural level.
"Did Monetary Policy Kill The Phillips Curve? Some Simple Arithmetics.", (with Drago Bergholt & Francesco Furlanetto), The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2024. Norges Bank Working Paper, VoxEu article, Replication code
Price inflation in the U.S. economy has been remarkably stable over the past 25 years, in spite of large fluctuations in real economic activity. This observa- tion has led some to believe that the Phillips curve has flattened. We argue that this viewpoint may be premature unless one accounts explicitly for all supply-side varia- tion in data. In fact, we show that it is crucial to control for an entire array of supply shocks (and not only cost-push shocks) when evaluating alternative explanations for the puzzling behavior of inflation. Equipped with a combination of New Keynesian theory and SVAR models, we decompose the unconditional variation in data into the components driven by demand and supply, respectively. This allows us to conduct a simple yet novel accounting exercise, which reveals that the Phillips curve remains relatively stable once supply shocks are properly controlled for. The demand curve, in contrast, has flattened substantially. Our results are fully consistent with an explanation based on a more aggressive monetary policy response to inflation.
"Inequality's Ripple Effect: Analyzing Its Influence on the Natural Interest Rate and Monetary Policy in Germany, Japan, and the US", (with Mariam Camarero, Gilles Dufrénot, & Cecilio Tamarit) - accepted, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
This paper analyzes how different forms of inequality have affected potential growth and the natural interest rate in the U.S., Germany, and Japan during the last two decades. Growing inequalities may constitute a drawback for the recovery of these economies after the Great Recession (GR) and the Covid-19 pandemic. To this aim, we modify the semi-structural model initially proposed by Holston, Laubach and Williams (2017) by considering the effects of several types of inequalities. We jointly estimate potential growth and the natural interest rates showing that the latter can substantially modify the time path of the real interest rate that prevails when economies are at full strength and inflation is stable. Finally, we study the effects of our estimates on the reaction functions of the monetary authorities.
"Quantitative Easing, Tightening, and the term premium channel in the Euro Area" - accepted, Empirical Economics
Long-term yields can be broken down into two components: a risk-neutral rate and a term premium. In this paper, I study the term premium channel of QE for the asset purchase programmes of the European Central Bank, and later its related Quantitative Tightening (QT) period. I find a strong dominance of the term premium channel over the risk-neutral channel, both for the transmission of QE to the yield curve and to aggregate macroeconomic variables. However, this impact is not symmetric in the case of QT, where the risk-neutral channel is found to be more important. Overall, the term premium channel is found to have significantly raised core inflation and real GDP during the QE period, and was a major driving force for the macroeconomic variables from 2015 on, before its contribution turned negative as part of a lagged effect of QT, early 2024 on. Using cutting-edge econometric techniques, this paper provides a robust view of the importance of the little known term premium channel of QE/QT.
Togo: "Second Review under the ECF arrangement", IMF Staff Report, with H. Weisfeld et al., July 2025
Togo: "First Review under the ECF arrangement", IMF Staff Report, with H. Weisfeld et al., January 2025
Togo: "Article IV Consultation " and "Selected Issues", IMF Staff Report, with H. Weisfeld et al., September 2024
Cameroon: "Request for an Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility", IMF Staff Report, with C. Sancak et al., February 2024
Cameroon: "Fifth Reviews under the ECF and the EFF Arrangements", IMF Staff Report, with C. Sancak et al., February 2024
Maldives: "FSAP - Technical Note on Macroprudential Policy", IMF Staff Report, December 2023
Maldives: "FSAP - Financial System Stability Assessment", IMF Staff Report, with T. Wezel et al., December 2023
Cameroon: "Fourth Reviews under the ECF and the EFF Arrangements", IMF Staff Report, with C. Sancak et al., July 2023
Algeria: "Central Bank Liquidity Forecasting", IMF Technical Assistance report, with Romain Lafarguette et al., April 2022
"The natural rate of interest: estimates, drivers, and challenges to monetary policy", Research assistance for Claus Brand - ECB Occasional Paper Series No. 217, 2018
"Inflation and Monetary Policy transmission in the euro area: a FAVAR/FECM approach" - Mimeo, Paris School of Economics, 2016
"Introducing survey forecasts in a VAR setting to forecast the yield curve", (with Simon Bigot) - Mimeo, EDHEC Business School, 2015