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Engineering geology is the application of geology to engineering study for the purpose of assuring that the geological factors regarding the location, design, construction, operation and maintenance of engineering works are recognized and accounted for.[1] Engineering geologists provide geological and geotechnical recommendations, analysis, and design associated with human development and various types of structures.[2] The realm of the engineering geologist is essentially in the area of earth-structure interactions, or investigation of how the earth or earth processes impact human made structures and human activities.

Engineering geology studies may be performed during the planning, environmental impact analysis, civil or structural engineering design, value engineering and construction phases of public and private works projects, and during post-construction and forensic phases of projects. Works completed by engineering geologists include; geologic hazards assessment, geotechnical, material properties, landslide and slope stability, erosion, flooding, dewatering, and seismic investigations, etc.[3] Engineering geology studies are performed by a geologist or engineering geologist that is educated, trained and has obtained experience related to the recognition and interpretation of natural processes, the understanding of how these processes impact human made structures (and vice versa), and knowledge of methods by which to mitigate hazards resulting from adverse natural or human made conditions. The principal objective of the engineering geologist is the protection of life and property against damage caused by various geological conditions.[4]

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The practice of engineering geology is also very closely related to the practice of geological engineering and geotechnical engineering. If there is a difference in the content of the disciplines, it mainly lies in the training or experience of the practitioner.

Although the study of geology has been around for centuries, at least in its modern form, the science and practice of engineering geology only commenced as a recognized discipline until the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The first book titled Engineering Geology was published in 1880 by William Penning. In the early 20th century Charles Peter Berkey, an American trained geologist who was considered the first American engineering geologist, worked on several water-supply projects for New York City, then later worked on the Hoover Dam and a multitude of other engineering projects. The first American engineering geology textbook was written in 1914 by Ries and Watson. In 1921 Reginald W. Brock, the first Dean of Applied Science at the University of British Columbia, started the first undergraduate and graduate degree programs in Geological Engineering, noting that students with an engineering foundation made first-class practising geologists. In 1925, Karl Terzaghi, an Austrian trained engineer and geologist, published the first text in Soil Mechanics (in German). Terzaghi is known as the parent of soil mechanics, but also had a great interest in geology; Terzaghi considered soil mechanics to be a sub-discipline of engineering geology. In 1929, Terzaghi, along with Redlich and Kampe, published their own Engineering Geology text (also in German).Engineering geology are the different types of rocks.

The need for geologist on engineering works gained worldwide attention in 1928 with the failure of the St. Francis Dam in California and the death of 426 people. More engineering failures that occurred the following years also prompted the requirement for engineering geologists to work on large engineering projects.

One of the most important roles of an engineering geologist is the interpretation of landforms and earth processes to identify potential geologic and related human-made hazards that may have a great impact on civil structures and human development. The background in geology provides the engineering geologist with an understanding of how the earth works, which is crucial minimizing earth related hazards. Most engineering geologists also have graduate degrees where they have gained specialized education and training in soil mechanics, rock mechanics, geotechnics, groundwater, hydrology, and civil design. These two aspects of the engineering geologists' education provide them with a unique ability to understand and mitigate for hazards associated with earth-structure interactions.

An engineering geologist or geophysicist may be called upon to evaluate the excavatability (i.e. rippability) of earth (rock) materials to assess the need for pre-blasting during earthwork construction, as well as associated impacts due to vibration during blasting on projects.

Soil mechanics is a discipline that applies principles of engineering mechanics, e.g. kinematics, dynamics, fluid mechanics, and mechanics of material, to predict the mechanical behaviour of soils. Rock mechanics is the theoretical and applied science of the mechanical behaviour of rock and rock masses; it is that branch of mechanics concerned with the response of rock and rock masses to the force-fields of their physical environment. The fundamental processes are all related to the behaviour of porous media. Together, soil and rock mechanics are the basis for solving many engineering geology problems.

The fieldwork is typically culminated in analysis of the data and the preparation of an engineering geologic report, geotechnical report or design brief, fault hazard or seismic hazard report, geophysical report, ground water resource report or hydrogeologic report. The engineering geology report can also be prepared in conjunction with a geotechnical report, but commonly provides the same geotechnical analysis and design recommendations that would be presented in a geotechnical report. An engineering geology report describes the objectives, methodology, references cited, tests performed, findings and recommendations for development and detailed design of engineering works. Engineering geologists also provide geologic data on topographic maps, aerial photographs, geologic maps, Geographic Information System (GIS) maps, or other map bases.

AEG is the acknowledged international leader in environmental and engineering geology, and is greatly respected for its stewardship of the profession. AEG offers information on environmental and engineering geology useful to practitioners, scientists, students, and the public. Other geosciences organizations recognize the value of using and sharing AEG's outstanding resources.

Engineering Geology is an interdisciplinary field that uses the principles of geologic processes to solve engineering and environmental problems. We provide courseworks to evaluate possible geologic hazards and Earth structures (e.g., landslides, earthquake damage, structural geology, groundwater) and prepare for registered engineering professionals with geotechnical, geologic, and petroleum specialties.

Your life has benefited because an engineering geologist took an active part in projects that improved your health, safety, and standard of living. Just consider the lifestyle you live. If you live in a city, your drinking water is taken for granted, but an engineering geologist helped get it to your home. How? By working to identify a safe site for the dam that holds back the reservoir. By working to locate and construct the tunnels and pipelines needed to carry the water into the city safely and without contamination. By ensuring the distribution system is not compromised by unstable ground, faults or corrosive soil conditions in the many miles of trenches used to lay the pipe.

Taught modules cover the fundamental topics of the engineering geology discipline and will run over two semesters. The central modules covering ground investigating, soil mechanics and rock mechanics run across both semesters.

Dr. Chrysothemis Paraskevopoulou, the Programme Leader, is a Tunnel Geo-Engineer who joined Leeds in 2017 to teach engineering geology and geotechnics-related courses after studying in Greece, Canada and Switzerland. Her current research deals with geo-engineering innovative design, resilient and sustainable geo-structure & infrastructure while looking at their societal impact, initiating collaborations at national and international level. Dr. Chrysothemis Paraskevopoulou also works as a consultant and in the past as Geotechnical Engineer in both private and public sector.

Developing effective team working skills is key to working as an engineering geologist where you often work as part of large multi-disciplinary projects, and to reflect this some of these assessments are undertaken as group work to offer an authentic experience of the diversity of a professional team.

Also, a Masters qualification is generally regarded as an essential requirement in the ground and civil engineering sectors as it significantly shortens the time in which an engineer can become chartered.

Course Context: This is a junior-level course for geology majors and is required for the Environmental and Engineering Geology Concentration within the BS Degree in Geology. Pre-requisites include physical geology and the first course of calculus-based physics (mechanics).

Course Content: This course introduces the engineering mechanics of Earth materials and how they respond to forces and stresses. The first half of the course covers rock mechanics and the process of characterizing the failure susceptibility of rock masses. Using data from case studies, students assess rock-mass quality by examining intact rock strength and rock-core designation data; plot planar discontinuity data on stereonets and perform kinematic analyses; and analyze rock-slope stability (slides and topples) by applying factor of safety equations. The second half of the course focuses on the mechanics of unconsolidated materials (soils). Students learn to apply relations that quantify processes such consolidation and settlement, compaction, soil slope stability, and liquefaction. In the solution of these problems students use geotechnical engineering methods such as the Unified Soil Classification System and testing standards established by the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM). e24fc04721