Background Information: There are many resources available online to introduce even young children to permaculture principles, and teaching children the benefits of composting is an excellent place to begin. Learning to compost provides children with a means to reduce waste, save energy, and learn the basics about soil and growing. This series of three lessons/activities should ideally be completed in the fall, then by spring the soil/compost (activity #3) should be ready to be utilized for potted plants or in a garden.
Materials: Bucket or container for collecting leaves and grass.
Build background knowledge about decay and decomposition by watching the video "It's not scary, it's decayed".
Go for a nature walk and look for signs of decomposition (leaves, etc.).
Collect dead leaves and grass and sticks (ideal size for stirring) for activity #3.
Materials: A collections of items (or photos) of things that are compostable and things that are not; supplies or technology to make an anchor chart; a compost bucket or container to begin collecting compostable materials.
Ask students: what is composting?
Explain that most things that decay (with a few exceptions) can be collected as compost and added back to the earth when they finish decomposing.
Together as a class, or in small groups depending on the age of the children, sort a collection of items (or photos) of things that decay (what is compostable versus things that are not).
Have children/groups share their understanding and create an anchor chart together as a class of what is compostable versus not (the infographic is supplied for the teacher's reference, and is based upon what decomposes in a backyard compost pile).
Begin collecting compostable materials as a class for activity #3 and hang the anchor chart for reference.
Botanical Paperworks (2018): https://botanicalpaperworks.com/blog/infographic-free-printable-composting-101/
Materials: A large glass jar with a lid (or a collection of smaller mason jars with lids for each student); leaves, grass, newspaper (brown materials); green compostable materials; soil; cups or shovels for scooping; water; sticks for stirring; gloves (optional).
Watch the video: "Create a soil-arium" on how to create a soil-arium with compost materials.
Build a large soil-arium together as a class, or have students bring their own glass jars to school and build individual soil-ariums.
Ongoing: monitor the decomposition process, add water, and mix regularly; journal observations; read books about composting, microorganisms, and/or soil. If they begin to smell, add more brown materials.
In the spring, use the soil to grow plants and reflect on the soil-arium/composting process.
Additional Resources, Lessons, Ideas, and Extension Activities:
http://www.siddals.com/compost-stew.html
http://childreninpermaculture.com/
http://www.wow.sa.gov.au/uploads/1/9/2/6/19269635/compost_in_a_bottle.pdf